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Introduction to Psychology 2e
Chapter 10
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According to Western (1999) the nervous system is
a) The chemical underpinning of all biological behaviours
b) That distinctive aspect of human psychological functioning
that separates humankind from the animals
c) The interacting network of nerve cells that underlies all
psychological activity
d) The highest evolutionary stage of biological systems
1.
C
2.
d
Which of the following statements is TRUE of glial cells?
a) They are the most abundant cells of the nervous system
b) They form an insulating sheath around some neurons
c) They regulate their environment by clearing cell debris
d) All of the above
3.
c
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding glial
cells?
a) They form an insulating sheath around some neurons’ eyes
b) They are the most abundant cells of the nervous system
c) They cannot be replaced when they die
d) They provide structural support for neurons
4.
d
By what means do neurons communicate with one another
a) Structural contact
b) Hormonal messengers
c) Neural pathways
d) Electrochemically
5.
a
Which of the following statements is TRUE of most neurons?
a) They cannot be replaced when they die
b) They are physically connected to one another
c) They are positively charged when they are inactive
d) They are chiefly responsible for generating metabolic energy
6.
c
Which of the following is NOT found on all neurons?
a) Soma
b) Axon
c) Myelin sheath
d) None of the above
Introduction to Psychology 2e
Lecturer Support Material
ISBN: 9781919895024
© Juta and Company Limited, 2012
1
____________ neurons also known as _____________ neurons
carry signals _________ the brain.
a) Efferent, sensory, towards
b) Afferent, motor, towards
c) Efferent, motor, away from
d) Afferent, sensory, away from
7.
c
8.
d
Which of the following IS a feasible neural pathway
a) Afferent  Interneuron  Efferent
b) Sensory neuron  Interneuron  Motor neuron
c) Afferent  Efferent
d) All of the above
9.
a
Which of the following is NOT a feasible neural pathway
a) Efferent  Interneuron  Afferent
b) Afferent  Interneuron  Efferent
c) Sensory neuron  Interneuron  Motor neuron
d) Afferent  Efferent
10.
b
The fact that a neuron at rest is polarised refers to what?
a) The cell body is positively charged while the terminal buttons
are negatively charged
b) The neuron is negatively charged while the extra-cellular
medium is positively charged
c) The neuron predominantly contains negatively charged ions
while the extra-cellular medium contains positively charged
ions
d) The neuron acts like a battery by having one end of the
neuron positive while the other end is negative.
11.
c
The movement of which ion is responsible for the generation of
an action potential
a) Chloride
b) Potassium
c) Sodium
d) None of the above
12.
b
During the absolute refractory period the neuron
a) Will only fire in intermittent bursts
b) Will not fire despite the application of a supra-threshold
stimulus
c) Will firing according to the all-or-nothing principle
d) Will not fire unless an extremely intense stimulus is applied
Introduction to Psychology 2e
Lecturer Support Material
ISBN: 9781919895024
© Juta and Company Limited, 2012
2
The gap between two neurons is known as a
a) Neurotransmitter
b) Neural cleft
c) Synapse
d) Vesicle
13.
c
14.
a
Where are neurotransmitters made?
a) Neuron
b) Brain
c) Synapse
d) Cerebrospinal fluid
15.
c
Which neurotransmitter is chiefly responsible for muscle
contraction?
a) Dopamine
b) Serotonin
c) Acetylcholine
d) Glutamate
16.
d
Which neurotransmitter is chiefly responsible for post-synaptic
inhibition?
a) Norepinephrine
b) Glutamate
c) Endorphins
d) GABA
17.
d
Which metaphor best describes the relationship between a
neurotransmitter and its receptor in the synapse?
a) A firing gun
b) A horse and cart
c) A knife and fork
d) A lock and key
18.
b
What is the main function of the neurotransmitter Glutamate?
a) It regulates mood
b) It excites other neurons
c) It facilitates muscle contraction
d) It elicits feelings of pleasure
19.
d
Which gland, sometimes known as the chief gland of the body,
is linked to the hypothalamus?
a) The prostate gland
b) The adrenal gland
c) The thyroid gland
d) The pituitary gland
Introduction to Psychology 2e
Lecturer Support Material
ISBN: 9781919895024
© Juta and Company Limited, 2012
3
How do hormones differ from neurotransmitters?
a) Hormones are chemical messengers
b) Hormones do not effect the nervous system
c) Hormonal effects are diffuse
d) Hormonal effects are transient
20.
c
21.
d
What is the function of the thyroid gland?
a) It helps the body resist stress
b) It regulates the body’s blood sugar levels
c) It regulates water and salt balance
d) It controls the rate of metabolism
22.
b
What division of the nervous system is responsible for keeping
the heart beating?
a) The central nervous system
b) The autonomic nervous system
c) The somatic nervous system
d) The sympathetic nervous system
23.
a
Which of the following is NOT evidence of the activation of the
sympathetic nervous system?
a) Increased digestive response
b) Increased heart-rate
c) Pupil dilation
d) Blood vessel dilation
24.
d
Which of the following IS evidence of the activation of the
parasympathetic nervous system?
a) Blood vessel dilation
b) Increased heart rate
c) Pupil dilation
d) Increased digestive response
25.
b
Give the most correct answer. What division of the nervous
system is responsible for voluntary muscular movements?
a) Peripheral nervous system
b) Somatic nervous system
c) Autonomic nervous system
d) Sympathetic nervous system
26.
d
When one is placed in a ____________ situation the activation
of the ____________ nervous system elicits a _______________
response.
a) threatening, parasympathetic, fight-or-flight
b) relaxing, parasympathetic, fight-or flight
c) relaxing, sympathetic, rest-and-digest
d) threatening, sympathetic, fight-or-flight
Introduction to Psychology 2e
Lecturer Support Material
ISBN: 9781919895024
© Juta and Company Limited, 2012
4
Roughly what proportion of neurons is located in the central
nervous system?
a) 99%
b) 50%
c) 20%
d) 1%
27.
a
28.
d
The spinal cord makes up part of
a) The forebrain
b) The midbrain
c) The hindbrain
d) None of the above
29.
c
Which of the following IS one of the main functions of the
spinal cord?
a) To innervate the muscles of the face
b) To integrate somatosensory input
c) To process reflex actions
d) To synthesize neurotransmitters
30.
a
Which part of the human brain is the largest and most complex
structure?
a) The cerebrum
b) The thalamus
c) The brain stem
d) The cerebellum
31.
a
Which of the following structures is NOT found in the
hindbrain?
a) Tectum
b) Medulla oblongata
c) Cerebellum
d) Reticular formation
32.
b
What is the function of the reticular formation?
a) To act as a sensory throughput
b) To regulate arousal levels
c) To maintain balance and co-ordination
d) To regulate vital processes such as breathing and heart rate
33.
c
Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?
a) To process sensory information
b) To facilitate the storage and formation of memories
c) To regulate the autonomic nervous system
d) To regulate arousal levels
Introduction to Psychology 2e
Lecturer Support Material
ISBN: 9781919895024
© Juta and Company Limited, 2012
5
Which of the following structures plays a role in the experience
and expression of emotions?
a) The thalamus
b) The hippocampus
c) The basal ganglia
d) The amygdala
34
d
35
c
What structures make up the limbic system?
a) Thalamus, hypothalamus and basal ganglia
b) Amygdala, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex
c) Septal area, amygdala and hippocampus
d) Cerebral cortex, pons and tectum
36
c
Which of the following structures are found in the limbic
system?
a) Thalamus and hypothalamus
b) Basal ganglia and septal area
c) Hippocampus and amygdala
d) Tectum and cerbral cortex
37
a
In which lobe would one expect to find Broca’s area?
a) Frontal lobe
b) Occipital lobe
c) Parietal lobe
d) Temporal lobe
38
d
Which of the following is NOT indicative of damage to the
frontal lobe?
a) Inability to organise and sequence behaviours
b) Inability to generate appropriate social responses
c) A reduction in social inhibitions
d) Inability to understand the meaning of words and sentences
39
c
In which lobe would one expect to find the somatosensory
strip?
a) Frontal lobe
b) Occipital lobe
c) Parietal lobe
d) Temporal lobe
40
b
What is the function of the occipital lobe?
a) To facilitate touch sensation and perception
b) To process visual information
c) To enable fine motor control
d) To analyse auditory information and enable language
comprehension
Introduction to Psychology 2e
Lecturer Support Material
ISBN: 9781919895024
© Juta and Company Limited, 2012
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41
c
Which structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain?
a) The thalamus
b) The pons
c) The corpus callosum
d) The tegmentum
42
c
Split-brain patients would be expected to struggle to identify
and describe items in their ____________ visual field and to
have difficulty completing puzzles with their ___________
hand.
a) left, left
b) right, right
c) left, right
d) right, left
43
a
Which of the following is the left hemisphere chiefly
responsible for?
a) Producing and understanding speech
b) Interpreting and expressing emotions
c) Intuitive thinking
d) Spatial comprehension
44
b
45
a
Introduction to Psychology 2e
Lecturer Support Material
Which of the following brain recording techniques can be used
to observe a single neuron?
a) CAT scan
b) Electroencephalogram (EEG)
c) PET scan
d) MRI
How does a positron-emission tomography (PET) scan work?
a) By measuring the amount of radioactive glucose in the brain
b) By layering x-ray generated images on top of one another in
order to gain a three dimensional view of the brain
c) By recording the amount of electrical activity in the brain
d) By passing radio frequencies through the brain
ISBN: 9781919895024
© Juta and Company Limited, 2012
7