Effects of Residual Inhibition Phenomenon on Early Auditory Evoked
... originate from the peripheral organs, but perception itself is a phenomenon carried out by system activity such as subcortical and cortical neural networks. Nonetheless, Tinnitus is not different from other sensory phenomena (Guitton, 2012). ...
... originate from the peripheral organs, but perception itself is a phenomenon carried out by system activity such as subcortical and cortical neural networks. Nonetheless, Tinnitus is not different from other sensory phenomena (Guitton, 2012). ...
Neurophysiology - American Physiological Society
... receptor membrane, peripheral axon process, central axon process, soma, sensory ganglia. NEU 3. Write the Nernst equation, and explain the effects of altering the intracellular or extracellular Na+, K+, Cl-, or Ca2+ concentration on the equilibrium potential for that ion. NEU 4. Describe the normal ...
... receptor membrane, peripheral axon process, central axon process, soma, sensory ganglia. NEU 3. Write the Nernst equation, and explain the effects of altering the intracellular or extracellular Na+, K+, Cl-, or Ca2+ concentration on the equilibrium potential for that ion. NEU 4. Describe the normal ...
NEURAL MECHANISMS SUPPORTING THE LEARNING
... oldest and most straightforward paradigms to study fear-related processes (Domjan, 2005; LeDoux, 1998; Pavlov, 1927). It is considered a model system to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms of learning (Fanselow & Ledoux, 1999; Helmstetter & Bellgowan, 1993; Kim & Jung, 2006; Maren, 2001). Dur ...
... oldest and most straightforward paradigms to study fear-related processes (Domjan, 2005; LeDoux, 1998; Pavlov, 1927). It is considered a model system to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms of learning (Fanselow & Ledoux, 1999; Helmstetter & Bellgowan, 1993; Kim & Jung, 2006; Maren, 2001). Dur ...
Calcium Transients in the Garter Snake Vomeronasal Organ
... Functional studies have demonstrated that ESS and ES20 evoke depolarizing currents in VN neurons and increase unit activity in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) mitral cells, the targets of the axons of receptor neurons of the VN epithelium (Jiang et al. 1990; Luo et al. 1994; Taniguchi et al. 1998 ...
... Functional studies have demonstrated that ESS and ES20 evoke depolarizing currents in VN neurons and increase unit activity in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) mitral cells, the targets of the axons of receptor neurons of the VN epithelium (Jiang et al. 1990; Luo et al. 1994; Taniguchi et al. 1998 ...
Emotional experiences of tension and suspense: psychological
... experiences evoked by music) and suspense evoked by a literary text. First, a behavioral study explored the role of different tonal and expressive structural features of a musical piece (harmony, melody, outer voices, dynamics, and expressive timing) as a mediator of musical tension. Results of this ...
... experiences evoked by music) and suspense evoked by a literary text. First, a behavioral study explored the role of different tonal and expressive structural features of a musical piece (harmony, melody, outer voices, dynamics, and expressive timing) as a mediator of musical tension. Results of this ...
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Reelin Signaling in the Adult
... demonstrate a specific context in which Reelin signaling may be initiated in the intact brain and further emphasize that extracellular proteolysis of Reelin by tPA and other yet-to-be identified proteases is important to consider when trying to understand how altered Reelin processing and/or express ...
... demonstrate a specific context in which Reelin signaling may be initiated in the intact brain and further emphasize that extracellular proteolysis of Reelin by tPA and other yet-to-be identified proteases is important to consider when trying to understand how altered Reelin processing and/or express ...
THE SUBFORNICAL ORGAN AND AREA POSTREMA MEDIATE
... expenditure and autonomic function via activation of its receptor (ObRb) in nuclei in the central nervous system (CNS). This thesis investigates the involvement of two sensory circumventricular organs (CVOs), the subfornical organ (SFO) and area postrema (AP), in mediating the central effects of lep ...
... expenditure and autonomic function via activation of its receptor (ObRb) in nuclei in the central nervous system (CNS). This thesis investigates the involvement of two sensory circumventricular organs (CVOs), the subfornical organ (SFO) and area postrema (AP), in mediating the central effects of lep ...
Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Huntington`s disease
... in the cerebral cortex and striatum of people with HD (Zuccato et al., 2001), as well as in many mouse and cell models of the disease (see Cattaneo et al., 2005 for a review). Furthermore, although no underlying molecular mechanism has been proposed to explain reduced neurotrophic support in other n ...
... in the cerebral cortex and striatum of people with HD (Zuccato et al., 2001), as well as in many mouse and cell models of the disease (see Cattaneo et al., 2005 for a review). Furthermore, although no underlying molecular mechanism has been proposed to explain reduced neurotrophic support in other n ...
Leptin Signaling in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarii
... Allyn L. Mark, Khristofor Agassandian, Donald A. Morgan, Xuebo Liu, Martin D. Cassell, Kamal Rahmouni ...
... Allyn L. Mark, Khristofor Agassandian, Donald A. Morgan, Xuebo Liu, Martin D. Cassell, Kamal Rahmouni ...
Neuro-Opthalmology (Developments in Ophthalmology, Vol. 40)
... global layer MIFs. Palisade endings are unique to eye muscles, and have been found in all mammalian species investigated up to now. The function of palisade endings is uncertain, but it is possible that they are ‘sensory receptors’. Motoneurons innervating the eye muscles lie in the oculomotor, troc ...
... global layer MIFs. Palisade endings are unique to eye muscles, and have been found in all mammalian species investigated up to now. The function of palisade endings is uncertain, but it is possible that they are ‘sensory receptors’. Motoneurons innervating the eye muscles lie in the oculomotor, troc ...
AXOTOMIZED SPINAL COMMISSURAL INTERNEURONS OF THE ADULT FELINE:
... from their dendrites. C3 PCIs were proximally axotomized and several weeks later we stained PCIs and prepared the tissue for histological evaluation. Two primary classes of axotomized PCI were identified: those with a very short axon (called permanently axotomized) and those with an axon that projec ...
... from their dendrites. C3 PCIs were proximally axotomized and several weeks later we stained PCIs and prepared the tissue for histological evaluation. Two primary classes of axotomized PCI were identified: those with a very short axon (called permanently axotomized) and those with an axon that projec ...
The Role of Kv7 in Peripheral Neurons
... functional role of each Kv7 subunits within the peripheral sensory system have not been fully elucidated. In this thesis, I first investigate the expression pattern of Kv7.5 with immunohistochemical techniques, which allow me to show that Kv7.5 is localized in the axons of the Remak bundles (unmyeli ...
... functional role of each Kv7 subunits within the peripheral sensory system have not been fully elucidated. In this thesis, I first investigate the expression pattern of Kv7.5 with immunohistochemical techniques, which allow me to show that Kv7.5 is localized in the axons of the Remak bundles (unmyeli ...
A tale of two stories: astrocyte regulation of
... astrocytes – the main type of glial cells in the hippocampus and the cortex [16-18] – together with the discovery of two-way astrocyte-neuron communication [19, 20], suggest an active role of these cells in modulation of synaptic transmission and information processing in the brain ...
... astrocytes – the main type of glial cells in the hippocampus and the cortex [16-18] – together with the discovery of two-way astrocyte-neuron communication [19, 20], suggest an active role of these cells in modulation of synaptic transmission and information processing in the brain ...
the neurobiology of nicotine addiction: bridging the gap from
... mesolimbic system. For example, DA neurons of the VTA express the α2–α7 and β2–β4 subunits34,35, which can give rise to at least three pharmacologically distinct nAChR subtypes, of which one is probably a homomeric α7 receptor. Although less than half of the VTA neurons express nAChRs that contain α ...
... mesolimbic system. For example, DA neurons of the VTA express the α2–α7 and β2–β4 subunits34,35, which can give rise to at least three pharmacologically distinct nAChR subtypes, of which one is probably a homomeric α7 receptor. Although less than half of the VTA neurons express nAChRs that contain α ...
Neural Control - International Continence Society
... this work has been remodeled, reviewed, updated and extended; and the focus changed to reflect the altered title so that aspects of neural control of the bladder are the main emphasis. In addition there is increased emphasis on the study of the physiology and pathophysiology of humans. The focus of ...
... this work has been remodeled, reviewed, updated and extended; and the focus changed to reflect the altered title so that aspects of neural control of the bladder are the main emphasis. In addition there is increased emphasis on the study of the physiology and pathophysiology of humans. The focus of ...
Behavioural Brain Research Ventral pallidum roles in reward and
... levels of substance P, enkephalins, and iron; heterogeneous cell types including cholinergic and GABAergic projection neurons; basal firing rates that are generally slower than dorsal pallidal but faster than striatal projection neurons), are recognized to distinguish ventral pallidum from other surr ...
... levels of substance P, enkephalins, and iron; heterogeneous cell types including cholinergic and GABAergic projection neurons; basal firing rates that are generally slower than dorsal pallidal but faster than striatal projection neurons), are recognized to distinguish ventral pallidum from other surr ...
Selective stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson`s
... STN neurons receive major input from the cortex and globus pallidus externus (GPe) and are under influence of the monoaminergic systems: fibers from the SNc, dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and the locus coeruleus (LC) make synaptic contact in the STN both pre- and post-synaptically releasing respectivel ...
... STN neurons receive major input from the cortex and globus pallidus externus (GPe) and are under influence of the monoaminergic systems: fibers from the SNc, dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and the locus coeruleus (LC) make synaptic contact in the STN both pre- and post-synaptically releasing respectivel ...
The circadian visual system, 2005
... (Dkhissi-Benyahya et al., 2000) circadian systems estimate the importance of an acute photic stimulus by effectively “counting” photons. It may be more appropriate to refer to this activity as “temporal integration” which is a broader term. The process is demonstrated by the fact that there is a cle ...
... (Dkhissi-Benyahya et al., 2000) circadian systems estimate the importance of an acute photic stimulus by effectively “counting” photons. It may be more appropriate to refer to this activity as “temporal integration” which is a broader term. The process is demonstrated by the fact that there is a cle ...
Glutamine deficiency in the prefrontal cortex increases depressive
... Glutamine is synthesized by GS in astrocytes and is transported into neurons through the system A transporter–2 (SAT2).23 Glutamine synthesis can be inhibited by MSO,24 and Gln transport can be blocked with MeAIB.25 If the depressive behaviours caused by astrocyte ablation are due to lack of Gln sup ...
... Glutamine is synthesized by GS in astrocytes and is transported into neurons through the system A transporter–2 (SAT2).23 Glutamine synthesis can be inhibited by MSO,24 and Gln transport can be blocked with MeAIB.25 If the depressive behaviours caused by astrocyte ablation are due to lack of Gln sup ...
Cumming BG, Parker AJ.
... in the vicinity of the receptive field. The results for these four neurons closely resembled those for the rest of the population. It would have been possible to manipulate the relative disparity between the foreground and background of the RDS simply by changing the disparity of the background regi ...
... in the vicinity of the receptive field. The results for these four neurons closely resembled those for the rest of the population. It would have been possible to manipulate the relative disparity between the foreground and background of the RDS simply by changing the disparity of the background regi ...
Anatomy & Physiology I
... سیستم عصبی، اعضای داخلی، در رگ های خون معلومات را درباره محیط داخلی تهیه میکند سیاله ها معموال بصورت شعوری در دریافت نمی گرددProprioreciptors گوش داخلی موقعیت دارد، مفاصل، اوتار، در عضالت موقعیت و حرکت مفاصل و موازنه، طول و کشش عضله، در مورد موقعیت بدنمعلومات تهیه میکند ...
... سیستم عصبی، اعضای داخلی، در رگ های خون معلومات را درباره محیط داخلی تهیه میکند سیاله ها معموال بصورت شعوری در دریافت نمی گرددProprioreciptors گوش داخلی موقعیت دارد، مفاصل، اوتار، در عضالت موقعیت و حرکت مفاصل و موازنه، طول و کشش عضله، در مورد موقعیت بدنمعلومات تهیه میکند ...
Gastric Effects of Cholecystokinin and Its Interaction with Leptin on
... a brainstem compartment and a gastric compartment. Peptides were applied only to the gastric compartment and their effects on the NTS neuronal activity were evaluated. The test compounds, CCK and leptin, were dissolved in the vehicle solution. The concentrated solution was applied to the Krebs’ solu ...
... a brainstem compartment and a gastric compartment. Peptides were applied only to the gastric compartment and their effects on the NTS neuronal activity were evaluated. The test compounds, CCK and leptin, were dissolved in the vehicle solution. The concentrated solution was applied to the Krebs’ solu ...
The dynamic cytoskeleton: backbone of dendritic spine plasticity
... filaments that are oriented with barbed ends toward the tip of the filopodium, dendritic filopodia appear to form from a mixed network of both linear and branched actin filaments that extend to form a filopodium. Furthermore, in contrast to other filopodia, they appear to contain concentrations of A ...
... filaments that are oriented with barbed ends toward the tip of the filopodium, dendritic filopodia appear to form from a mixed network of both linear and branched actin filaments that extend to form a filopodium. Furthermore, in contrast to other filopodia, they appear to contain concentrations of A ...
Propagation of tau pathology in Alzheimer`s disease
... been reported in numerous studies, but obtaining a global picture is difficult since different epitopes were analyzed in various model systems. Analysis of tau in human CSF found that levels of tau phosphorylated on T181 are increased in patients with AD compared with healthy controls [42]. Phosphor ...
... been reported in numerous studies, but obtaining a global picture is difficult since different epitopes were analyzed in various model systems. Analysis of tau in human CSF found that levels of tau phosphorylated on T181 are increased in patients with AD compared with healthy controls [42]. Phosphor ...