Modality-Based Organization of Ascending Somatosensory Axons in
... Duncan at University of Wisconsin as previously described (Jackson et ...
... Duncan at University of Wisconsin as previously described (Jackson et ...
The Olfactory–Limbic System and Multiple Chemical
... “Auditory and visual sensory information reach the orbitofrontal cortex after having undergone significant processing. The olfactory system is exclusive in that it has more direct contact to the external environment via olfactory receptor cells, input is relayed directly to the cortex and is not ini ...
... “Auditory and visual sensory information reach the orbitofrontal cortex after having undergone significant processing. The olfactory system is exclusive in that it has more direct contact to the external environment via olfactory receptor cells, input is relayed directly to the cortex and is not ini ...
Sorting and convergence of primary olfactory axons are
... extratoes mutation. In P2-IRES-tau:LacZ mice, all olfactory neurons expressing the P2 odorant receptor gene express a fusion protein between tau and LacZ that allows the trajectory of their axons to be visualised by histochemical staining with X-gal. P2 neurons are located in a discrete semiannular ...
... extratoes mutation. In P2-IRES-tau:LacZ mice, all olfactory neurons expressing the P2 odorant receptor gene express a fusion protein between tau and LacZ that allows the trajectory of their axons to be visualised by histochemical staining with X-gal. P2 neurons are located in a discrete semiannular ...
Chapter_014
... • Motor and sensory pathways regulating the body’s internal environment through involuntary control of organ systems ...
... • Motor and sensory pathways regulating the body’s internal environment through involuntary control of organ systems ...
Descending motor pathways and the spinal
... nucleus X by Giovanelli Barilari and Kuypers (1969) or ventral motor nucleus by Matsushita and Ueyama (1973). Only recently (Baulac and Meininger, 1981; Haase and Hrycyshyn,1985 and Theriault and Diamond, 1988b in the rat; Krogh and Towns, 1984 in the dog; Holstege et al., 1987 in the cat) this cell ...
... nucleus X by Giovanelli Barilari and Kuypers (1969) or ventral motor nucleus by Matsushita and Ueyama (1973). Only recently (Baulac and Meininger, 1981; Haase and Hrycyshyn,1985 and Theriault and Diamond, 1988b in the rat; Krogh and Towns, 1984 in the dog; Holstege et al., 1987 in the cat) this cell ...
Intrinsic Connections of Macaque of Cells Outside Lamina 4c` Striate
... include: ( 1) a strong and precise (point-to-point) projection from lamina 48 to lamina 2/3A, (2) a reciprocal projection from 2/3A back to 4B, (3) a definite projection from lamina 4B to 58, as well as (4) a prominent input to lamina 6 from 5B. In many cases, we find it possible to trace the flow o ...
... include: ( 1) a strong and precise (point-to-point) projection from lamina 48 to lamina 2/3A, (2) a reciprocal projection from 2/3A back to 4B, (3) a definite projection from lamina 4B to 58, as well as (4) a prominent input to lamina 6 from 5B. In many cases, we find it possible to trace the flow o ...
Growth and Targeting of Subplate Axons and Establishment of Major
... extent of the internal capsule and extend into its continuation, the cerebral peduncle. The internal capsule serves as an axonal pathway not only for cortical efferents, but also for cortical afferents. For example, axons arising from the thalamus, the major source of cortical afferents, traverse th ...
... extent of the internal capsule and extend into its continuation, the cerebral peduncle. The internal capsule serves as an axonal pathway not only for cortical efferents, but also for cortical afferents. For example, axons arising from the thalamus, the major source of cortical afferents, traverse th ...
Same Spinal Interneurons Mediate Reflex Actions of Group Ib and
... neurons in the cat (Floeter et al. 1993; Gossard et al. 1996; Grillner and Lund 1968; Grillner et al. 1971; Takakusaki et al. 1989) show that these actions involve both excitatory and inhibitory premotor neurons and initiation of different forms of locomotion from different parts of the brain stem b ...
... neurons in the cat (Floeter et al. 1993; Gossard et al. 1996; Grillner and Lund 1968; Grillner et al. 1971; Takakusaki et al. 1989) show that these actions involve both excitatory and inhibitory premotor neurons and initiation of different forms of locomotion from different parts of the brain stem b ...
By ON THE ROLE OF THE SUPERIOR COLLICULUS IN THE CONTROL... VISUALLY-GUIDED SACCADES
... predict how the spatial interactions between neural signals related to visual processing and saccadic preparation interact within the SC to influence saccadic reaction time. I concluded that saccade latency was strongly dependant on the spatial representation and interaction of visual and saccade re ...
... predict how the spatial interactions between neural signals related to visual processing and saccadic preparation interact within the SC to influence saccadic reaction time. I concluded that saccade latency was strongly dependant on the spatial representation and interaction of visual and saccade re ...
Histamine in the Nervous System
... tuberomamillary nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus and send their axons all over the central nervous system. Active solely during waking, they maintain wakefulness and attention. Three of the four known histamine receptors and binding to glutamate NMDA receptors serve multiple functions in the br ...
... tuberomamillary nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus and send their axons all over the central nervous system. Active solely during waking, they maintain wakefulness and attention. Three of the four known histamine receptors and binding to glutamate NMDA receptors serve multiple functions in the br ...
Mice Lacking M1 and M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Have
... contribution of M1 and M3 mAChR subtypes to olfactory processing using mice with a genetic deletion of these receptors, the M1−/− and the M1/M3−/− knockout (KO) mice. Genetic ablation of the M1 and M3 mAChRs resulted in a significant deficit in odor discrimination of closely related molecules, inclu ...
... contribution of M1 and M3 mAChR subtypes to olfactory processing using mice with a genetic deletion of these receptors, the M1−/− and the M1/M3−/− knockout (KO) mice. Genetic ablation of the M1 and M3 mAChRs resulted in a significant deficit in odor discrimination of closely related molecules, inclu ...
RESULTATS Capítol 1 __________________________________________________________________________ 71
... by specific signals as the main mechanism by which neuronal connections are first established between brain areas (Huber et al., 2003; Mueller, 1999), while activitydependent plasticity has been proposed as a mechanism for the final refinement and maturation of connections (Katz and Shatz, 1996). A ...
... by specific signals as the main mechanism by which neuronal connections are first established between brain areas (Huber et al., 2003; Mueller, 1999), while activitydependent plasticity has been proposed as a mechanism for the final refinement and maturation of connections (Katz and Shatz, 1996). A ...
The Role of the Terminal Nerve and GnRH in Olfactory System
... GnRH into the olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb, or both. Physiological effects of GnRH in the olfactory epithelium In axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum), a type of aquatic salamander, GnRH has been shown to modulate responses evoked by amino acids, which act as food cues for aquatic vertebrates (Par ...
... GnRH into the olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb, or both. Physiological effects of GnRH in the olfactory epithelium In axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum), a type of aquatic salamander, GnRH has been shown to modulate responses evoked by amino acids, which act as food cues for aquatic vertebrates (Par ...
Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry : The New Anatomy of the
... not only from new methods of exploring the brain, including new neuroanatomical staining techniques and brain imaging methods in humans, but also from a need to unite our knowledge of brain function and structure with clinical observations. The task is to enable an integration of brain-behavior rela ...
... not only from new methods of exploring the brain, including new neuroanatomical staining techniques and brain imaging methods in humans, but also from a need to unite our knowledge of brain function and structure with clinical observations. The task is to enable an integration of brain-behavior rela ...
Limbic structures, emotion, and memory
... Tier 2 is that any learning in Tier 2 of the value of an object or face seen in one location on the retina, size, and view will generalize to other views etc. In rodents, there is no such clear separation of “what” from “value” representations. For example, in the taste system, satiety influences tas ...
... Tier 2 is that any learning in Tier 2 of the value of an object or face seen in one location on the retina, size, and view will generalize to other views etc. In rodents, there is no such clear separation of “what” from “value” representations. For example, in the taste system, satiety influences tas ...
Sequence of information processing for emotions based on the
... prefrontal cortex in primates is complex, composed of lateral prefrontal areas, associated with cognitive processes, and orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortices, which have a role in emotional processes (reviewed in Barbas et al., 2002). There is no information on whether laminar-specific conn ...
... prefrontal cortex in primates is complex, composed of lateral prefrontal areas, associated with cognitive processes, and orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortices, which have a role in emotional processes (reviewed in Barbas et al., 2002). There is no information on whether laminar-specific conn ...
Changes in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Following Delay
... better understanding of the neural processes that occur in humans while they are forming or using a memory. However, these advancements led to studies that have primarily focused on the neural activity evoked by stimuli presented during either encoding or retrieval. While this stimulus-evoked activi ...
... better understanding of the neural processes that occur in humans while they are forming or using a memory. However, these advancements led to studies that have primarily focused on the neural activity evoked by stimuli presented during either encoding or retrieval. While this stimulus-evoked activi ...
PDF
... ventral to adjacent dorsal areas covered by Robo3+ axons in a ∼500 µm segment of the cervical-thoracic spinal cord (Fig. 2G-K). Both Ntn1trap/trap and Ntn1−/− mutants displayed highly disorganized commissural axons that were often oriented away from the midline. However, the degree of crossing was s ...
... ventral to adjacent dorsal areas covered by Robo3+ axons in a ∼500 µm segment of the cervical-thoracic spinal cord (Fig. 2G-K). Both Ntn1trap/trap and Ntn1−/− mutants displayed highly disorganized commissural axons that were often oriented away from the midline. However, the degree of crossing was s ...
Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no
... provide inputs via parahippocampal areas TF/TH to the hippocampus for its spatial (‘where’) functions in memory, which are described in Section 4. In a complementary way, the hippocampus and parahippocampal areas do not contain value representations of stimuli, except insofar as value may be part of ...
... provide inputs via parahippocampal areas TF/TH to the hippocampus for its spatial (‘where’) functions in memory, which are described in Section 4. In a complementary way, the hippocampus and parahippocampal areas do not contain value representations of stimuli, except insofar as value may be part of ...
Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Alterations in Subacute and Chronic
... were optimized to count at least 200 cells per animal with error coefficients <0.05. Outlines of the anatomical structures were done using a 10/0.45 objective and cell quantification was conducted using a 60/1.40 objective. The motor neuron numbers (20- to 25-lm diameter) were counted in discrete ...
... were optimized to count at least 200 cells per animal with error coefficients <0.05. Outlines of the anatomical structures were done using a 10/0.45 objective and cell quantification was conducted using a 60/1.40 objective. The motor neuron numbers (20- to 25-lm diameter) were counted in discrete ...
Ear manipulations help model neuroplasticity limitations
... Connecting Sensory Organs with the Central Nervous System Sensory organs send information about the outside world to specified nuclei in the central nervous system (CNS). In turn, the CNS sends information back to certain sensory organs to modulate the incoming signal. For example, the retina of man ...
... Connecting Sensory Organs with the Central Nervous System Sensory organs send information about the outside world to specified nuclei in the central nervous system (CNS). In turn, the CNS sends information back to certain sensory organs to modulate the incoming signal. For example, the retina of man ...
Time Course and Time–Distance Relationships for Surround
... point at which the response difference reaches a criterion statistical significance. Because the latter requires the response to reach a fixed level, the latency estimate will grow as the change in response is scaled down. This is undesirable because later we show that, on average, the strength of s ...
... point at which the response difference reaches a criterion statistical significance. Because the latter requires the response to reach a fixed level, the latency estimate will grow as the change in response is scaled down. This is undesirable because later we show that, on average, the strength of s ...