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... resident cells [3, 4]. Neuronal immune-modulations are conducted within the central nervous system (CNS). For instance, neural activity of the amygdala and insular cortex as measured by implanted deep-brain electrodes is not only specific for the type of immune challenge (T-cell-independent antigen ...
... resident cells [3, 4]. Neuronal immune-modulations are conducted within the central nervous system (CNS). For instance, neural activity of the amygdala and insular cortex as measured by implanted deep-brain electrodes is not only specific for the type of immune challenge (T-cell-independent antigen ...
Effects of Residual Inhibition Phenomenon on Early Auditory Evoked
... “stays” in the peripheral auditory system, but under the dependency of other molecular pathways, (2) by passing time, tinnitus progressively recruits several anatomical structures in auditory (the peripheral and central auditory systems) and non-auditory (the limbic system and higher order brain str ...
... “stays” in the peripheral auditory system, but under the dependency of other molecular pathways, (2) by passing time, tinnitus progressively recruits several anatomical structures in auditory (the peripheral and central auditory systems) and non-auditory (the limbic system and higher order brain str ...
Interaction of the Frontal Eye Field and Superior Colliculus for
... around the area activated from the FEF. The empirical question is whether saccades of such amplitude and direction can still be evoked from the FEF after that part of the SC has been inactivated. We found that SC inactivation substantially altered saccades evoked by FEF stimulation, and we conclude ...
... around the area activated from the FEF. The empirical question is whether saccades of such amplitude and direction can still be evoked from the FEF after that part of the SC has been inactivated. We found that SC inactivation substantially altered saccades evoked by FEF stimulation, and we conclude ...
Why We Sleep: The Temporal Organization of
... increased sleep (sleep rebound) after sleep deprivation. During NREM sleep recovery, delta power decreases exponentially with time, tracking the dissipation of the behavioral sleep debt. REM sleep is also homeostatically regulated. has been proposed [1,19,23]: rapid reversibility (as opposed to hibe ...
... increased sleep (sleep rebound) after sleep deprivation. During NREM sleep recovery, delta power decreases exponentially with time, tracking the dissipation of the behavioral sleep debt. REM sleep is also homeostatically regulated. has been proposed [1,19,23]: rapid reversibility (as opposed to hibe ...
Leptin Signaling in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarii
... Abstract—The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus was initially regarded as the principal site of leptin action, but there is increasing evidence for functional leptin receptors in extrahypothalamic sites, including the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). We demonstrated previously that arcuate injection of le ...
... Abstract—The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus was initially regarded as the principal site of leptin action, but there is increasing evidence for functional leptin receptors in extrahypothalamic sites, including the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). We demonstrated previously that arcuate injection of le ...
Anatomy & Physiology I
... corpuscles will fire rapidly as it first touches down to let you know something has landed. If the pen remains still, they will stop firing almost right away. The Merkel’s and Ruffini endings will continue to fire to let you know that something is still there. ...
... corpuscles will fire rapidly as it first touches down to let you know something has landed. If the pen remains still, they will stop firing almost right away. The Merkel’s and Ruffini endings will continue to fire to let you know that something is still there. ...
Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Huntington`s disease
... Received 27 October 2006; received in revised form 23 January 2007; accepted 23 January 2007 ...
... Received 27 October 2006; received in revised form 23 January 2007; accepted 23 January 2007 ...
Understanding the process of multisensory integration
... reexamine this process. The result, detailed in Chapter 2, was a new model that can accurately predict a neuron’s multisensory response on a moment-by-moment basis as it evolves, with only knowledge of its responses to the individual component cues. ...
... reexamine this process. The result, detailed in Chapter 2, was a new model that can accurately predict a neuron’s multisensory response on a moment-by-moment basis as it evolves, with only knowledge of its responses to the individual component cues. ...
Propagation of tau pathology in Alzheimer`s disease
... from HEK cells inducibly expressing human tau, rather than transiently overexpressing tau, revealed soluble extracellular tau but no detectable tau in the exosome fraction [33]. Exosomes isolated from SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, infected with a lentivirus to express human GFPtagged tau, also did no ...
... from HEK cells inducibly expressing human tau, rather than transiently overexpressing tau, revealed soluble extracellular tau but no detectable tau in the exosome fraction [33]. Exosomes isolated from SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, infected with a lentivirus to express human GFPtagged tau, also did no ...
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... found diabetic control induction and endocrine disorders of Hashimoto’s throiditis, cancer and neurological disorders such as transverse myelitis, ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis etc. Dr Blaylock has written extensively on the Glutamate toxicity of Aspartame and Hydroperoxyl Radical damage to glia ...
... found diabetic control induction and endocrine disorders of Hashimoto’s throiditis, cancer and neurological disorders such as transverse myelitis, ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis etc. Dr Blaylock has written extensively on the Glutamate toxicity of Aspartame and Hydroperoxyl Radical damage to glia ...
the Report - The Lasker Foundation
... Practically speaking, this means that visual acuity is reduced despite a normal structural eye examination due to the presence of at least one amblyopia risk factor early in life. These risk factors include deprivation (induced by congenital cataract or ptosis, for example), manifest strabismus of ...
... Practically speaking, this means that visual acuity is reduced despite a normal structural eye examination due to the presence of at least one amblyopia risk factor early in life. These risk factors include deprivation (induced by congenital cataract or ptosis, for example), manifest strabismus of ...
Neural Mechanisms of Extinction Learning and Retrieval
... 1988), but neuroscientific investigations lagged (Kimble and Kimble, 1970). The last decade, however, has seen a resurgence of interest in the neural mechanisms of this ...
... 1988), but neuroscientific investigations lagged (Kimble and Kimble, 1970). The last decade, however, has seen a resurgence of interest in the neural mechanisms of this ...
Two Procedures for the Establishment of Conditioned Reinforcers
... stimuli other than reinforcing effects. In as much as the relationship between the two terms, reinforcement and reward, was discarded by behavior analyst, cognitive psychology commits the categorical mistake (Ryle, 1949; Holth, 2001), of using them synonymously. Cognitive theories view rewards as a ...
... stimuli other than reinforcing effects. In as much as the relationship between the two terms, reinforcement and reward, was discarded by behavior analyst, cognitive psychology commits the categorical mistake (Ryle, 1949; Holth, 2001), of using them synonymously. Cognitive theories view rewards as a ...
5-HT Receptor Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release
... 5-HT heteroreceptors. GABA released from GABAergic ...
... 5-HT heteroreceptors. GABA released from GABAergic ...
Unfair Review - North Central AP Psychology
... PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY is a theory of psychology that states that thoughts and actions stem from unconscious motives and conflicts ...
... PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY is a theory of psychology that states that thoughts and actions stem from unconscious motives and conflicts ...
Orexin/Hypocretin: A Neuropeptide at the Interface of Sleep, Energy
... and posterior hypothalamic area in the rat brain (Pey- ...
... and posterior hypothalamic area in the rat brain (Pey- ...
Theta Modulation in the Medial and the Lateral Entorhinal Cortices
... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
Cholinergic Cells and Pathways
... with projection and augmenting activity as they pointed out that ACh-sensitive cortical cells respond to thalamic or peripheral sensory stimulation with repetitive after-discharges and changes in the EEG. These notions were supported by the finding of Frank (Hank) MacIntosh and Paul Oborin (1953) of ...
... with projection and augmenting activity as they pointed out that ACh-sensitive cortical cells respond to thalamic or peripheral sensory stimulation with repetitive after-discharges and changes in the EEG. These notions were supported by the finding of Frank (Hank) MacIntosh and Paul Oborin (1953) of ...
Neuronal uptake and propagation of a rare phosphorylated high-molecular-weight tau
... Fig. 1h). It remains open if these tau containing particles are made exclusively of tau or contain other constituents such as proteins and lipids. Human tau species observed within primary neurons 2–5 days after exposure to rTg4510 brain extract were Alz50 positive (Fig. 1i, top) but negative for Th ...
... Fig. 1h). It remains open if these tau containing particles are made exclusively of tau or contain other constituents such as proteins and lipids. Human tau species observed within primary neurons 2–5 days after exposure to rTg4510 brain extract were Alz50 positive (Fig. 1i, top) but negative for Th ...
Integrative Model of Rumination - Open Research Exeter
... can lead to the development of habitual responding via (1) associative learning and (2) instrumental learning. They identify three interrelated principles that summarize the development and performance of habits: (1) habits are cued by context; (2) habit context-response associations are not mediate ...
... can lead to the development of habitual responding via (1) associative learning and (2) instrumental learning. They identify three interrelated principles that summarize the development and performance of habits: (1) habits are cued by context; (2) habit context-response associations are not mediate ...
Structure and dynamics of the corticothalamic driver pathway in the
... Each moment of life, our brains excel at the complex tasks of acquiring information about the environment, processing and analyzing those signals, store and retrieve memories, decide on appropriate behavior and finally coordinate the muscular contractions for an appropriate behavioral response. Acco ...
... Each moment of life, our brains excel at the complex tasks of acquiring information about the environment, processing and analyzing those signals, store and retrieve memories, decide on appropriate behavior and finally coordinate the muscular contractions for an appropriate behavioral response. Acco ...
Histamine in the Nervous System
... neurons in all central ganglia (150). Histamine induces excitatory and inhibitory synaptic potentials (216, 459) and modulations (109, 811) in a variety of follower cells (98). Histamine-containing somata and fibers are widespread in arthropod brains, with the most intense labeling in the retinal ph ...
... neurons in all central ganglia (150). Histamine induces excitatory and inhibitory synaptic potentials (216, 459) and modulations (109, 811) in a variety of follower cells (98). Histamine-containing somata and fibers are widespread in arthropod brains, with the most intense labeling in the retinal ph ...
- Wiley Online Library
... that orchestrate the contractions of inspiratory and expiratory muscles and regulate airway patency. RTN neurons are strongly stimulated by hypercapnia and their main known function is to adjust lung ventilation so as to maintain the stability of arterial P CO2 . This role is especially important du ...
... that orchestrate the contractions of inspiratory and expiratory muscles and regulate airway patency. RTN neurons are strongly stimulated by hypercapnia and their main known function is to adjust lung ventilation so as to maintain the stability of arterial P CO2 . This role is especially important du ...