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Download Review 3 ____ 1. The cells that provide structural support and
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Review 3 ____ 1. The cells that provide structural support and insulation for neurons are called a. glia b. somata c. neuromodulators d. dendrites ____ 2. The cells of the nervous system that do the work of receiving, integrating, and transmitting information are the a. neurons b. glia c. neuroblasts d. neurilemma ____ 3. __________ receive information from other neurons; __________ transmit information to other neurons. a. Axons; synapses b. Dendrites; axons c. Synapses; dendrites d. Axons; dendrites ____ 4. Faster neural impulses occur in a. insulated or myelinated axons b. uninsulated or unmyelinated axons d. neurons with extensive dendrites ____ 5. Neurotransmitters are secreted from the a. myelin sheath b. terminal buttons c. neuromodulators c. shorter axons d. dendrites ____ 6. Both sodium and potassium ions a. carry a negative charge b. carry a positive charge c. are concentrated outside the neuron's cell body d. are concentrated inside the neuron's cell body ____ 7. The tiny electrical charge that exists when a neuron is neither receiving or sending information is called a. an action potential b. a synaptic gap c. a resting potential d. a neurotransmitter ____ 8. Bradley is deeply relaxed and his muscles are not moving at all. This suggests that, for Bradley's motor neurons a. sodium ions are concentrated inside the neurons and potassium ions are concentrated outside the neurons b. sodium ions and potassium ions are both concentrated inside the neurons c. sodium ions and potassium ions are both concentrated outside the neurons d. sodium ions are concentrated outside the neurons and potassium ions are concentrated inside the neurons ____ 9. An action potential is a. the tiny electrical charge that exists when a neuron is neither receiving nor sending information b. an electrical signal that travels along the axon of a neuron c. the small gap that exists between adjacent neurons d. an electrical signal that travels along the dendrites of a neuron ____ 10. Leonard's mother became dehydrated during a recent illness, and the levels of sodium in her body were significantly reduced. If enough sodium was lost you might expect that a. her nervous system would become highly activated and action potentials would be generated continuously b. fewer action potentials would occur in her nervous system c. more neurotransmitters would be produced in her terminal buttons d. glial cells would start to degenerate and die ____ 11. The space between a terminal button and a dendrite is referred to as the a. midsynaptic potential range b. transmission gap c. neuromodulator ____ 12. Synaptic vesicles are structures that a. control the speed with which a neuron fires b. manufacture myelin neurotransmitters d. provide energy for a neuron's activity d. synaptic cleft c. store ____ 13. An electric potential that increases the likelihood that the postsynaptic neuron will fire is called an a. all-or-none potential b. inhibitory postsynaptic potential c. excitatory postsynaptic potential d. excitatory presynaptic potential ____ 14. Reabsorption of neurotransmitters into the presynaptic neuron is referred to as a. cyclomyosis b. regrading c. uploading d. reuptake ____ 15. Which of the following neurotransmitters is primarily involved in the activation of motor neurons controlling skeletal muscles? a. GABA b. dopamine c. serotonin d. acetylcholine ____ 16. Dr. Athorp has just discovered a new drug named P3X that is an agonist for GABA. It is likely that this new drug will produce side effects such as a. general stimulation within the body and an increase in heart rate b. anxiety reduction and general relaxation c. a reduction in pain and a sense of euphoria d. hallucinations and disrupted sleep patterns ____ 17. Opiate drugs bind onto the same receptor sites as the body's own endorphins. Therefore, opiate drugs tend to a. reduce anxiety b. produce sleepiness c. increase anxiety and agitation d. relieve pain ____ 18. The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system comprise the a. central nervous system b. peripheral nervous system c. skeletal nervous system d. afferent nervous system ____ 19. __________ nerves receive information, while __________ nerves carry out instructions. a. afferent; efferent b. motor; sensory c. somatic; autonomic d. autonomic; skeletal ____ 20. The movement of voluntary skeletal muscles involved in doing calisthenics is under the control of the a. somatic nervous system b. parasympathetic nervous system c. sympathetic nervous system d. autonomic nervous system ____ 21. Jonathan took some medication for his flu symptoms. Later, Jonathan began to feel a little faint because medication caused his heart to beat more slowly and his blood pressure to fall. It is likely that the medication increased activity in Jonathan's a. hippocampus b. parasympathetic nervous system c. somatic nervous system d. sympathetic nervous system ____ 22. The central nervous system consists of a. the body's sensory and motor neurons b. the brain and the spinal cord c. the somatic and autonomic nervous systems d. the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems ____ 23. The __________ fluid nourishes the brain and provides a protective cushion for it. a. amniotic b. cerebrospinal c. parasympathetic d. somatic ____ 24. Which of the following research techniques is LEAST likely to be used to study the human brain? a. electrical stimulation b. recording electrical signals with the EEG c. lesioning d. cortex mapping ____ 25. Shot in the head, the victim died instantly because the bullet entered the __________, the portion of the hindbrain that regulates breathing. a. cerebellum b. medulla c. thalamus d. pons ____ 26. Greg was a world-class diver until he hit his head on the diving board during one of his dives. He now has difficulty coordinating the movements required for various tucks and rotations. It is likely that when he hit his head on the diving board, Greg damaged his a. cerebellum b. reticular formation c. amygdala d. temporal lobe ____ 27. Erin suffered a brain injury and her neurologist has told her that there is damage to her reticular formation. In this instance, Erin is most likely to experience a. a disruption of her sleep and wake cycles b. a loss of fine motor coordination c. the inability to accurately locate objects in space d. the degeneration of dopamine-releasing neurons ____ 28. Pleasure centers in the brain appear to be concentrated most heavily in the a. endocrine system b. limbic system c. corpus callosum d. brainstem ____ 29. The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres is the a. corpus callosum b. pineal gland c. thalamus d. parietal lobe ____ 30. When Jeffrey slipped on the stairs and hit his head he saw "stars" for several minutes. The "stars" were most likely a result of activity in Jeffrey's a. temporal lobes b. prefrontal cortex c. occipital lobes d. primary somatosensory cortex ____ 31. Gilbert suffered a stroke, and even though he has recovered many functions, he finds he is still relatively insensitive to pain signals from his right leg. In this case, it is likely that Gilbert's stroke affected his a. right parietal lobe b. left frontal lobe c. right temporal lobe d. left parietal lobe ____ 32. Damage to the temporal lobe of the brain would probably be MOST harmful to the career of a. a musician b. an actor c. an architect d. a painter ____ 33. The amount of motor cortex devoted to each body area is determined by a. the size of the body area b. the location of the body area c. the diversity of movements of the body area d. none of these factors ____ 34. Some theorists believe that a sort of "executive control system," which is responsible for monitoring, directing, and organizing thought processes, is housed in the a. corpus callosum b. prefrontal cortex c. hindbrain d. medial forebrain bundle ____ 35. Imagine that a picture of a spoon is briefly flashed in the left visual field of an individual with a severed corpus callosum. At the same time, a picture of a cup is briefly flashed in the right visual field. Based on Roger Sperry's work with split-brain patients, you could predict that this individual will say a. "I didn't see anything." b. "I saw a spoon resting in a cup." c. "I saw a spoon." d. "I saw a cup." ____ 36. The endocrine system a. connects the two cerebral hemispheres of the brain myelin d. forms the basis of reflexive behaviors ____ ____ ____ 37. Hormones are transported throughout the body via the a. nervous system b. limbic system c. bloodstream 38. The master gland of the endocrine system is the a. thyroid gland b. adrenal gland c. pancreas b. secretes hormones d. lymph nodes d. pituitary gland 39. The carriers of genetic information in the form of DNA are the a. chromosomes b. ribosomes c. nucleotides d. rizomes c. manufactures ____ 40. The research on adopted children and intelligence has found that there is a significant similarity between them and a. their biological parents b. their adoptive parents c. both sets of parents d. their adoptive siblings