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What is the purpose of the Nervous system? To receive information from a sensory neuron To process info. by the brain & spinal cord To respond by an effectors (muscle/gland) What are 2 divisions of the nervous system? Central Nervous system Brain Spinal cords Peripheral Nervous System All other nerve cells What is the basic unit of the nervous system? Neuron • Dendrites receive stimuli • Axon transmits the impulse to another dendrite • Synapse • How neurons connect Types of neurons 17-5 Neuron Structure Neurons are composed of dendrites that receive signals, a cell body with a nucleus, and an axon that conducts a nerve impulse away. Sensory neurons take information from sensory receptors to the CNS. Interneurons occur within the CNS and integrate input (nonmyelinated). Motor neurons take information from the CNS to muscles or glands. 17-6 How does the Synapse carry the signal? 1. Electrical current travels down the axon 2. Vesicles with chemicals move toward the membrane what is that called? 3. Chemicals are released and diffuse toward the next cell’s plasma membrane 4. The chemicals open up the transport proteins and allow the signal to pass to the next cell - what type of diffusion is this? What do you think can change neurons and their connections? Accidents Drugs Alcohol Disease Drugs and alcohol bind important receptors on neurons Repeated binding causes the neuron to die 100 Billion or so neurons - what’s the problem with some of them dying? •Cells multiply all the time - will your neurons? •Does everyone react the same way to accidents, or drugs and alcohol? •Do all organisms react the same to all stimulus? •Which of your activities use your neurons? Drugs = neuron death What if neurons die here? or here or here or here or here