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Do Now: Review the Human Spark Directions: Glue this do now in your notebook! Important Announcements Last week… • Video: The Human Spark Journey into the Brain Important Announcements This week… Monday and Tuesday • Introduction to the Central Nervous System Wednesday • Vocabulary Quiz #4 Neurons and The Central Nervous System • New Seats (back into groups) Thursday and Friday • Lab: Reaction Time *Remember…No make up LABS! Upcoming Labs… Important Announcements Tuesday • Teachers will input grades by 5pm Thursday • Open House (4-6pm) • 25 week progress reports Standard AP 3.1 Discuss the three basic types of activity in the nervous system: sensory; decision-making and motor function. Distinguish the structures of the various functional types of neurons; diagram the structure of a neuron and explain the function of each component. Objective Explain the functions of three types of neurons; sensory, interneuron and motor. Label the structures of a neuron and explain the function of each component (part). Video: Texting and Driving Texting and Driving Facts According to the CDC (Center for Disease Control)… https://www.cdc.gov 1. Each day in the U.S, over 8 people are killed and 1,161 injured in crashes that are reported to involve a distracted driver. 2. In 2013, 3,154 people were killed in crashes involving a distracted driver. 3. In 2012, 3,328 people were killed in crashes involving a distracted driver. Texting and Driving Facts According to the CDC (Center for Disease Control)… https://www.cdc.gov Talking while driving: • 69% of drivers in the U.S. ages 18 – 64 reported that they had talked on their cell phones while driving in the past 30 days. Texting while driving: • 31% of drivers in the U.S ages 18 – 64 reported they had read or sent a text messages while driving in the past 30 days. Texting and Driving Federal Government… On September 30, 2009, President Obama issued an executive order prohibiting federal employees from texting while driving on government business or with government equipment. On September 17, 2010, the Federal Railroad Administration banned cell phone and electronic device use of employees on the job. On October 27, 2010, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration enacted a ban that prohibits commercial vehicle drivers from texting while driving. Whiteboard Activity Directions: Recorder – Write on the whiteboard. All group members are expected to discuss the opinion questions below… 1. Why do you think (opinion) the federal law prohibits texting and driving? 2. What do you think (opinion) the connections are between the dangers of texting and driving and the central nervous system (functions of the brain and spinal cord)? Use as many science words as you can! Reading: Brain and Nervous System 1. Read and annotate! 2. Answer 5 questions. *Team Leader: Remember you can… Read as a group or independently Reading: Brain and Nervous System 1. What is the main function of the nervous system? Reading: Brain and Nervous System 2. Where is the spinal cord located? Reading: Brain and Nervous System 3. What is a neuron? Reading: Brain and Nervous System 4. Sensory neurons send messages from to . Reading: Brain and Nervous System 5. Motor neurons send messages from to . Notes: The Nervous System • Turn to the next page in your notebook and glue in these pictures! FIRST, 1 THIRD, 3 SECOND, 2 Functions of the Nervous System 1. To gather information – 5 senses 2. To PROCESS information – brain and spinal cord 3. To send information or RESPOND – to muscles, glands and other organs Divisions of the Nervous System • Central Nervous System (CNS) – Brain and spinal cord (2 organs) – Main control center • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) – Nerves throughout the body – Gathers and delivers information Neurons • The basic functional unit of the nervous system. • Neurons carry information in the form of nerve impulses also known as action potentials. – Electrical & chemical signals The Structure of Neuron AXON Extension VIDEO Structure of Neuron • Dendrites – Receives chemical signals – Carries information to cell body – Many dendrites per neuron • Cell Body – Contain nucleus & organelles – Coordinates impulse The Axon – Carries information away from cell body – One axon per neuron – Covered with myelin sheath • Protective coating (Schwann cells) • Nodes of Ranvier are gaps the in the sheath • Impulses travel faster (jump from gap to gap) The Axon Terminal – Synaptic knob release neurotransmitter • Chemical signal • Neurotransmitter Checking for Understanding Questions 1. What are the functions of the nervous system? 2. Describe 1 difference between the CNS and PNS. (do not say their names!) 3. List 4 structures of a neuron. Connection to Parkinson’s Disease Read Only… Figure 1 Figure 1 is a slide of neurons with Parkinson’s Disease (Muhammad Ali and Michael J. Fox). The dark spots are an accumulation of “brain protein” also know as synucleinopathy. AXON Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/synucleinopathy Types of Neurons • Sensory neuron – Conduct nerve impulses toward the CNS – Reacts to stimuli • Interneuron – Connects sensory and motor neurons – Located in brain and spinal cord • Motor neuron – Conduct nerve impulses away from the CNS – Causes reaction in the muscles, glands and organs • Extension Video