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Nervous System What is a neuron? Neuron is a cell How many neurons are in your nervous system? PNS Peripheral Nervous System Consist of 2 components Sensory neurons Motor neurons Physiology of PNS Receives information about an environmental change, or stimulus. Examples are the following: change in temperature tap on the shoulder Sensory neurons Neurons that carry information about stimuli to the CNS-Central Nervous system How do sensory neurons detect a stimuli? Answer on next slide Sensory receptors Most stimuli are received by receptors located on the membrane of nerve cells. Integration When the CNS interprets the information from sensory neurons, integration takes place. This step involves neurons located entirely within the CNS (Brain & Spinal Cord) and between gray and white matter. Cells that interpret information are called interneurons How do signals or information transfer to other parts of the body? Motor Neurons Neurons that carry such signals away form the CNS (brain & spinal cord). Motor neurons target the following: Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle Gland to secrete a hormone e.g. S.A. node of the right atrium -bundles of nerves that detects blood pressure Peristalsis-contraction of the esophagus Gastrin- a hormone released in the stomach to aid in digestion Knee-Jerk Reflex: An Example Answer the following and place into composition book Define the two subdivisions of the nervous system, and list the nervous system’s three main function Explain how the three types of neurons are involved in a simple reflex arc. Give two examples of environmental stimuli other than those discussed in the text.