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Chapter 4 Section 1 Functions • Gather and interpret information • Respond to information as needed Central Nervous System (CNS) • Brain • Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) • All other parts of the nervous system • Nerves connecting body to CNS Neuron: a nerve cell, specialized to transfer messages • Can be very short or quite long Impulse: Message that travels along neurons in the form of electrical energy • Can be very slow or extremely fast Dendrites: branches that receive information Axon: carries the electrical impulse Axon terminal: branches that pass information to other cells Stimuli: anything that causes a change in an organism • Stimuli can be internal or external Response: reaction to the stimuli Reflex: an involuntary and almost immediate response to a stimuli Sensory neurons: use receptors to gather information from in and around your body Messages are sent to the CNS from sensory neurons for processing • Involuntary- controlled automatically by the brain • Voluntary- intentional actions controlled by the brain Motor neurons: neurons that send impulses from the CNS to other systems Nerve: multiple axons bundled with blood vessels and connective tissue to transmit information Nervous System CNS Brain Cerebrum (thinking, senses, memories, voluntary) PNS Spinal Cord Medulla (involuntary) Cerebellum (movement, balance, posture) Sensory (receive) Motor (send) Somatic (voluntary) Autonomic (involuntary) Sympathetic (fight/flight) Parasympathetic (rest & digest) Would you like to have a neurological condition where you were unable to feel pain? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z0AQ7lRCem4