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Transcript
Nervous System Nervous System • Helps you observe and react to the world around you • Neuron= cells of the nervous system Neuron Structure dendrites nucleus Myelin sheath axon axon endings Cell body Neuron Structure • Dendrites = receive impulses (messages) • Axon = send messages away • Myelin sheath = insulates axon to speed up the message 3 Neuron Types • Sensory = carry messages from the senses to the brain/spinal cord • Interneurons = in the brain and spinal cord, process the messages • Motor = carry messages to muscles Reflex Arc • The nerve pathway that consists of a sensory neuron, interneuron, & motor neuron. Nerve Impulse • Electrical charge traveling down a neuron **also called an ACTION POTENTIAL http://library.thinkquest.org/25500/emotions/media/neuron.gif Synapse • Synapse = open space between neurons • Neurotransmitter = chemical messenger released by the axon endings Organization of the Nervous System Chapter 33.2 Central Nervous System • Brain & spinal cord • Coordinates all of your bodies activities 3 Brain Divisions 1. Cerebrum -Conscious activities, intelligence, memory, language, skeletal muscle movements, senses 3 Brain Divisions 2. Cerebellum -back of brain -balance, posture, coordination 3. Medulla Oblongata -brain stem -involuntary activities Peripheral Nervous System • Sensory and motor neurons 2 Divisions of the PNS 1. Somatic Nervous System = Relays information to and from the skin and skeletal muscles **voluntary** 2 Divisions of the PNS 2. Autonomic NS = Relays info to internal organs **involuntary** a.) Sympathetic NS = in control when body is in stress (flight or fight) b.) Parasympathetic NS = in control when body is at rest
