Download Endocrine and nervous system

Chapter 35-2 and 35-3
Objectives: Students will
• A. Identify the role and parts of the nervous
system
• B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S.
• C. Compare the 3 types of neurons.
• D. Compare the two categories of motor neurons.
• E. Identify the 7 parts of the neuron and
summarize how impulses begin and continue.
• F. Summarize the relationship between the
nervous system parts.
A. Identify the role and parts of the nervous system
Main Function (Obj. A):
Controls and coordinates
functions throughout the
body and responds to
internal and external stimuli.
Create your link word and
reminder now!
Our nervous system
allows us to feel pain.
A. Identify the role and parts of the nervous system
Consists of: brain, spinal cord, and
nerves (sense organs & movement).
Can you name the 5
sense organs?
Sense Organs: Eyes, Skin, Ears, Nose & Tongue
B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S.
Out of the 3 N.S. parts, which 2 are in the middle of
your body?:
Consists of: Brain and Spinal Cord
Cerebrum
brain
Cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata
Spinal Cord
•B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S
What is peripheral vision?
Consists of: Nerves
extending from CNS
Sensory division =
messages travel from body
(sense organs = 5) to brain
Motor division = messages
travel from brain to body =
movement
.
B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S.
C. Compare the 3 types of neurons.
Peripheral N.S.
Sensory Neuron
carry impulses from
sense organs (body)
to spinal cord & brain
Fun Fact:
Where can the largest cells in the
world be found?
The giraffe’s sensory and motor
neurons! Some must bring impulses
from the bottom of their legs to their
spinal cord several meters away!!
Which is the sensory neuron pathway?
B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S.
C. Compare the 3 types of neurons.
Central N.S.
Interneuron
Which # is the interneuron?
-processes impulses in
brain and spinal cord
- connects sensory and
motor neurons
B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S.
C. Compare the 3 types of neurons. Which is the motor neuron pathway?
Peripheral N.S.
Motor Neurons
carry impulses from the
brain & spinal cord to
body
Causes body movement
like car motors make
cars move
Axon
End
Axons branching out
to muscle fibers
B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S.
C. Compare the 3 types of neurons.
Sensory
Neuron
(PNS)
Interneuron = Brain
Synapse
Synapse
Interneuron
(CNS)
Motor
Neuron
Synapse
Motor Neuron
(PNS)
Sensory
Neuron
= Body
Muscle
Contracts
= Body
B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S.
C. Compare the 3 types of neurons.
Understanding Check
Which type of neuron is responsible for each of
the following?
Which division of the nervous system is it?
1. Forehead Burn
1. Sensory = PNS
2. Stomach Cramps
2. Sensory = PNS
3. Inhaling Oxygen
3. Motor = PNS
4. Spinal Cord
4. Interneuron = CNS
5. Warm Bath
5. Sensory = PNS
6. Sweet Smell
6. Sensory = PNS
7. Leg Kick
7. Motor = PNS
8. Brain
8. Interneuron = CNS
9. Smile
9. Motor = PNS
Start-up for 5/21/15
• Create as many words as you can at least
three letters long off of the following:
NERVOUS SYSTEM DIVISIONS
B. Compare the central and peripheral N.S.
C. Compare the 3 types of neurons.
Understanding Check
Which type of neuron is responsible for each of
the following?
Which division of the nervous system is it?
1. Forehead Burn
1. Sensory = PNS
2. Stomach Cramps
2. Sensory = PNS
3. Inhaling Oxygen
3. Motor = PNS
4. Spinal Cord
4. Interneuron = CNS
5. Warm Bath
5. Sensory = PNS
6. Sweet Smell
6. Sensory = PNS
7. Leg Kick
7. Motor = PNS
8. Brain
8. Interneuron = CNS
9. Smile
9. Motor = PNS
D. Compare the two categories of motor neurons.
Autonomic or Somatic? Why?
How are motor neurons divided?
Autonomic (Of what word does this
one remind you?) =
Automatic responses internally.
Where does this happen?
Glands, blood vessels, and organs.
Somatic =
Skeletal muscle responses, visual
movement.
E. Identify the 7 parts of the neuron and summarize how impulses begin
and continue.
How are nerves
related to neurons?
A nerve is an organ
containing a bundle of
nerve cells called
neurons.
How are messages
transmitted?
Neurons carry
electrical messages
called impulses
throughout the body.
Picture shows hundreds of
severed neuron axons
E. Identify the 7 parts of the neuron and summarize how impulses begin
and continue.
1. Cell body: contains nucleus & most of the cytoplasm
2.
Nucleus: contains genetic material and controls cell’s activities.
3.
Dendrites: projections that receives impulses into the neuron to the cell
body.
4.
Axon: long projection that carries impulses away from cell body
5.
Myelin Sheath: insulating membrane surrounding the axon
6.
Nodes: impulses jump from one to the next, increases impulse speed
7.
Axon Terminals: releases neurotransmitters, chemical that transmits
impulse across a synapse
Parts of a Neuron
2
1
3
4
7
5
6
E. Identify the 7 parts of the neuron and summarize how impulses begin
and continue.
Starts from environment or another stimulated neuron
dendrite
Axon
cell body
cell
body
TYPICAL MOTOR
NEURON
synapse
muscle
tissue
E. Identify the 7 parts of the neuron and summarize how impulses begin
and continue.
Because neurons never touch, chemical
signalers called neurotransmitters must
travel through the space called synapse
between two neurons.
Neurotransmitters (pink
spheres)
Synapse (gap)
The message
is transferred
when
RECEPTORS
receive
neurotransmitters.
• Nerves work together with muscles for
movement. An impulse begins when one
neuron is stimulated by another neuron or
by the sense organs.
• The impulse travels down the axons of
Sensory neurons to the brain cells called
Interneurons.
• The brain will then send an impulse through
motor neurons to the necessary muscle or
organs, telling it to contract.
•F. Summarize the relationship between the Nervous System Parts.
Nervous
System
Central
Nervous
System
Brain
Peripheral
Nervous
System
Spinal
Cord
Sensory
(neurons)
Division
Motor
(neurons)
Division
Interneurons
Somatic
Skeletal
Muscle
Movement
Autonomic
Internal
Organ
Movement
Sight
Smell
Taste
Touch
Hearing
Understanding Check
• 1. What comprises the central nervous
system?
• 2. Name the three types of neurons.
• 3. Why do impulses occur?
• 4. What is the name of the chemical
messenger that transmits impulses across
the synapse?
• 5. What are the two divisions of the
peripheral nervous system?