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AmygdalaAlmond shaped structure in the brain’s limbic
system that encodes emotional messages to long
term storage
Attachment –
The formation of a close emotional bond
between infants or children and the adults who
regularly care for them
Axon –
The neuron’s long and unbranched fiber that
carries impulses away from the cell to the next
neuron
Brain –
The organ that controls our body’s thinking,
reasoning, memory and emotions and regulates
our balance, movements and coordination
Brain Stem –
One of the three major parts of the brain, it
receives sensory input and monitors vital
functions such as heartbeat, body temperature,
and digestion
Cell Body –
The portion of the nerve cell that contains the
nucleus but does not incorporate the dendrites
and axons
Cerebellum –
One of three major parts of the brain, it controls
sensory interpretation, thinking, and memory
Corpus Callosum –
The arched bridge of nervous tissue that
connects the two cerebral hemispheres, allowing
communication between the right and left sides
of the brain
Critical Period –
A time span when a particular part of the brain is
most apt to develop and most vulnerable to
environmental influences
Dendrite –
The branched extensions from the cell body of a
neuron that receives impulses from nearby
neurons through synaptic contacts
Frontal Lobe –
The part of the brain that is involved in critical
thinking, problem solving, planning and decision
making
Glial Cells –
Special glue cells in the brain that surround each
neuron providing support, protection, and
nourishment
Hippocampus –
A brain structure that compares new learning to
past learning and encodes information from
working memory to long-term storage
Hypothalamus –
Structure located in the forebrain that regulates
and sorts internal information
Left Hemisphere –
The half of the brain that functions to help
analyze details and think about analytical
concepts, for example math, logic and speech
Limbic System –
The structures at the base of the cerebrum that
control emotions
Midbrain –
Small area of the brain associated with vision
Myelin –
A fatty substance that surrounds and insulates a
neuron’s axon
Neural Networks –
A complex system of neurons organized into
columns that serve to process a very small part
of a brain function and are involved in
processing information, making rational
decisions and initiating behavioral responses
Neural Pathway –
A series of synapses that form a network in the
brain
Neural Pruning –
Removal of synapses that are unused
Neuron –
The basic cell making up the brain and nervous
system, consisting of a long fiber called an axon,
which transmits impulses, and many short fibers
called dendrites, which receive them
Neuroscience –
The study of the nervous system and the brain
Neurotransmitter –
Chemical produced in a neuron that carries
information in the brain
Nerve Impulse –
a wave of physical and chemical excitation along
a nerve fiber in response to a stimulus
Occipital Lobe –
Part of the brain, located at the rear of the
cerebrum, where vision is processed
Parietal Lobe –
Part of the brain located on the top of the
cerebrum that receives sensation from the body
in the form of pain, pressure, temperature, and
touch
Plasticity –
The ability of the brain to change or adapt in
response to experience
Right Hemisphere –
The half of the brain that functions to think about
abstract information like music, colors or shapes
and to synthesize experiences by giving a quick,
general sense of what is happening
Migrate –
The movement of neurons to predetermined
locations
Synapse –
The microscopic gap between the axon of one
neuron and the dendrite of another
Temporal Lobe –
Part of the brain located on the sides of the
cerebrum that is responsible for hearing, speech,
and some learning and memory
Thalamus –
Forebrain structure, part of the limbic system,
that sorts incoming information and coordinates
body movements and sensations
Right Hemisphere –
The half of the brain that functions to think about
abstract information like music, colors or shapes
and to synthesize experiences by giving a quick,
general sense of what is happening
Plasticity –
The ability of the brain to change or adapt in
response to experience
Parietal Lobe –
Part of the brain located on the top of the
cerebrum that receives sensation from the body
in the form of pain, pressure, temperature, and
touch
Neurotransmitter –
Chemical produced in a neuron that carries
information in the brain
Nerve Impulse –
a wave of physical and chemical excitation along
a nerve fiber in response to a stimulus
Occipital Lobe –
Part of the brain, located at the rear of the
cerebrum, where vision is processed
Neuron –
The basic cell making up the brain and nervous
system, consisting of a long fiber called an axon,
which transmits impulses, and many short fibers
called dendrites, which receive them
Neuroscience –
The study of the nervous system and the brain
Neural Pathway –
A series of synapses that form a network in the
brain
Myelin –
A fatty substance that surrounds and insulates a
neuron’s axon
Limbic System –
The structures at the base of the cerebrum that
control emotions
Left Hemisphere –
The half of the brain that functions to help
analyze details and think about analytical
concepts, for example math, logic and speech
Hypothalamus –
Structure located in the forebrain that regulates
and sorts internal information
Hippocampus –
A brain structure that compares new learning to
past learning and encodes information from
working memory to long-term storage
Neuron –
The basic cell making up the brain and nervous
system, consisting of a long fiber called an axon,
which transmits impulses, and many short fibers
called dendrites, which receive them
Dendrite –
The branched extensions from the cell body of a
neuron that receives impulses from nearby
neurons through synaptic contacts
Frontal Lobe –
The part of the brain that is involved in critical
thinking, problem solving, planning and decision
making
Glial Cells –
Special glue cells in the brain that surround each
neuron providing support, protection, and
nourishment
Cerebellum –
One of three major parts of the brain, it controls
sensory interpretation, thinking, and memory
Corpus Callosum –
The arched bridge of nervous tissue that
connects the two cerebral hemispheres, allowing
communication between the right and left sides
of the brain
Critical Period –
A time span when a particular part of the brain is
most apt to develop and most vulnerable to
environmental influences
Brain –
The organ that controls our body’s thinking,
reasoning, memory and emotions and regulates
our balance, movements and coordination
Brain Stem –
One of the three major parts of the brain, it
receives sensory input and monitors vital
functions such as heartbeat, body temperature,
and digestion
Cell Body –
The portion of the nerve cell that contains the
nucleus but does not incorporate the dendrites
and axons
AmygdalaAlmond shaped structure in the brain’s limbic
system that encodes emotional messages to long
term storage
Attachment –
The formation of a close emotional bond
between infants or children and the adults who
regularly care for them
Axon –
The neuron’s long and unbranched fiber that
carries impulses away from the cell to the next
neuron