final exam review
... ____ 144. Symphysis: a. Bifurcation b. Symptoms occur together c. Living organisms grow together for mutual benefit d. Bones grow together, as in the pelvis e. Synthesis of substances ____ 145. Ultrasonography: a. X-ray recording of sound waves b. Amniocentesis c. Sound waves and echoes are used to ...
... ____ 144. Symphysis: a. Bifurcation b. Symptoms occur together c. Living organisms grow together for mutual benefit d. Bones grow together, as in the pelvis e. Synthesis of substances ____ 145. Ultrasonography: a. X-ray recording of sound waves b. Amniocentesis c. Sound waves and echoes are used to ...
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Reelin Signaling in the Adult
... dissertation, we describe recent attempts by our lab to elucidate cellular mechanisms of Reelin signaling in the adult brain. To do this, we generated two conditional knockout mutants that lack the obligate downstream adaptor protein, Disabled-1 (Dab1), specifically in postnatal excitatory neurons ( ...
... dissertation, we describe recent attempts by our lab to elucidate cellular mechanisms of Reelin signaling in the adult brain. To do this, we generated two conditional knockout mutants that lack the obligate downstream adaptor protein, Disabled-1 (Dab1), specifically in postnatal excitatory neurons ( ...
A tale of two stories: astrocyte regulation of
... astrocytes – the main type of glial cells in the hippocampus and the cortex [16-18] – together with the discovery of two-way astrocyte-neuron communication [19, 20], suggest an active role of these cells in modulation of synaptic transmission and information processing in the brain ...
... astrocytes – the main type of glial cells in the hippocampus and the cortex [16-18] – together with the discovery of two-way astrocyte-neuron communication [19, 20], suggest an active role of these cells in modulation of synaptic transmission and information processing in the brain ...
2017
... My laboratory has employed a variety of anatomical and physiological methods to elucidate auditory function. In this talk, I will very briefly touch upon a few examples of how we have applied these methodologies at several levels of the auditory system. We have (among others) examined structure/func ...
... My laboratory has employed a variety of anatomical and physiological methods to elucidate auditory function. In this talk, I will very briefly touch upon a few examples of how we have applied these methodologies at several levels of the auditory system. We have (among others) examined structure/func ...
Organization of brainstem nuclei
... Following the original suggestion of Paxinos and Huang (1995), we also acknowledge that the radial arrangement of the human caudal hindbrain with reference to the fourth ventricle (as King, 1980, proposed for the cat) is more tenable than the “quilt” pattern proposed by Olszewski and Baxter (1954). ...
... Following the original suggestion of Paxinos and Huang (1995), we also acknowledge that the radial arrangement of the human caudal hindbrain with reference to the fourth ventricle (as King, 1980, proposed for the cat) is more tenable than the “quilt” pattern proposed by Olszewski and Baxter (1954). ...
Propagation of tau pathology in Alzheimer`s disease
... (CSF) [30] and interstitial fluid (ISF) [31]. Tau is present in the CSF of both healthy and AD individuals, whereby changes in tau concentrations and phosphorylation state are observed in AD and might be useful as a disease biomarker (for review, see [32]). However, the presence of tau in the CSF of ...
... (CSF) [30] and interstitial fluid (ISF) [31]. Tau is present in the CSF of both healthy and AD individuals, whereby changes in tau concentrations and phosphorylation state are observed in AD and might be useful as a disease biomarker (for review, see [32]). However, the presence of tau in the CSF of ...
REM Sleep - Test Page
... However, to a surprising extent this is not the case. As I review later, REM sleep reappears within hours after some of these lesions. When both parts of the brain remain, signs usually appear on only one side of the cut. This kind of positive evidence is much more easily interpreted than loss of fu ...
... However, to a surprising extent this is not the case. As I review later, REM sleep reappears within hours after some of these lesions. When both parts of the brain remain, signs usually appear on only one side of the cut. This kind of positive evidence is much more easily interpreted than loss of fu ...
A decade of the anaphase-promoting complex in the nervous system
... Kramer et al. 2000). Characterization of the functions and regulation of Cdh1–APC and Cdc20–APC in dividing cells has provided invaluable clues for our understanding of the novel functions and mechanisms of the anaphasepromoting complex in the nervous system. Identification of functions of the anaph ...
... Kramer et al. 2000). Characterization of the functions and regulation of Cdh1–APC and Cdc20–APC in dividing cells has provided invaluable clues for our understanding of the novel functions and mechanisms of the anaphasepromoting complex in the nervous system. Identification of functions of the anaph ...
Implication of novel neurotransmitter systems in the regulation of
... the olfactory placodes (9) and migrate to their final location during the embryonic life. In addition to these data from mice, results of other experiments performed in chicks (10), rhesus macaques (11), rats (12) and humans (13) indicate that the olfactory origin of GnRH neurons is a general phenom ...
... the olfactory placodes (9) and migrate to their final location during the embryonic life. In addition to these data from mice, results of other experiments performed in chicks (10), rhesus macaques (11), rats (12) and humans (13) indicate that the olfactory origin of GnRH neurons is a general phenom ...
Study Guides/Part_11
... Retinal blur is also a major driving input through cross-links between the accommodation and disparity-vergence systems The vergence generated monocularly by accommodation is called accommodative vergence The accommodation generated by vergence while the accommodation system is in open loop is calle ...
... Retinal blur is also a major driving input through cross-links between the accommodation and disparity-vergence systems The vergence generated monocularly by accommodation is called accommodative vergence The accommodation generated by vergence while the accommodation system is in open loop is calle ...
elsevier second proof - Michigan State University
... Wachowiak and Cohen, 2003; Wachowiak et al., 2002). Nevertheless, the olfactory bulb does not appear to contain a simple map in which an odorant can be identified by the location of the glomeruli that are stimulated; instead, temporal features of the response also play an important role in odorant r ...
... Wachowiak and Cohen, 2003; Wachowiak et al., 2002). Nevertheless, the olfactory bulb does not appear to contain a simple map in which an odorant can be identified by the location of the glomeruli that are stimulated; instead, temporal features of the response also play an important role in odorant r ...
Organization of the Olfactory and Respiratory Skeleton in the Nose
... turbinals, which in Monodelphis comprise the maxilloturbinal, nasoturbinal, five endoturbinals, and two ectoturbinals. Geometry of the ethmoid increases respiratory mucosal surface area by a factor of six and olfactory mucosal surface by nearly an order of magnitude. Respiratory epithelium warms and ...
... turbinals, which in Monodelphis comprise the maxilloturbinal, nasoturbinal, five endoturbinals, and two ectoturbinals. Geometry of the ethmoid increases respiratory mucosal surface area by a factor of six and olfactory mucosal surface by nearly an order of magnitude. Respiratory epithelium warms and ...
A Novel Functionally Distinct Subtype of Striatal Neuropeptide Y
... and 0.5% Triton X-100 for 4 –5 h at room temperature. Sections were then incubated in polyclonal antibody against NPY (1:1000; rabbit antineuropeptide Y; ImmunoStar; 22940), SOM (1:1000; rabbit anti-somatostatin; ImmunoStar; 20067), or NOS (1:1000; goat anti-neuronal nitric oxide synthase; Abcam; Ab ...
... and 0.5% Triton X-100 for 4 –5 h at room temperature. Sections were then incubated in polyclonal antibody against NPY (1:1000; rabbit antineuropeptide Y; ImmunoStar; 22940), SOM (1:1000; rabbit anti-somatostatin; ImmunoStar; 20067), or NOS (1:1000; goat anti-neuronal nitric oxide synthase; Abcam; Ab ...
Theta Modulation in the Medial and the Lateral Entorhinal Cortices
... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
Module 10 - Neuronal Signalling
... ends of the neuron. Specific attention will be focused on the operation of neural circuits in regions such as the hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum and the respiratory centre in the brainstem. Neural circuits are established during development and remain relatively constant throughout adult life. The ...
... ends of the neuron. Specific attention will be focused on the operation of neural circuits in regions such as the hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum and the respiratory centre in the brainstem. Neural circuits are established during development and remain relatively constant throughout adult life. The ...
Ear manipulations help model neuroplasticity limitations
... 2) Can inner ear afferents find their targets in the hindbrain if they enter through a different cranial nerve or enter into a foreign territory? 3) What mechanisms do inner ear afferents use to find their targets in the hindbrain? 4) How will alteration of afferent input, either by ear removal or a ...
... 2) Can inner ear afferents find their targets in the hindbrain if they enter through a different cranial nerve or enter into a foreign territory? 3) What mechanisms do inner ear afferents use to find their targets in the hindbrain? 4) How will alteration of afferent input, either by ear removal or a ...
The circadian visual system, 2005
... flashes, each only 10 μs long, suggests otherwise (Arvanitogiannis and Amir, 1999). Each such series effectively induces FOS-IR in the SCN and yields 75 min phase shifts when delivered to rats at CT13. Thus, the fact of a light-induced phase shift may be separable from the process of “integration.” ...
... flashes, each only 10 μs long, suggests otherwise (Arvanitogiannis and Amir, 1999). Each such series effectively induces FOS-IR in the SCN and yields 75 min phase shifts when delivered to rats at CT13. Thus, the fact of a light-induced phase shift may be separable from the process of “integration.” ...
Neocortical Very Fast Oscillations (Ripples, 80–200 Hz) During
... In a previous study, we have analyzed the presence of neocortical ripples (80 –200 Hz) during natural states of vigilance and under some anesthetics and have shown that these oscillations coincide with increased neuronal depolarization and firing in all types of neocortical neurons (Grenier et al. 2 ...
... In a previous study, we have analyzed the presence of neocortical ripples (80 –200 Hz) during natural states of vigilance and under some anesthetics and have shown that these oscillations coincide with increased neuronal depolarization and firing in all types of neocortical neurons (Grenier et al. 2 ...
The Olfactory System - Tim J. van Hartevelt
... Thirdly, olfactory receptor neurons exhibit significant turnover throughout life. Olfactory neurons have a short life span averaging approximately 30–60 days. They are constantly replaced by mitotic division of the basal stem cell population in the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory receptors are t ...
... Thirdly, olfactory receptor neurons exhibit significant turnover throughout life. Olfactory neurons have a short life span averaging approximately 30–60 days. They are constantly replaced by mitotic division of the basal stem cell population in the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory receptors are t ...
Intrinsic Connections of Macaque of Cells Outside Lamina 4c` Striate
... of *Ophthalmology and $Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, of Anatomy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710 ...
... of *Ophthalmology and $Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, of Anatomy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710 ...
as Adobe PDF - Edinburgh Research Explorer
... as projecting to the posterior pituitary but which did not participate in this bursting activity could ...
... as projecting to the posterior pituitary but which did not participate in this bursting activity could ...
Kir2 potassium channels in rat striatum are strategically
... All potassium channels require a tetrameric arrangement of four P-regions to make up a K+-selective filter. In contrast to the tetrameric association formed by the assembly of four 1P channel subunits in the plasma membrane3, the 4TM/2P type only needs to dimerize to construct a pore. The structural ...
... All potassium channels require a tetrameric arrangement of four P-regions to make up a K+-selective filter. In contrast to the tetrameric association formed by the assembly of four 1P channel subunits in the plasma membrane3, the 4TM/2P type only needs to dimerize to construct a pore. The structural ...
Article - Perelman School of Medicine at the University of
... therefore, has a characteristic combinatorial expression of the transcription factors SOX5, CTIP2, and TBR1: (1) SP neurons express an intermediate level of SOX5, a high level of TBR1, and a low level of CTIP2; (2) CTh neurons in layer VI strongly express SOX5 and TBR1 and little CTIP2; and (3) subc ...
... therefore, has a characteristic combinatorial expression of the transcription factors SOX5, CTIP2, and TBR1: (1) SP neurons express an intermediate level of SOX5, a high level of TBR1, and a low level of CTIP2; (2) CTh neurons in layer VI strongly express SOX5 and TBR1 and little CTIP2; and (3) subc ...
Subventricular zone
The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. It is composed of four distinct layers of variable thickness and cell density, as well as cellular composition. Along with the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the SVZ is one of two places where neurogenesis has been found to occur in the adult mammalian brain.