Chapter 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses
... 5. Prior to the work of Santiago Ramon y Cajal, what did many investigators believe? a. Nerves conducted impulses at the speed of light. b. Transmission across a synapse was just as fast as transmission along an axon. c. The tip of an axon physically merged with the next neuron. d. All neurons were ...
... 5. Prior to the work of Santiago Ramon y Cajal, what did many investigators believe? a. Nerves conducted impulses at the speed of light. b. Transmission across a synapse was just as fast as transmission along an axon. c. The tip of an axon physically merged with the next neuron. d. All neurons were ...
A transcription factor network controls cell migration
... The relative numbers of neuronal cell types produced during pineal complex development are very consistent across embryos, suggesting the existence of a robust molecular mechanism that governs cell specification in the pineal complex. Indeed, within the pineal organ, BMP and Notch activities regulat ...
... The relative numbers of neuronal cell types produced during pineal complex development are very consistent across embryos, suggesting the existence of a robust molecular mechanism that governs cell specification in the pineal complex. Indeed, within the pineal organ, BMP and Notch activities regulat ...
Activity dynamics and behavioral correlates of CA3 and CA1
... Kesner, 2006). However, whether such differences arise from intrinsic properties of single cells or circuit effects is not well understood. Previous single cell studies failed to find reliable regional differences (O’Keefe and Speakman, 1987; Bostock et al., 1991; Tanila, 1999; Knierim, 2002; Paz-Vil ...
... Kesner, 2006). However, whether such differences arise from intrinsic properties of single cells or circuit effects is not well understood. Previous single cell studies failed to find reliable regional differences (O’Keefe and Speakman, 1987; Bostock et al., 1991; Tanila, 1999; Knierim, 2002; Paz-Vil ...
amygdala projections to central amygdaloid nucleus subdivisions
... startle to aversive stimuli (Kapp et al., 1979; Hitchcock and Davis, 1991; Liang et al., 1992; Campeau and Davis, 1995; Salinas et al., 1996; Killcross et al., 1997; Kalin et al., 2001). However, recent studies using reversible inactivation of the CeN also indicate a role in fear learning (Samson et ...
... startle to aversive stimuli (Kapp et al., 1979; Hitchcock and Davis, 1991; Liang et al., 1992; Campeau and Davis, 1995; Salinas et al., 1996; Killcross et al., 1997; Kalin et al., 2001). However, recent studies using reversible inactivation of the CeN also indicate a role in fear learning (Samson et ...
Reuss 9..48
... was studied, is presently unknown. In parentheses, it should be noted that a number of methodical parameters render it difficult to draw final conclusions on certain aspects of SCN morphology. For example, day-night differences in the expression of neuroactive substances may not or only inadequately ...
... was studied, is presently unknown. In parentheses, it should be noted that a number of methodical parameters render it difficult to draw final conclusions on certain aspects of SCN morphology. For example, day-night differences in the expression of neuroactive substances may not or only inadequately ...
Sorting and convergence of primary olfactory axons are
... localised? Recent analyses of mice with a reduced complement of mitral cells have suggested that these postsynaptic neurons are not involved in the sorting and convergence of primary olfactory axons to their topographic targets (Bulfone et al., 1998). However, it was unclear whether cues present on ...
... localised? Recent analyses of mice with a reduced complement of mitral cells have suggested that these postsynaptic neurons are not involved in the sorting and convergence of primary olfactory axons to their topographic targets (Bulfone et al., 1998). However, it was unclear whether cues present on ...
Why Are Olfactory Systems of Different Animals So Similar?
... groups, and their dendrites project to a dense olfactory epithelium at the tip of the tentacle. The axons of most of these cells project a short distance into regions associated with the tentacle ganglion [Chase and Tolloczko, 1993]. In Caenorhabditis elegans, olfactory receptor neurons are found i ...
... groups, and their dendrites project to a dense olfactory epithelium at the tip of the tentacle. The axons of most of these cells project a short distance into regions associated with the tentacle ganglion [Chase and Tolloczko, 1993]. In Caenorhabditis elegans, olfactory receptor neurons are found i ...
The multifunctional lateral geniculate nucleus
... axons segregate as they enter the LGN by eye and functional group,1 often forming layers, and (3) retinal axons terminate in discrete, orderly clusters forming the basis for a topographic (‘retinotopic’) map of the contralateral visual field (with receptive fields similar to retina in size and respo ...
... axons segregate as they enter the LGN by eye and functional group,1 often forming layers, and (3) retinal axons terminate in discrete, orderly clusters forming the basis for a topographic (‘retinotopic’) map of the contralateral visual field (with receptive fields similar to retina in size and respo ...
Glycemic State Regulates Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
... During a time when role models seem to become rarer and rarer, I‟ve had the privilege of learning from one of the best, Professor Alastair Ferguson. Thank you Al, not only for ironing out the rough edges of my research every step of the way, but also for teaching me the importance of balance in my l ...
... During a time when role models seem to become rarer and rarer, I‟ve had the privilege of learning from one of the best, Professor Alastair Ferguson. Thank you Al, not only for ironing out the rough edges of my research every step of the way, but also for teaching me the importance of balance in my l ...
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the development of epilepsy
... Abstract Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases, but our understanding of the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying it remains incomplete. Several pathological changes typically occur in the epileptic brain, including neuronal loss, neurogenesis, neurite growth, and ...
... Abstract Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases, but our understanding of the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying it remains incomplete. Several pathological changes typically occur in the epileptic brain, including neuronal loss, neurogenesis, neurite growth, and ...
Number, Density, and Surface/Cytoplasmic
... His6– GFP fluorescent intensity before and after the gel was polymerized using a fluorometer and found no changes (data not shown). This agrees with a previously published paper that characterized GFP in polyacrylamide gels (Dickson et al., 1997). E xposing the GFP-beads to 4% paraformaldehyde, pH 8 ...
... His6– GFP fluorescent intensity before and after the gel was polymerized using a fluorometer and found no changes (data not shown). This agrees with a previously published paper that characterized GFP in polyacrylamide gels (Dickson et al., 1997). E xposing the GFP-beads to 4% paraformaldehyde, pH 8 ...
Dynamics of sensory thalamocortical synaptic networks during
... compelling questions in neuroscience. Central to information processing, are neural networks that interconnect the thalamus and the neocortex. Rather than being static, these neural pathways are highly dynamic and modifiable on a moment to moment basis. These dynamic changes occur in response to beh ...
... compelling questions in neuroscience. Central to information processing, are neural networks that interconnect the thalamus and the neocortex. Rather than being static, these neural pathways are highly dynamic and modifiable on a moment to moment basis. These dynamic changes occur in response to beh ...
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)
... discovery of the cortical cells By 1970s, found that other regions of the brain are also involved in vision. Cells that respond to far more complex stimuli ...
... discovery of the cortical cells By 1970s, found that other regions of the brain are also involved in vision. Cells that respond to far more complex stimuli ...
Mice Lacking M1 and M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Have
... associative odor-learning task, learning to discriminate odors at a slower rate, indicating that both short and long-term memory is disrupted by mAChR dysfunction. Interestingly, the KO mice exhibited decreased olfactory neurogenesis at younger ages, a deficit that was not maintained in older animal ...
... associative odor-learning task, learning to discriminate odors at a slower rate, indicating that both short and long-term memory is disrupted by mAChR dysfunction. Interestingly, the KO mice exhibited decreased olfactory neurogenesis at younger ages, a deficit that was not maintained in older animal ...
The subfornical organ: A central nervous system site for actions of
... energy stores and acute energy balance. Circulating leptin decreases food intake and increases energy expenditure through activation of receptors in hypothalamic and brain stem neurons (16) . The leptin receptor, encoded by the Ob-R gene, was isolated from choroid plexus by expression cloning and is ...
... energy stores and acute energy balance. Circulating leptin decreases food intake and increases energy expenditure through activation of receptors in hypothalamic and brain stem neurons (16) . The leptin receptor, encoded by the Ob-R gene, was isolated from choroid plexus by expression cloning and is ...
TDP-43 is intercellularly transmitted across axon terminals
... We developed a protein complementation technique to quantify TDP-43 dimers/oligomers in living cells. To this end, TDP-43 was fused to the nonbioluminescent N- or C-terminal halves of the humanized Gaussia princeps luciferase (constructs named TDP-L1 and TDP-L2, respectively). G. princeps luciferase ...
... We developed a protein complementation technique to quantify TDP-43 dimers/oligomers in living cells. To this end, TDP-43 was fused to the nonbioluminescent N- or C-terminal halves of the humanized Gaussia princeps luciferase (constructs named TDP-L1 and TDP-L2, respectively). G. princeps luciferase ...
Chapter 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses
... 5. Prior to the work of Santiago Ramon y Cajal, what did many investigators believe? a. Nerves conducted impulses at the speed of light. b. Transmission across a synapse was just as fast as transmission along an axon. c. The tip of an axon physically merged with the next neuron. d. All neurons were ...
... 5. Prior to the work of Santiago Ramon y Cajal, what did many investigators believe? a. Nerves conducted impulses at the speed of light. b. Transmission across a synapse was just as fast as transmission along an axon. c. The tip of an axon physically merged with the next neuron. d. All neurons were ...
Projections from the brain to the spinal cord in the mouse Huazheng
... In MVe, most of the labeled neurons were concentrated in the magnocellular part (MVeMC); only a small number of neurons were located in the parvicellular part (MVePC). Trigeminal nucleus A few labeled neurons were found in the dorsomedial (Pr5DM) and ventrolateral (Pr5VL) parts of the principal sens ...
... In MVe, most of the labeled neurons were concentrated in the magnocellular part (MVeMC); only a small number of neurons were located in the parvicellular part (MVePC). Trigeminal nucleus A few labeled neurons were found in the dorsomedial (Pr5DM) and ventrolateral (Pr5VL) parts of the principal sens ...
The Morphology of Physiologically Identified GABAergic Neurons in
... nature. However, the overall morphology of the axons of reticular nucleus cells is still known only from the old Golgi studies, and the concept has developed that they are specifically distributed only to the dorsal thalamic nucleus with which they are functionally related (Hale et al., 1982) rather ...
... nature. However, the overall morphology of the axons of reticular nucleus cells is still known only from the old Golgi studies, and the concept has developed that they are specifically distributed only to the dorsal thalamic nucleus with which they are functionally related (Hale et al., 1982) rather ...
... receptor (p75 ), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF) superfamily. Neurotrophins are under current investigation for their involvement in physiological and pathological conditions. Previously published literature points them out as promising therapeutic agents. In this thesis, an imm ...
Andrea Kádár
... Thyroid hormones regulate the TRH synthesis of hypophysiotropic neurons by negative feedback regulation. OATP1C1, the predominant thyroid hormone transporter molecule through the BBB is highly specific for thyroxine (T4), but not for triiodithyronine (T3), the active form of thyroid hormones. Theref ...
... Thyroid hormones regulate the TRH synthesis of hypophysiotropic neurons by negative feedback regulation. OATP1C1, the predominant thyroid hormone transporter molecule through the BBB is highly specific for thyroxine (T4), but not for triiodithyronine (T3), the active form of thyroid hormones. Theref ...
Subventricular zone
The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. It is composed of four distinct layers of variable thickness and cell density, as well as cellular composition. Along with the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the SVZ is one of two places where neurogenesis has been found to occur in the adult mammalian brain.