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Electroencephalography - Department of Computational and
Electroencephalography - Department of Computational and

... from the currents within a single dendritic spine to the relatively gross potentials that the EEG records from the scalp, much the same way that economics can be studied from the level of a single individual's personal finances to the macro-economics of nations. Neurons, or nerve cells, are electric ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a description and preliminary
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a description and preliminary

... The National Museum of Health and Medicine has an interest in providing appropriate curation for such materials and related items in order to achieve that potential. For the first time, the photographs that have recently come to light permit detailed identifications of sulci and other features of th ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a

... The National Museum of Health and Medicine has an interest in providing appropriate curation for such materials and related items in order to achieve that potential. For the first time, the photographs that have recently come to light permit detailed identifications of sulci and other features of th ...
1
1

... characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Converging data from different studies point to ADHD abnormalities in fronto-striatal circuits. Structural neuroimaging studies partially support fronto-striatal abnormalities and suggest an important role of the cerebellum. Ho ...
Cerebral cortical hypoplasia with abnormal morphology of pyramidal
Cerebral cortical hypoplasia with abnormal morphology of pyramidal

... The purpose of this study was to quantitatively characterize structural abnormalities of the cerebrum in a growth-retarded mouse (grt/grt) with a tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2 gene defect. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) images were obtained from fixed brains of male homogenous grt/gr ...
Document
Document

... S staining. We observed a clearance of BIN1 within the area of neurofibrillary tangles stained by Thioflavin S (Figure E). A number of Iba-1 positive microglia were found near the tangles but they were negative for BIN1 immunostaining. These results from immunofluorescence labeling are in agreement ...
Specialized Elements of Orbitofrontal Cortex in Primates
Specialized Elements of Orbitofrontal Cortex in Primates

... which vary among areas and give each area its unique architectonic signature. Architectonic differences can be seen in Nissl-stained sections, which show all neurons, or in tissue stained for markers that label distinct groups of pyramidal neurons or inhibitory interneurons (e.g., Ref. 3). The finge ...


... meet criteria for the disorder during their teenage years. Volumetric studies in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have consistently found global reductions of total brain volume with frontalstriatal regions, cerebellum and parieto-temporal regions particularly affected r ...
Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions
Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions

... Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions related to psychiatric disorders Albert Batalla Cases ...


... studies have shown that addiction alters the dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic circuitry of self-control and incentive salience to subserve the transition from voluntary drug use to habitual, compulsive drug abuse. Some have analysed if cocaine alterations are associated with consumption patterns, effe ...
From movement to thought: Anatomic substrates of the cerebellar
From movement to thought: Anatomic substrates of the cerebellar

... disturbances. But, if more critical studies were made, it perhaps might be easy, in some instances at least, to pick u p the subtle differences that must distinguish these cerebellar cases from the normal. It is tempting, for example, to believe . . . that there is some subtle influence exerted on t ...
Dipole Localization - Home
Dipole Localization - Home

... activity with MRI scans to better pinpoint the location of the activity within the brain, so the biomedical developers use patient's MRI images and EEG signals within a software program that determine the brain activity accurately, this program will confirm the neurosurgeons diagnosis. This book pro ...
A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia
A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia

... After more than 100 years of research, the neuropathology of schizophrenia remains unknown and this is despite the fact that both Kraepelin (1919/1971: Kraepelin, E., 1919/1971. Dementia praecox. Churchill Livingston Inc., New York) and Bleuler (1911/1950: Bleuler, E., 1911/1950. Dementia praecox or ...
Travis, F.T. and Arenander, A. (2006). Cross-Sectional
Travis, F.T. and Arenander, A. (2006). Cross-Sectional

... et al., 1981; Travis, et al., 2002) ; (2) rises to high levels in the first minute of TM practice and continues at these high levels throughout the practice (Travis, et al., 1999); and (3) is higher during eyes-open tasks in subjects with more years TM practice (Levine, 1976; Travis, et al., 2002). ...
Wager, T. D., Kang, J., Johnson, T. D., Nichols, T. E., Satpute, A. B.
Wager, T. D., Kang, J., Johnson, T. D., Nichols, T. E., Satpute, A. B.

... Recently, studies have begun to take a pattern-based view, using multivariate pattern analyses to ‘decode’ affective and emotional experiences [14–18] and related affective psychopathology [19–21]. For example, in an innovative recent study, Kassam and colleagues [14] identified patterns of fMRI act ...
Resting-state Functional mR imaging
Resting-state Functional mR imaging

... drugs. Though the acquisition and analysis methods are still evolving, new disease insights are emerging in a variety of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The default mode network is affected in Alzheimer disease and various other diseases of cognitive impairment. Alterations in RSNs have been i ...
Subregions of the human superior frontal gyrus and their connections
Subregions of the human superior frontal gyrus and their connections

... tractography. The SFGam was anatomically connected with the anterior and mid-cingulate cortices, which are critical nodes of the cognitive control network and the default mode network (DMN). The SFGdl was connected with the middle and inferior frontal gyri, which are involved in the cognitive execut ...
Paper
Paper

... the white matter of the parietal operculum overlying the lateral sulcus, as shown in Figure 1. This is not observed in marmosets, but is present in macaques (Baizer, 2014) and humans, though the functional significance and cortical connectivity of this region remain poorly characterized. Definition ...
Somatosensory cortex functional connectivity
Somatosensory cortex functional connectivity

... well to early somatosensory cortex (Jamali and Ross, 2012). It consists of phase locking at the stimulus frequency, along with additional components of the response that manifest as phase locking at integer multiples of the stimulus frequency generated locally in the cortex (Langdon et al., 2011). T ...
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,

... humans holds a privileged position within the nervous system with regard to thought and reason. This view stems, in part, from the classic neurological literature which has provided evidence that the frontal cortex, and its anterior (prefrontal) component, in particular, has a role in cognitive proc ...
[PDF]
[PDF]

... regions during task conditions relative to a resting baseline. Given the nature of the fMRI signal and the potential sources of error, initial concerns arose that these deactivations were spurious [11,12]. Two decades later, there is compelling evidence that nearly every cognitive task involves the ...
View PDF - Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
View PDF - Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences

... In a recent comparison of IL and PL projections in the rat, we showed that, with a few exceptions, PL and IL distribute differently throughout the brain (Vertes, 2004). These differential patterns of projections are summarized in Fig. 1. As illustrated (Fig. 1), IL distributes significantly to: (1) ...
Different representations of pleasant and unpleasant odours in the
Different representations of pleasant and unpleasant odours in the

... pleasantness vs. unpleasantness. A recent functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging (fMRI) study (Anderson et al., 2003) found that activation of the amygdala was associated with intensity and of the orbitofrontal cortex with the valence of two odours, but only two different odours (citral and vale ...
ORGANIZATION OF CORTICAL AFFERENTS TO THE FRONTAL
ORGANIZATION OF CORTICAL AFFERENTS TO THE FRONTAL

... anterior rhinal (sRha) sulci. This aggregation of labeled cell was continued more caudally around the sylvian sulcus (sS). But in the depth of sylvian sulcus, as well as on the surface of the anterior part of sylvian gyrus (S), the cells were most densely packed. The cortical region situated close t ...
365 Brainy Fact-A
365 Brainy Fact-A

... (Architeuthis dux). ...
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Neuroscience and intelligence

Neuroscience and intelligence refers to the various neurological factors that are partly responsible for the variation of intelligence within a species or between different species. A large amount of research in this area has been focused on the neural basis of human intelligence. Historic approaches to study the neuroscience of intelligence consisted of correlating external head parameters, for example head circumference, to intelligence. Post-mortem measures of brain weight and brain volume have also been used. More recent methodologies focus on examining correlates of intelligence within the living brain using techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), Electroencephalography (EEG), Positron emission tomography and other non-invasive measures of brain structure and activity.Researchers have been able to identify correlates of intelligence within the Brain and its functioning. These include overall brain volume, grey matter volume, white matter volume, white matter integrity, cortical thickness and Neural Efficiency. Although the evidence base for our understanding of the neural basis of human intelligence has increased greatly over the past 30 years, even more research is needed to fully understand it.The neural basis of intelligence has also been examined in animals such as primates, cetaceans and rodents.
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