* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Nervous System
Embodied language processing wikipedia , lookup
Time perception wikipedia , lookup
Mirror neuron wikipedia , lookup
Activity-dependent plasticity wikipedia , lookup
Synaptogenesis wikipedia , lookup
Multielectrode array wikipedia , lookup
Cognitive neuroscience wikipedia , lookup
Neurotransmitter wikipedia , lookup
Embodied cognitive science wikipedia , lookup
Haemodynamic response wikipedia , lookup
Biological neuron model wikipedia , lookup
Caridoid escape reaction wikipedia , lookup
Brain Rules wikipedia , lookup
Axon guidance wikipedia , lookup
Neuroplasticity wikipedia , lookup
Endocannabinoid system wikipedia , lookup
Neuropsychology wikipedia , lookup
Neuroethology wikipedia , lookup
Holonomic brain theory wikipedia , lookup
Neural coding wikipedia , lookup
Single-unit recording wikipedia , lookup
Psychoneuroimmunology wikipedia , lookup
Central pattern generator wikipedia , lookup
Premovement neuronal activity wikipedia , lookup
Molecular neuroscience wikipedia , lookup
Evoked potential wikipedia , lookup
Neural engineering wikipedia , lookup
Synaptic gating wikipedia , lookup
Development of the nervous system wikipedia , lookup
Metastability in the brain wikipedia , lookup
Clinical neurochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Optogenetics wikipedia , lookup
Circumventricular organs wikipedia , lookup
Feature detection (nervous system) wikipedia , lookup
Nervous system network models wikipedia , lookup
Channelrhodopsin wikipedia , lookup
Neuropsychopharmacology wikipedia , lookup
Neuroregeneration wikipedia , lookup
Cells & Systems The Nervous System The Nervous System I wonder if IT BURNS!! that’s hot? • The system that constantly monitors and responds the stimuli (stimulus) around you … • Stimuli your body can respond to … (Internal or External) - Temperature - Sound - Light - Body Chemistry - Pressure - Dangers Neurons • Nervous system is mostly one type of tissue – Nervous Tissue • This tissue is made up entirely of specialized cells called neurons – Brain, spinal cord, nerves = nervous tissue • Job of a neuron? – Send and receive messages Neurons - Photos Neurons Cont … • A neuron receives messages from small branches called dendrites • The incoming messages pass from dendrite to cell body itself to the axon • The axon trails off the cell and connects to the neighbouring cells dendrites Slice of brain • We have electrical transmission! (hippocampus) Axon Dendrite Cell Body Neurons Cont … System Organization • Two main divisions • The Central Nervous System – Brain – Spinal Cord • The Peripheral Nervous System – Cranial Nerves – Spinal Nerves Side Topic – Not to Study! • How does your brain work … in lobes (zones) Nervous System – The Real Deal The Peripheral Nervous System • Consists of two types of neurons • Sensory Neurons – Information from body central nervous system • Motor Neurons – From central nervous system muscles/organs • But wait! We can split this system even more! The Peripheral Nervous System Cont … • The PNS has conscious & unconscious control • Somatic Nervous System – You hear a sound … to look or not to look? – Conscious/Voluntary – you are in control • Autonomic Nervous System – Adjust pupil size to light (let’s prove that one), heart rate when exercising – Unconscious control – body just does it Nervous System Graph … Helps for study! The Central Nervous System • We constantly receive stimuli from the outside world: sights, sounds, smells, feel, etc … • Taking in all the stimuli and reacting to it • The brain is generally (very, very generally) divided into 3 main sections – Cerebrum – Cerebellum – Medulla Central Nervous System Cont … • Cerebrum • Control/reaction to senses • Movement • Thinking • Cerebellum – Balance • Medulla – Breathing – Heart Rate Central Nervous System Cont … • The spinal cord connects the brain to the peripheral nervous system – Like a highway of information • It contains a special type of neuron called an interneuron – They connect one neuron to another Reflex Response – The Shortcut • When sensory & motor work together and do not use the brain we call that a reflex – Automatic response by the nervous system to an external stimulus • For example … you put your hand on a tac – Sensory neurons in your hand react to the pain by sending nerve impulses (signal) to the spinal cord – Interneurons relay the message to the motor neurons – Impulse travels to your arm which you lift quickly! Reflex Response Cont … • Sensory neurons also send a message to your brain • However … the message gets there after you have reacted • The reflex response helps protect you! Pain & Reaction Time Video Uneven Sense of Touch • • • • • Smell = specific location Sight = specific location Taste = specific location Hearing = specific location Touch = everywhere! • Touch is located everywhere and is the biggest sensory organ in the body • Not all parts have the same amount of receptors however! It is very uneven! Uneven Sense of Touch Cells & Systems Systems Done!