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Transcript
All about the Neuron The Mighty Brain Exciting Endocrine System! Gnarly Planes trains Neuroand dissections transmitters 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 2 pt 2 pt 2 pt 2 pt 2 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 4 pt 4 pt 4 pt 4 pt 4 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt Another name for a “nerve cell.” What is a neuron? The branching part of the neuron that receives neurotransmitters from neighboring neurons. What is a dendrite? The part of the neuron that conducts an electrical signal during an action potential. What is the axon? The explosion of electrical activity sent down an axon (when neuron reaches threshold, -55 mv) What is an action potential? The substance that floods into the axon during an action potential, generating an electric current What is a positive ion (Na+)? The part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination What is the cerebellum? The two main divisions of the nervous system. What are the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system? Area of the brain responsible for thought, problem solving and planning. What is the frontal lobe? Connects the right and left hemispheres of the brain. What is the corpus callosum? Central region of the brain that receives sensory signals and sends them to correct brain area for processing What is the Thalamus? General name of chemical signals made by glands What are hormones? Type of cell that can receive hormones (has receptors for them) What are target cells? The “master gland” (2 components, in the head) What is the Pituitary gland? Name two effects of the hormone adrenalin, released when you are afraid What are increased heart rate, dilated pupils, blood to muscles, hair stand on end, breathing faster… Produces hormones insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels What is the pancreas? Name of the gap that neurotransmitters must cross to reach neighboring dendrite. What is the synapse? Neurotransmitter associated with motor control and reward pathways in brain. What is an Dopamine? Neurotransmitter associated with sleep, dreams depression, and food cravings What is serotonin? Inhibitory neurotransmitter that has a calming effect. What is GABA? Neurotransmitter that eases pain and causes feeling of well-being and “runners high” What are endorphins? Words that mean “above” and “below” What are superior and inferior? You cut your sheep brain into 2 parts along this plane. What is the sagittal plane? The cerebellum is _____ to the olfactory bulbs in a sheep’s brain. What is posterior? If you cut Ms. P’s head off, you’d be cutting along this plane What is the transverse plane? The preserved sheep brains we used in class were missing this tough exterior membrane (meninges) What is the dura mater?
