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Neeraj Prasad, AP Psychology Practice: Brain Biology Structure Corpus callosum Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Occipital Lobe Motor Strip Sensory-Motor Strip Cerebellum Thalamus Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland Reticular Activating System Function Thick band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, facilitating information transfer and integration One of the four regions of cerebral cortex, located in the front-most region. The frontal lobe is involved in several functions including motor functions, higher-order functions, planning, reasoning, judgement, impulse control, and memory, speaking A portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head, and receives sensory input for touch and body position Portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears; includes auditory areas; Each temporal lobe receives information from the opposite ear Portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; includes areas that receive information from visual fields Strip of neurons just behind frontal lobe, controls sending and receiving of messages about movements of various parts of the body Immediately behind the motor strip is the sensory strip which receives and sends information on feelings from parts of the body, such as smell and taste Located in the rear of the brainstem; Functions in the processing of sensory input, and coordinating movement output and balance Called the brain’s “sensory switchboard”, located on top of brainstem; directs messages to sensory receiving areas in cortex, and transmits replies to cerebellum and medulla Structure below thalamus, maintains homeostasis, helps govern endocrine system via anterior and posterior pituitary glands, and is linked to emotion and reward Called the endocrine system’s most influential gland; It is regulated by the hypothalamus, and controls other endrocrine glands A nerve network that travels through the brainstem and plays and important role in arousal and sleep Neeraj Prasad, AP Psychology Practice: Brain Biology Medulla Oblongata Broca’s Area Wernicke’s Area Cerebral Cortex Amygdala Hippocampus Located at the base of the brainstem; Controls many essential involuntary functions such as heartbeat and breathing Region of frontal lobe that contains motor neurons involved in the control of speech Region of the frontal lobe that contains motor neurons involved in the comprehension of speech A fabric of neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres; composed of gray matter; the body’s ultimate control and informationprocessing center 2 lima bean-shaped neural clusters in the limbic system that are linked to emotion The hippocampus is part of limbic system, involved in the formation of new memories, and is also associated with learning and emotions