Download The Storage and Persistence of Memory

The Storage and Persistence
of Memory
Eric Kandel, MD, Columbia University
http://c250.columbia.edu/c250_ev
ents/symposia/brain_mind/brain_
mind_vid_archive.html
How come one can remember certain events,
Your First Love?
Philosophers’ views of the mind
Two opposing views by the end of the seventeenth century
The British empiricists such as John Locke
argued the mind is a blank slate,
it does not possess innate knowledge but that all knowledge
derives from sensory experience and is therefore learned.
The German philosopher Emanuel Kant
argued that the mind is born with a priori knowledge
that predisposes it to receive and interpret sensory experience
in an innately determined perceptual framework.
Examine the Brain
What
顳葉
杏仁核(fear) 小腦(motor learning)
The temporal lobe is involved in auditory processing
and is home to the primary auditory cortex. It is also
heavily involved in semantics both in speech and
vision. The temporal lobe contains the hippocampus
and is therefore involved in memory formation as well.
額葉（frontal lobe）
中央溝之前與側裂之上
頂葉（parietal lobe）
中央溝之後與側裂之上
顳葉（temporal lobe）
側裂以下
枕葉(Occipital lobe)
腦部後側
The amygdalae are almond-shaped groups of
neurons located deep within the medial temporal
lobes of the brain .
Practice makes perfect.
(2000 cells)
If you give one stimulus you have a short-term memory,
which lasts minutes, doesn't require new protein synthesis. If you give five trainings
or more, you produce a long-term memory that lasts anywhere from days to
weeks, and this requires new protein synthesis.
There were always 24 sensory neurons,
there were always six
motor neurons specifically identifiable, and
certain sensory neurons always
connected to certain motor neuron and to
certain interneurons.
Genes alteration is important because it
gives rise to the growth of new synaptic
connections.
Identical twins with identical genes will
have different brains because
they've been exposed to somewhat
different learning experiences.
Is there an enlargement of the
hippocampus with continued use?
If you record from a
hundred cells, as Matt Wilson and others
have done, you can predict where the
animal is in space from its firing pattern.