The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a
... et al. (1999a, b) included photographs that are similar to those in our Figs 1, 3 and 8L as part of their composite Fig. 1 (Witelson et al., 1999b, p. 2150), but identified very few sulci on these images. As far as we know, this is the first publication of the other photographs reproduced in this ar ...
... et al. (1999a, b) included photographs that are similar to those in our Figs 1, 3 and 8L as part of their composite Fig. 1 (Witelson et al., 1999b, p. 2150), but identified very few sulci on these images. As far as we know, this is the first publication of the other photographs reproduced in this ar ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a description and preliminary
... et al. (1999a, b) included photographs that are similar to those in our Figs 1, 3 and 8L as part of their composite Fig. 1 (Witelson et al., 1999b, p. 2150), but identified very few sulci on these images. As far as we know, this is the first publication of the other photographs reproduced in this ar ...
... et al. (1999a, b) included photographs that are similar to those in our Figs 1, 3 and 8L as part of their composite Fig. 1 (Witelson et al., 1999b, p. 2150), but identified very few sulci on these images. As far as we know, this is the first publication of the other photographs reproduced in this ar ...
Supplementary Information (doc 1146K)
... dimensions as A) has singular values, arranged in descending order, that are proportional to total variance of data matrix explained by its corresponding eigenvariate, and is diagonal, and VT has rows that are the right singular vectors (spatial eigenmaps, representing the loading of each voxel onto ...
... dimensions as A) has singular values, arranged in descending order, that are proportional to total variance of data matrix explained by its corresponding eigenvariate, and is diagonal, and VT has rows that are the right singular vectors (spatial eigenmaps, representing the loading of each voxel onto ...
5. Gesture as a bridge between action and
... systems that govern acting on these objects and actions (e.g., Barsalou, 1999; Glenberg; 1997; Garbarini & Adenzato, 2004; Wilson, 2002; Zwaan, 1999). This analysis has roots in ecological psychology, which argues against a distinct division between perception and action (Gibson, 1979). The embodied ...
... systems that govern acting on these objects and actions (e.g., Barsalou, 1999; Glenberg; 1997; Garbarini & Adenzato, 2004; Wilson, 2002; Zwaan, 1999). This analysis has roots in ecological psychology, which argues against a distinct division between perception and action (Gibson, 1979). The embodied ...
An investigation of brain processes supporting meditation
... Concerning meditation onset, some fMRI studies (Farb et al. 2007; Hölzel et al. 2007b) have employed short periods of meditation (\1 min) that displayed increased activity of different frontal cortical areas; either lateral prefrontal cortex (Farb et al. 2007), or orbital, superior medial and super ...
... Concerning meditation onset, some fMRI studies (Farb et al. 2007; Hölzel et al. 2007b) have employed short periods of meditation (\1 min) that displayed increased activity of different frontal cortical areas; either lateral prefrontal cortex (Farb et al. 2007), or orbital, superior medial and super ...
Virtual dissection and comparative connectivity of the superior
... with an evolutionarily ancient fronto-parietal network for objectdirected grasping (Rizzolatti and Fadiga, 1998) but human tool-use networks are undoubtedly more complex than macaque object-grasping networks. It has been proposed that use of “complex” tools (those that alter the functional propertie ...
... with an evolutionarily ancient fronto-parietal network for objectdirected grasping (Rizzolatti and Fadiga, 1998) but human tool-use networks are undoubtedly more complex than macaque object-grasping networks. It has been proposed that use of “complex” tools (those that alter the functional propertie ...
INTRINSIC CONNECTIONS AND CYTOARCHITECTONIC DATA OF
... Abstract. Organization of intrinsic connections of the frontal association cortex (FAC) in dogs was studied using retrograde HRP-transport method. For cytoarchitectonic observations and measurements of thickness of the cortex and its particular layers, additional sections stained with Nissl method w ...
... Abstract. Organization of intrinsic connections of the frontal association cortex (FAC) in dogs was studied using retrograde HRP-transport method. For cytoarchitectonic observations and measurements of thickness of the cortex and its particular layers, additional sections stained with Nissl method w ...
Hemispheric asymmetries of cortical volume in the human brain
... measuring (1) the shortest distance from each point on the white matter surface to the pial surface, and (2) the shortest distance from each point on the pial surface to the white matter surface. Cortical thickness at each vertex was computed as the average of the two values. The accuracy of automat ...
... measuring (1) the shortest distance from each point on the white matter surface to the pial surface, and (2) the shortest distance from each point on the pial surface to the white matter surface. Cortical thickness at each vertex was computed as the average of the two values. The accuracy of automat ...
Subregions of the human superior frontal gyrus and their connections
... correlated with the cognitive control network and the DMN; the SFGdl was correlated with the cognitive execution network and the DMN; and the SFGp was correlated with the sensorimotor-related brain regions. The SFGam and SFGdl were further parcellated into three and two subclusters that are well cor ...
... correlated with the cognitive control network and the DMN; the SFGdl was correlated with the cognitive execution network and the DMN; and the SFGp was correlated with the sensorimotor-related brain regions. The SFGam and SFGdl were further parcellated into three and two subclusters that are well cor ...
19 CORTICAL PROJECTIONS FROM TWO PRESTRIATE AREAS IN
... Fig. 2. Diagrams of sections, taken at the levels indicated, from brain AM 20 with a punctate lesion at the striate-prestriate boundary (region of representation of the vertical meridian in area 18). The arrow on the surface view of the brain points to the lesion. The diagrams show the degeneration ...
... Fig. 2. Diagrams of sections, taken at the levels indicated, from brain AM 20 with a punctate lesion at the striate-prestriate boundary (region of representation of the vertical meridian in area 18). The arrow on the surface view of the brain points to the lesion. The diagrams show the degeneration ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... Possible candidates for these modules are syntax, semantics and phonology, which interact systematically with each other (Sakai et al., 2001). If these linguistic modules exist in the language system, information f low among the modules, as well as the roles of their interactions, should be clarifie ...
... Possible candidates for these modules are syntax, semantics and phonology, which interact systematically with each other (Sakai et al., 2001). If these linguistic modules exist in the language system, information f low among the modules, as well as the roles of their interactions, should be clarifie ...
Lateral prefrontal cortex: architectonic and functional organization
... computations occurring in a given area for the complex neuronal network within which it is embedded can be explored, in monkeys, by observing the consequences on cognitive/behavioural function of removal or disconnection of the particular area or manipulations of its neurotransmitter activity. There ...
... computations occurring in a given area for the complex neuronal network within which it is embedded can be explored, in monkeys, by observing the consequences on cognitive/behavioural function of removal or disconnection of the particular area or manipulations of its neurotransmitter activity. There ...
Motor Areas of the Medial Wall: A Review of Their Location and
... the anterior commissure {Vca) at the midline defines the origin of the Talairach space. Numbers show the approximate location of Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic areas. Boundaries are indicated by dashed lines where they do not course along sulci. Boxes delimit the areas enlarged in Figures 4 and 5. ...
... the anterior commissure {Vca) at the midline defines the origin of the Talairach space. Numbers show the approximate location of Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic areas. Boundaries are indicated by dashed lines where they do not course along sulci. Boxes delimit the areas enlarged in Figures 4 and 5. ...
The mirror neuron system and its role in learning Master`s thesis by
... possess a similar system (Gallese et al., 1996). Earlier experiments had already shown higher activation levels in arm muscles and in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) homologue to area F5 in the monkey brain, during observation of grasping actions (Fadiga et al., 1995; Rizzolatti et al., 1996). Ther ...
... possess a similar system (Gallese et al., 1996). Earlier experiments had already shown higher activation levels in arm muscles and in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) homologue to area F5 in the monkey brain, during observation of grasping actions (Fadiga et al., 1995; Rizzolatti et al., 1996). Ther ...
Isn`t it ironic? Neural Correlates of Irony Comprehension in
... detection deficits in schizophrenia. This model suggests a deficit in the brain regions associated with comprehension of prosody, such as the right superior temporal cortex [41,42]. Further, this would mirror fMRI findings in autism, where prosody interacts with fMRI correlates during irony comprehe ...
... detection deficits in schizophrenia. This model suggests a deficit in the brain regions associated with comprehension of prosody, such as the right superior temporal cortex [41,42]. Further, this would mirror fMRI findings in autism, where prosody interacts with fMRI correlates during irony comprehe ...
Functional segregation of the temporal lobes into highly
... processing is also supported by analyses of brain morphologies (Binder et al., 1996; Hugdahl et al., 1998; Jancke et al., 1994; Jancke and Steinmetz, 1993), focusing specifically on the asymmetry of the planum temporale, which is generally larger in the left temporal lobe, especially in right-handed ...
... processing is also supported by analyses of brain morphologies (Binder et al., 1996; Hugdahl et al., 1998; Jancke et al., 1994; Jancke and Steinmetz, 1993), focusing specifically on the asymmetry of the planum temporale, which is generally larger in the left temporal lobe, especially in right-handed ...
Common and Distinct Neural Substrates for Pragmatic, Semantic
... & Extracting meaning from speech requires the use of pragmatic, semantic, and syntactic information. A central question is: Does the processing of these different types of linguistic information have common or distinct neuroanatomical substrates? We addressed this issue using functional magnetic res ...
... & Extracting meaning from speech requires the use of pragmatic, semantic, and syntactic information. A central question is: Does the processing of these different types of linguistic information have common or distinct neuroanatomical substrates? We addressed this issue using functional magnetic res ...
Study Objectives
... 11. Define and characterize apraxia of speech. Summarize the findings of clinical studies of patients with this disorder. What region of brain damage was common to all these cases? 12. What is pure word deafness? What is the main implication of this condition regarding the distinction between word r ...
... 11. Define and characterize apraxia of speech. Summarize the findings of clinical studies of patients with this disorder. What region of brain damage was common to all these cases? 12. What is pure word deafness? What is the main implication of this condition regarding the distinction between word r ...
Somatotopic mapping of natural upper- and lower
... Precise delineation of pathological and eloquent cortices is essential in pre-neurosurgical diagnostics of epilepsy. A limitation of existing experimental procedures, however, is that they critically require active cooperation of the patient, which is not always achievable, particularly in infants a ...
... Precise delineation of pathological and eloquent cortices is essential in pre-neurosurgical diagnostics of epilepsy. A limitation of existing experimental procedures, however, is that they critically require active cooperation of the patient, which is not always achievable, particularly in infants a ...
Mirror Neurons: Findings and Functions
... leads to an increased cerebral blood flow in the activated area. fMRI can spatially pinpoint a rise in blood flow to precisions of up to a mm (Huettel, Song, & McCarthy, 2009). Since it has a good spatial resolution, it can be used to measure indirectly neuronal activity in very specific areas. Of c ...
... leads to an increased cerebral blood flow in the activated area. fMRI can spatially pinpoint a rise in blood flow to precisions of up to a mm (Huettel, Song, & McCarthy, 2009). Since it has a good spatial resolution, it can be used to measure indirectly neuronal activity in very specific areas. Of c ...
Nervous System Pt 3
... Functional Areas of the Cerebral Cortex The three types of functional areas are: Motor areas—control voluntary movement Sensory areas—conscious awareness of sensation Association areas—integrate diverse information ...
... Functional Areas of the Cerebral Cortex The three types of functional areas are: Motor areas—control voluntary movement Sensory areas—conscious awareness of sensation Association areas—integrate diverse information ...
Neural Mechanisms of Subclinical Depressive
... past, and planning the future [13,17]. Individuals with MDD are characterized by altered patterns of DMN activity during emotion processing tasks as well as at rest. Sheline and colleagues [18] reported increased activity in MDD within DMN regions (i.e., ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cing ...
... past, and planning the future [13,17]. Individuals with MDD are characterized by altered patterns of DMN activity during emotion processing tasks as well as at rest. Sheline and colleagues [18] reported increased activity in MDD within DMN regions (i.e., ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cing ...
Role of the Human Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the Control of
... one of three words in response to the specific word heard. The auditory stimuli were three verbs (take, join, find), and the responses were three pronouns (them, her, him). The stimuli were presented through a pair of headphones. The latency and accuracy of the verbal responses were measured bv mean ...
... one of three words in response to the specific word heard. The auditory stimuli were three verbs (take, join, find), and the responses were three pronouns (them, her, him). The stimuli were presented through a pair of headphones. The latency and accuracy of the verbal responses were measured bv mean ...
The impact of iconic gestures on foreign language word learning
... French, Italian, and Spanish), and with proper nouns comprising names of products available on the German market. The artificial words were assigned common meanings like bridge and suitcase. Familiarity of the semantics of the items was controlled for using the word frequency counter of German provid ...
... French, Italian, and Spanish), and with proper nouns comprising names of products available on the German market. The artificial words were assigned common meanings like bridge and suitcase. Familiarity of the semantics of the items was controlled for using the word frequency counter of German provid ...
Chapter 6 — Gross Anatomy of the Brain
... middle, and inferior frontal gyri. This subdivision is due to the presence, though inconsistent, of two longitudinally disposed sulci, the superior and inferior frontal sulci. The inferior frontal gyrus is demarcated by extensions of the lateral fissure into three subregions: the pars triangularis, ...
... middle, and inferior frontal gyri. This subdivision is due to the presence, though inconsistent, of two longitudinally disposed sulci, the superior and inferior frontal sulci. The inferior frontal gyrus is demarcated by extensions of the lateral fissure into three subregions: the pars triangularis, ...
Broca's area
Broca's area or the Broca area /broʊˈkɑː/ or /ˈbroʊkə/ is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere (usually the left) of the hominid brain with functions linked to speech production.Language processing has been linked to Broca's area since Pierre Paul Broca reported impairments in two patients. They had lost the ability to speak after injury to the posterior inferior frontal gyrus of the brain. Since then, the approximate region he identified has become known as Broca's area, and the deficit in language production as Broca's aphasia, also called expressive aphasia. Broca's area is now typically defined in terms of the pars opercularis and pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus, represented in Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic map as areas 44 and 45 of the dominant hemisphere. Studies of chronic aphasia have implicated an essential role of Broca's area in various speech and language functions. Further, fMRI studies have also identified activation patterns in Broca's area associated with various language tasks. However, slow destruction of the Broca's area by brain tumors can leave speech relatively intact suggesting its functions can shift to nearby areas in the brain.