Effects of Residual Inhibition Phenomenon on Early Auditory Evoked
... “stays” in the peripheral auditory system, but under the dependency of other molecular pathways, (2) by passing time, tinnitus progressively recruits several anatomical structures in auditory (the peripheral and central auditory systems) and non-auditory (the limbic system and higher order brain str ...
... “stays” in the peripheral auditory system, but under the dependency of other molecular pathways, (2) by passing time, tinnitus progressively recruits several anatomical structures in auditory (the peripheral and central auditory systems) and non-auditory (the limbic system and higher order brain str ...
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... type of preparation simply consisted of the isolated buccal and cerebral ganglia. This type of preparation was used in experiments in which single cycles of ingestive motor programs were elicited by stimulation of the command-like neuron cerebral buccal interneuron 2 (CBI-2) (Rosen et al., 1991; Chu ...
... type of preparation simply consisted of the isolated buccal and cerebral ganglia. This type of preparation was used in experiments in which single cycles of ingestive motor programs were elicited by stimulation of the command-like neuron cerebral buccal interneuron 2 (CBI-2) (Rosen et al., 1991; Chu ...
Auditory Imagery: Empirical Findings
... with several potential starting pitches, one of which was their previously indicated preferred pitch. They rated how acceptable each of those pitches was as a starting pitch for that melody. Interestingly, pitches that were a specific musical interval (i.e., major third, perfect fifth) away from the ...
... with several potential starting pitches, one of which was their previously indicated preferred pitch. They rated how acceptable each of those pitches was as a starting pitch for that melody. Interestingly, pitches that were a specific musical interval (i.e., major third, perfect fifth) away from the ...
By ON THE ROLE OF THE SUPERIOR COLLICULUS IN THE CONTROL... VISUALLY-GUIDED SACCADES
... and saccadic preparation interact within the SC to influence saccadic reaction time. I concluded that saccade latency was strongly dependant on the spatial representation and interaction of visual and saccade related signals in the SC. Together, these findings provide novel insight into the neural m ...
... and saccadic preparation interact within the SC to influence saccadic reaction time. I concluded that saccade latency was strongly dependant on the spatial representation and interaction of visual and saccade related signals in the SC. Together, these findings provide novel insight into the neural m ...
A network of topographic numerosity maps in human
... cortical surface. These sensory maps are hierarchically organized. For example, visual field maps contain neurons that represent increasing large parts of visual space with increasingly complex responses1. Some visual neurons respond to stimuli with a particular numerosity, the number of objects in ...
... cortical surface. These sensory maps are hierarchically organized. For example, visual field maps contain neurons that represent increasing large parts of visual space with increasingly complex responses1. Some visual neurons respond to stimuli with a particular numerosity, the number of objects in ...
Outputs of Radula Mechanoafferent Neurons in Aplysia are
... Irving Kupfermann. Outputs of radula mechanoafferent neurons in Aplysia are modulated by motor neurons, interneurons, and sensory neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1621–1636, 2000. The gain of sensory inputs into the nervous system can be modulated so that the nature and intensity of afferent input is v ...
... Irving Kupfermann. Outputs of radula mechanoafferent neurons in Aplysia are modulated by motor neurons, interneurons, and sensory neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1621–1636, 2000. The gain of sensory inputs into the nervous system can be modulated so that the nature and intensity of afferent input is v ...
Neural mechanisms of stimulus generalization in auditory fear
... route/low route hypothesis was the working model for the identification of neuronal substrates of auditory discrimination. Accumulating evidence has been showing that each one of the pathways alone is sufficient to support auditory fear conditioning. However, according to a recent study, the audito ...
... route/low route hypothesis was the working model for the identification of neuronal substrates of auditory discrimination. Accumulating evidence has been showing that each one of the pathways alone is sufficient to support auditory fear conditioning. However, according to a recent study, the audito ...
Feeding Stimulants Activate an Identified Dopaminergic Interneuron
... Quinlan et al. 1995). There are several mechanisms by which plasticity of motor output of the CPG can arise. Each CPG subunit is a conditional neuronal oscillator that can be independently rhythmically active. The subunits also can be functionally linked in different combinations and in different te ...
... Quinlan et al. 1995). There are several mechanisms by which plasticity of motor output of the CPG can arise. Each CPG subunit is a conditional neuronal oscillator that can be independently rhythmically active. The subunits also can be functionally linked in different combinations and in different te ...
Motor imagery and higher-level cognition: four hurdles before
... Research into motor imagery can be divided into several experimental paradigms, including mental imagery questionnaires (described above), imagined finger movements (e.g., Deiber et al. 1998; Hanakawa et al. 2008; Guillot et al. 2008), mental rotation (Shepard and Metzler 1971; Vandenberg and Kuse 1 ...
... Research into motor imagery can be divided into several experimental paradigms, including mental imagery questionnaires (described above), imagined finger movements (e.g., Deiber et al. 1998; Hanakawa et al. 2008; Guillot et al. 2008), mental rotation (Shepard and Metzler 1971; Vandenberg and Kuse 1 ...
After all, it`s still replication: A reply to Jacob on simulation and mirror
... As I said earlier, MNs were first discovered in the ventral premotor area of macaque monkeys; more precisely, in the area F5. Some years before this discovery, single-cell recording experiments showed that the activity of F5 neurons is correlated with specific motor acts and not with particular move ...
... As I said earlier, MNs were first discovered in the ventral premotor area of macaque monkeys; more precisely, in the area F5. Some years before this discovery, single-cell recording experiments showed that the activity of F5 neurons is correlated with specific motor acts and not with particular move ...
the resonate-and-fire neuron: time dependent and frequency
... This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses at Bucknell Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master’s Theses by an authorized administrator of Bucknell Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ...
... This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses at Bucknell Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master’s Theses by an authorized administrator of Bucknell Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ...
Projections of auditory cortex to the medial geniculate body of the cat
... visual system may reveal the basic principles of CT organization. For example, the feline medial geniculate body has three divisions and !12 nuclei (Winer, 1992), some without a precise analogue in the visual thalamus (Stone, 1983). Therefore, it is pertinent to ask how many patterns of CT input exi ...
... visual system may reveal the basic principles of CT organization. For example, the feline medial geniculate body has three divisions and !12 nuclei (Winer, 1992), some without a precise analogue in the visual thalamus (Stone, 1983). Therefore, it is pertinent to ask how many patterns of CT input exi ...
Early Functional Impairment of Sensory-Motor Connectivity in a Mouse Model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy
... rather than neuronal loss. Several recent studies have examined whether abnormalities of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) synapse can account for the motor behavioral deficits of SMA mice (Murray et al., 2008; Kariya et al., 2008; Kong et al., 2009; Ruiz et al., 2010). Surprisingly, motor neurons in ...
... rather than neuronal loss. Several recent studies have examined whether abnormalities of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) synapse can account for the motor behavioral deficits of SMA mice (Murray et al., 2008; Kariya et al., 2008; Kong et al., 2009; Ruiz et al., 2010). Surprisingly, motor neurons in ...
ABSTRACT The Auditory Brainstem Response: History and Future
... on the scalp. The resulting output is a series of waves that occur within 10 milliseconds of the stimulus presentation. The positive vertex waves – those pointing upwards – are numbered I to VII, and each one generally corresponds to a specific point of activity along the central auditory pathway ( ...
... on the scalp. The resulting output is a series of waves that occur within 10 milliseconds of the stimulus presentation. The positive vertex waves – those pointing upwards – are numbered I to VII, and each one generally corresponds to a specific point of activity along the central auditory pathway ( ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... this area). Over this circuit, information flows bi-directionally between auditory-phonological representations located in the posterior temporal cortex, and articulatory-motor speech representations located in prefrontal and central regions, with area Spt effecting the translation between sensory a ...
... this area). Over this circuit, information flows bi-directionally between auditory-phonological representations located in the posterior temporal cortex, and articulatory-motor speech representations located in prefrontal and central regions, with area Spt effecting the translation between sensory a ...
Somatosensory processes subserving perception and action
... certain brain regions in terms of the perceptual characteristics (e.g., spatial or object-centred), it is just as important to state the way in which we use this information (e.g., to store for later recognition or to program a motor action). We suggest that a similar approach would be useful when d ...
... certain brain regions in terms of the perceptual characteristics (e.g., spatial or object-centred), it is just as important to state the way in which we use this information (e.g., to store for later recognition or to program a motor action). We suggest that a similar approach would be useful when d ...
Analysis of Connectivity in the Cat Cerebral Cortex
... The analysis works in the following way. Imagine that we have a disordered collection of boxes, some of which are connected by pieces of elastic. One way to uncover the connectional organization of the boxes is to rearrange the boxes according to two rules. First, all the pieces of elastic should be ...
... The analysis works in the following way. Imagine that we have a disordered collection of boxes, some of which are connected by pieces of elastic. One way to uncover the connectional organization of the boxes is to rearrange the boxes according to two rules. First, all the pieces of elastic should be ...
Self-Organizing Visual Cortex Model using Homeostatic Plasticity
... An automatic threshold adaptation is one of the desirable extensions to the LISSOM model for enhancing its reliability and making it more relevant biologically [19, chapter 17]. In current LISSOM model, activation thresholds (the upper and lower bound of neuron’s activation function) should be tuned ...
... An automatic threshold adaptation is one of the desirable extensions to the LISSOM model for enhancing its reliability and making it more relevant biologically [19, chapter 17]. In current LISSOM model, activation thresholds (the upper and lower bound of neuron’s activation function) should be tuned ...
Martin, Neuroscientist 2005
... primarily within the contralateral dorsal horn and intermediate zone (Kuypers 1962; Armand and others 1997). Although the termination pattern is restricted at birth, it cannot be ruled out that refinement of topographically extensive connections occurred prenatally. Prenatal refinement of the cortic ...
... primarily within the contralateral dorsal horn and intermediate zone (Kuypers 1962; Armand and others 1997). Although the termination pattern is restricted at birth, it cannot be ruled out that refinement of topographically extensive connections occurred prenatally. Prenatal refinement of the cortic ...
Rationalizing Context-Dependent Preferences: Divisive
... various neural systems for various tasks. Moreover, there is some mechanism which selects more efficient allocations and rejects less efficient ones. In the case of the brain this mechanism is evolution, and we can identify a basic constraint that directly impacts how the decision-making process in ...
... various neural systems for various tasks. Moreover, there is some mechanism which selects more efficient allocations and rejects less efficient ones. In the case of the brain this mechanism is evolution, and we can identify a basic constraint that directly impacts how the decision-making process in ...
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... evaluated how changes in receptive field structure and temporal fidelity can arise from shortterm experience with these sounds based on a spike-timing dependent plasticity model. In summary this thesis documents for the first time 1) how FM sweeps of one octave width are represented along three rela ...
... evaluated how changes in receptive field structure and temporal fidelity can arise from shortterm experience with these sounds based on a spike-timing dependent plasticity model. In summary this thesis documents for the first time 1) how FM sweeps of one octave width are represented along three rela ...
The medial geniculate, not the amygdala, as the root of auditory fear
... here, conveniently taken from Blair et al. (2003). They are numbered, for ease of later reference. 1. First, lesions or pharmacological inactivation of LA prevents the acquisition and expression of fear responses to an auditory CS, demonstrating that neural activity in LA during conditioning is requ ...
... here, conveniently taken from Blair et al. (2003). They are numbered, for ease of later reference. 1. First, lesions or pharmacological inactivation of LA prevents the acquisition and expression of fear responses to an auditory CS, demonstrating that neural activity in LA during conditioning is requ ...
The Auditory System
... the age of 65–75 years, many individuals have a bilateral, high-frequency progressive hearing loss known as presbycusis associated with hair cell attrition. Hair cell loss is the most common cochlear defect causing hearing impairment in presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss. Hearing disorders d ...
... the age of 65–75 years, many individuals have a bilateral, high-frequency progressive hearing loss known as presbycusis associated with hair cell attrition. Hair cell loss is the most common cochlear defect causing hearing impairment in presbycusis and noise-induced hearing loss. Hearing disorders d ...
Statistics and geometry of orientation selectivity in primary visual
... the size of receptive fields during development. Another issue with the model is the structure of pinwheels it predicts. If pinwheels are located at the center of hypercolumns, the model predicts that each orientation is represented twice when circling around each of these singularities. This featur ...
... the size of receptive fields during development. Another issue with the model is the structure of pinwheels it predicts. If pinwheels are located at the center of hypercolumns, the model predicts that each orientation is represented twice when circling around each of these singularities. This featur ...