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School of Distance Education UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION B Sc COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY (2011 Admission Onwards) II Semester Complementary Course PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY QUESTION BANK 1. The ____________ nervous system has two subdivisions, the autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system. a. Central b. Peripheral c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic 2. The ________________ nervous system communicates sensory information received by sense organ receptors to the central nervous system and carries messages from the central nervous system along motor nerves to the muscles. a. Somatic 3. b. Autonomic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic The _______________ nervous system regulates involuntary functions such as heartbeat, blood pressure, digestion and breathing. a. Somatic b. Autonomic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic 4. The _________________ nervous system is the body's emergency system and produces rapid physical arousal in response to perceived threats or in response to emotions such as anger or anxiety. a. Somatic Physiological Psychology b. Autonomic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic Page 1 School of Distance Education 5. The ______________ nervous system maintains normal body functions and conserves the body's physical resources. a. Somatic b. Autonomic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic 6. The ______________ system is made up of glands located throughout the body and uses chemical messengers called hormones to transmit information from one part of the body to another. a. Nervous b. Endocrine c. Autonomic d. Somatic 7. Metabolism, growth rate, digestion, blood pressure and sexual development and reproduction are all processes regulated by __________________. a. Endocrine hormones b. Hypothalamus c. Brain d. Spinal reflexes 8. The signals that trigger the secretion of hormones are regulated primarily by a brain structure called the _________________. a. Endocrine gland b. Hypothalamus c. Pituitary gland d. Spinal reflexes 9. ___________________ structure serves as the main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. a. Brain b. Hypothalamus c. Pituitary gland d. Nerve 10. The _________________ secretes hormones that affect the functioning of other glands as well as hormones that act directly on physical processes. a. Endocrine b. Hypothalamus c. Pituitary gland d. Nerve cells 11. The _______________ bundle of neuron axons that carries information in the peripheral nervous system. a. Hormone b. Nerve c. Pituitary gland d. Hypothalamus 12. ______________ is a communication system composed of glands located throughout the body that secrete hormones into the blood stream. a. Nervous system b. Hypothalamus c. Pituitary gland d. Endocrine system Physiological Psychology Page 2 School of Distance Education 13. ______________ are the simple, automatic behaviors that are processed in the spinal cord. a. Endocrine hormones b. Hypothalamus c. Spinal reflexes d. Inhibitory processes 14. __________________ is a peanut-sized forebrain structure that is part of the limbic system and regulates behaviors related to survival, such as eating, drinking and sexual activity. a. Hypothalamus b. Spinal cord c. Pituitary gland d. Endocrine system 15. __________________ division of the nervous system that includes all the nerves lying outside the central nervous system. a. Central nervous system b. Peripheral nervous system c. Sympathetic nervous system d. Parasympathetic nervous system 16. __________________ subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary functions. a. Somatic nervous system b. Autonomic nervous system c. Sympathetic nervous system d. Parasympathetic nervous system 17. The central nervous system is a major division of the nervous system and consists of the brain and _________________. a. Spinal cord b. Hypothalamus c. Pituitary gland d. Limbic system 18. The _________________ response refers to physiological changes, such as increased heart rate, accelerated breathing, dry mouth and perspiration, which occur in response to perceived threats or danger. a. Fight b. Flight c. Fight-or-flight d. Spinal reflex 19. ________________ are the chemical messengers that are secreted into the bloodstream by endocrine glands. a. Hormones b. Nerves c. Spinal reflexes d. Pituitary glands 20. __________________ is a research method that involves observing and giving a highly detailed description of a single individual or event. Physiological Psychology Page 3 School of Distance Education a. Observation b. Experimental study c. Field study d. Case study 21. _____________ are produced by surgically altering or destroying specific portions of the brain. a. Pons b. Lesions c. Injuries d. Fractures 22. By electrically stimulating specific _______________ areas with electrodes, researchers can study the behavioral effects. a. Amygdala b. Hypothalamus c. Spinal cord d. Brain 23. The _______________ uses electrodes placed on the scalp to record the brain's electrical activity. a. EEG b.ECG c.X-ray d. CAT scan 24. The _________________ provides three-dimensional, highly detailed views of the brain using electrical signals generated by the brain in response to magnetic fields. a. EEG b.ECG c.MRI scanner d. CAT scan 25. A new technique that takes a rapid series of brain images that are then put together by a computer to produce clear, sharp "movies" of brain activity is called________________. a. Functional MRI b.CAT scan c.MRI scanner d. EEG 26. The ___________________ provides color coded images of the brain's activity by measuring the amount of glucose used in different brain regions. a. Functional MRI b.CAT scan c.MRI scanner d. PET scan 27. The ___________________ includes the hindbrain and the midbrain which are located at the base of the brain. a. Medulla b. Brainstem c. Cerebellum d. Hypothalamus 28. The __________________ connects the spinal cord with the rest of the brain. a. Forebrain b. Midbrain c. Hindbrain d. Amygdala 29. The three structures that make up the ________________ are the medulla, pons and cerebellum. a. Forebrain Physiological Psychology b. Midbrain c. Hindbrain d. Amygdala Page 4 School of Distance Education 30. The ____________________ controls vital life functions such as breathing, circulation and muscle tone. a. Medulla b. Brainstem c. Cerebellum d. Hypothalamus 31. The _________________ connects other regions of the brain to the cerebellum which helps coordinate and integrate movements on each side of the body. a. Medulla b. Pons c. Cerebellum d. Hypothalamus 32. The ___________________ is a large two-sided structure at the back of the brain responsible for muscle coordination, fine motor movements, and maintaining posture and equilibrium. a. Hypothalamus b. Cerebellum c. Amygdala d. Medulla 33. At the core of the medulla and the pons is network of neurons called the ____________________, which plays an important role in regulating attention, arousal and sleep. a. Prefrontal association b. Reticular formation c. Hippocampus d. Thalamus 34. The brain structure that is part of the brain stem and is an important relay station that helps coordiante auditory and visual information before sending it on to higher brain centers is called the ___________________. a. Forebrain b. Midbrain c. Hindbrain d. Hippocampus 35. The __________________ is involved in motor control and contains a large concentration of neurons that produce dopamine. a. Hypothalamus b. Pons c. Amygdala d. Substantia nigra 36. The outer portion of the forebrain is called the _____________________ which is divided into two cerebral hemispheres. a. Cerebral cortex b. Cerebellum c. Amygdala d. Medulla 37. A thick bundle of axons called the __________________ connects the two hemispheres and serves as their primary communication link. a. Medulla oblangata b. Hippocampus c. Corpus callosum d. Cerebral cortex Physiological Psychology Page 5 School of Distance Education 38. The __________________ lobe is near the temples and contains the primary auditory cortex and is where the auditory information is received. a. Frontal b. Temporal c. Parietal d. Occipital 39. The __________________ lobe is at the back of the brain and contains the primary visual cortex and is where visual information is received. a. Frontal b. Temporal c. Parietal d. Occipital 40. The ___________________ lobe is involved in processing somatosensory information, such as touch, temperature, body position and temperature. a. Frontal b. Temporal c. Parietal d. Occipital 41. The ____________________ lobe processes voluntary movement and is involved in anticipatory thinking, planning, and emotional expression and control. a. Frontal b. Temporal c. Parietal d. Occipital 42. The __________________ are involved in processing and integrating sensory and motor information, language, abstract reasoning, creative thought, and the integration of perceptions and memories. a. Prefrontal association b. Reticular formation c. Association areas d. Substantia nigra 43. The prefrontal association cortex is involved in the ____________________________. a. Planning of voluntary movements b. Somatosensory information Auditory information c. d. Visual information 44. The _____________________ consists of the hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and thalamus. a. Spinal cord b. Endocrine gland c. Pituitary gland d. Limbic system 45. The finding that rats and other animals would work hard to obtain electrical brain stimulation led researchers to speculate that there might be __________________ in certain regions of the limbic system. a. Lesion b. Pleasure centers c. Hole d. No particular centers Physiological Psychology Page 6 School of Distance Education 46. The _________________ is involved in emotions, motivation, memory and learning. a. Limbic system b. Endocrine gland c. Pituitary gland d. Pons 47. The structure that identifies and integrates sensory information for all the senses except smell and relays it to higher brain centers is the ____________________. a. Cerebral cortex b. Corpus callosum c. Hippocampus d. Thalamus 48. The peanut-sized structure that is involved in diverse functions, including eating, drinking, frequency of sexual activity, fear, aggression, and exerting control over the secretion of endocrine hormones, is called the ________________. a. Hypothalamus b. Pons c. Amygdala d. Substantia nigra 49. The curved structure that is involved in learning and forming new memories is the ____________________. a. Cerebral cortex b. Corpus callosum c. Hippocampus d. Thalamus 50. The almond-shaped structure that is involved in controlling a variety of emotional response patterns, including fear, anger, and disgust, and in learning and memory formation is the ________________. a. Hypothalamus b. Pons c. Amygdala d. Substantia nigra 51. _________________ is an area of the hypothalamus taht plays a key role in regulating daily sleep/wake cycles and other rhythms of the body. a. Suprachiasmatic nucleus b. Substantia nigra c. Corpus callosum d. Cerebral cortex 52. __________________ is the nearly symmetrical left and right halves of the cerebral cortex. a. Cerebral hemispheres b. Corpus callosum c. Hippocampus d. Hypothalamus 53. _________________ is an area on each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex located above the temporal lobe that processes somatic sensations. a. Frontal lobe b. Temporal lobe c. Parietal lobe d. Occipital lobe 54. Substantia nigra is a midbrain area involved in motor control and containing a large concentration of __________________ producing neurons. Physiological Psychology Page 7 School of Distance Education a. Acetylcholine b. Norepinephrine c. Dopamine d. Serotonin 55. _________________ is a hindbrain structure that connects the medulla to the two sides of the cerebellum, helps coordinate and integrate movement on each side of the body. a. Hippocampus b. Pons c. Amygdala d. Thalamus 56. Thalamus is a __________________ structure that processes sensory information from all of the senses, except smell, and relays it to the cerebral cortex. a. Forebrain b. Midbrain c. Hindbrain d. Endocrine 57. _________________ is a curved forebrain structure that is part of the limbic system and is involved in learning and forming new memories. a. Cerebral cortex b. Corpus callosum c. Hippocampus d. Thalamus 58. ________________ is the largest lobe of the cerebral cortex. a. Frontal b. Temporal c. Parietal d. Occipital 59. The __________________ is a band of tissue on the parietal lobe that receives information from touch receptors in different parts of the body. a. Primary motor cortex b. Primary auditory cortex c. Somatosensory cortex d. Primary visual cortex 60. The _________________ is a region at the base of the brain that controls several structures that regulate basic life functions. a. Forebrain b. Midbrain c. Hindbrain d. Cerebellum 61. The ________________ is the most complex brain region, containing centers for complex behaviors and mental processes a. Forebrain b. Midbrain c. Hindbrain d. Corpus callosum 62. The _________________ is the wrinkled portion of the forebrain that contains the most sophisticated brain centers. a. Suprachiasmatic nucleus b. Substantia nigra c. Corpus callosum d. Cerebral cortex 63. An area in the lower left frontal lobe, known to play a crucial role in speech production is called ________________ area. a. Wernicke's b. Broca's c. Suprachiasmatic nucleus d. Corpus callosum Physiological Psychology Page 8 School of Distance Education 64. The procedure of surgically cutting the corpus callosum is called the ________________. a. Alternative-brain surgery b. Vertical-brain surgery c. Split-brain surgery d. Horizontal-brain surgery 65. Patients who have difficulty comprehending language and whose speech often makes little sense are most likely to have damage on the left ________________ lobe in Wernicke's area. a. Frontal b. Temporal c. Parietal d. Occipital 66. Someone with either a partial or complete inability to articulate ideas or understand spoken or written language due to brain injury or brain damage is likely to be given the general diagnosis of ________________ a. Deaf b. Dumb c. Aphasia d. Disabled 67. An area in the left temporal lobe, known to play an important role in language comprehension is called ___________________ area. a. Wernicke's b. Broca's c. Suprachiasmatic nucleus d. Corpus callosum 68. The American psychologist who pioneered research on brain specialization in split-brain patients was _________________. a. Pierre Paul Broca b. Karl Wernicke c. John Andrews d. Roger Sperry 69. The primary function of the nervous system is _________________ of information from one part of the body to another. a. Communication b. Formation c. Production d. Exchange 70. The process by which a form of physical energy is converted into a coded neural signal that can be processed by the nervous system is called ____________. a. Transfusion b. Transduction c. Transformation d. Transmission 71. ____________________ refers to the point at which a stimulus is strong enough to be detected by activating sensory receptors. a. Absolute threshold b. Difference threshold c. Sensory threshold d. Minimal threshold Physiological Psychology Page 9 School of Distance Education 72. _________________ is the visual ability to see fine details. a. Brightness b. After image c. Blind spot d. Visual acuity 73. __________________ is the visual experience that occurs after the original source of stimulation is no longer present. a. Brightness b. After image c. Blind spot d. Visual acuity 74. ___________________ is the long, thin, blunt sensory receptors that are highly sensitive to light but not color and are primarily responsible for peripheral vision and night vision. a. Cones b. Rods c. Hue d. Fovea 75. __________ is the thick nerve that exits from the back of the eye and carries visual information to the visual cortex in the brain. a. Fovea b. Optic nerve c. Cornea d. Pupil 76. _________________ is the distinctive quality of a sound, determined by the complexity of sound waves. a. Timbre b. Ear canal c. Pinna d. Eardrum 77. _______________ is the small, tightly stretched membrane that seperates the middle ear from the inner ear. a. Timbre b. Ear canal c. Oval window d. Eardrum 78. ________________ is the physical stimuli that produce our sensory experience of sound. a. Frequency b. Amplitude c. Pitch d. Sound waves 79. According to ________________ theory, the basilar membrane vibrates at the same frequency as the sound wave, thereby enabling low-frequency sound to be transmitted to the brain. a. Sound b. Place c. Frequency d. Amplitude 80. ________________ is the part of the ear where sound is transduced into neural impulses; consists of cochlea and semicircular canals. a. Inner ear b. Outer ear c. Middle ear d. Hair cells 81. _______________ is the technical term for our sense of taste. a. Olfaction Physiological Psychology b. Kinesthetic sense c. Vestibular sense d. Gustation Page 10 School of Distance Education 82. _________________ is the specialized sensory receptors for taste that are located on the tongue and inside the mouth and the throat. a. Taste buds b. Free nerve endings c. Pheromones d. Olfactory bulb 83. _______________ is the technical name for the sense of location and position of body parts in relation to one another. a. Olfaction b. Kinesthetic sense c. Vestibular sense d. Gustation 84. The German word ___________________ means a unified whole, and this perspective maintains that we perceive whole objects or figures rather than isolated bits and pieces of information. a. Pragnanz b. Gradient c. Gestalt d. Iridology 85. _____________ is the binocular cue that relies on the fact that our eyes are set a couple of inches apart and thus a slightly different image of an object is cast on the retina of each eye. a. Depth perception b. Texture gradient c. Motion parallax d. Binocular disparity 86. ___________________ is the distance or depth cues that require the use of both eyes. a. Monocular cues b. Binocular cues c. Pictorial cues d. Linear perspective 87. ________________ is the use of visual cues (either monocular or binocular) to perceive the distance or three-dimensional characteristics of objects. a. Depth perception b. Texture gradient c. Motion parallax d. Binocular disparity 88. _________________ is the process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensory information in a way that is meaningful. a. Sensation b. Illusion c. Perception d. Accommodation 89. ________________ is a binocular cue that relies on the degree to which muscles rotate the eyes to focus on an object; the less convergence, the farther away the object appears to be. Physiological Psychology Page 11 School of Distance Education a. Convergence b. Texture gradient c. Motion parallax d. Binocular disparity 90. ________________ is the influence of prior assumptions and expectations on perceptual interpretations. a. Perceptual constancy b. Perceptual set c. Perceptual illusion d. Extrasensory perception 91. _________________ is the tendency to perceive objects, especially familiar objects, as constant and unchanging despite changes in sensory. a. Perceptual constancy b. Perceptual set c. Perceptual illusion d. Extrasensory perception 92. ____________ is the term for the investigation of claims of various paranormal phenomena. a. Illusion b. Extrasensory perception c. Iridology d. Parapsychology 93. ________________ is the perception of an object as maintaining the same size despite changing images on the retina. a. Size constancy b. Shape constancy c. Perceptual constancy d. Object constancy 94. Stereograms use the binocular depth cue of _______________. a. Depth perception b. Texture gradient c. Motion parallax d. Binocular disparity 95. _________________ refers to the fact that when we view a scene, we automatically separate the elements of that scene into the feature that clearly stands out and its less distinct background. a. Size constancy b. Shape constancy c. Perceptual constancy d. Extrasensory perception 96. __________________ is the perception that the brightness of an object remains the same even though the lighting conditions change. a. Light constancy b. Object constancy c. Perceptual constancy d. Brightness constancy 97. ___________________ is based on the idea that sensory information can be detected Physiological Psychology Page 12 School of Distance Education by some means other than through the normal processes of sensation. a. Size constancy b. Shape constancy c. Perceptual constancy d. Extrasensory perception 98. ___________________ is an illusion of movement that results when two, separate, carefully timed flashing lights are perceived as one light moving back and forth. a. Stroboscopic motion b. Induced motion c. Muller-Lyer d. Figure-ground 99. The cues used to judge the distance of objects that require the use of only one eye are called ______________. a. Monocular cues b. Binocular cues c. Pictorial cues d. Linear perspective 100. One object partially blocks or obscures the view of another object and the partially blocked object is perceived as being farther away: _______________ a. Relative size b. Linear perspective c. Overlap d. Texture gradient Physiological Psychology Page 13 School of Distance Education ANSWER KEY 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. B A B C D B A B B C B D C A B B A C A D B D A C A D B C C A B B B B Physiological Psychology 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. D A C B D C A C A D B A D A C C A A C C B A C A C C A D B C B C A D 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. A B C D B B B A C D C A D A B C D B A C A B A D A D B D D A A C Page 14