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School of Distance Education UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION B Sc COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY (2011 Admission Onwards) II Semester Complementary Course PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
QUESTION BANK 1. The ____________ nervous system has two subdivisions, the autonomic nervous system
and somatic nervous system.
a. Central
b. Peripheral c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic
2. The ________________ nervous system communicates sensory information received by
sense organ receptors to the central nervous system and carries messages from the central
nervous system along motor nerves to the muscles.
a. Somatic
3.
b. Autonomic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic
The _______________ nervous system regulates involuntary functions such as
heartbeat, blood pressure, digestion and breathing.
a. Somatic
b. Autonomic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic
4. The _________________ nervous system is the body's emergency system and produces
rapid physical arousal in response to perceived threats or in response to emotions such as
anger or anxiety.
a. Somatic
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b. Autonomic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic
Page 1 School of Distance Education 5. The ______________ nervous system maintains normal body functions and conserves
the body's physical resources.
a. Somatic
b. Autonomic c. Sympathetic d. Parasympathetic
6. The ______________ system is made up of glands located throughout the body and uses
chemical messengers called hormones to transmit information from one part of the body
to another.
a. Nervous
b. Endocrine c. Autonomic
d. Somatic
7. Metabolism, growth rate, digestion, blood pressure and sexual development and
reproduction are all processes regulated by __________________.
a. Endocrine hormones
b. Hypothalamus
c. Brain
d. Spinal reflexes
8. The signals that trigger the secretion of hormones are regulated primarily by a brain
structure called the _________________.
a. Endocrine gland
b. Hypothalamus
c. Pituitary gland
d. Spinal reflexes
9. ___________________ structure serves as the main link between the nervous system and
the endocrine system.
a. Brain
b. Hypothalamus
c. Pituitary gland
d. Nerve
10. The _________________ secretes hormones that affect the functioning of other glands as
well as hormones that act directly on physical processes.
a. Endocrine b. Hypothalamus
c. Pituitary gland
d. Nerve cells
11. The _______________ bundle of neuron axons that carries information in the peripheral
nervous system.
a. Hormone
b. Nerve
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
12. ______________ is a communication system composed of glands located throughout the
body that secrete hormones into the blood stream.
a. Nervous system
b. Hypothalamus
c. Pituitary gland
d. Endocrine system
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Page 2 School of Distance Education 13. ______________ are the simple, automatic behaviors that are processed in the spinal
cord.
a. Endocrine hormones
b. Hypothalamus
c. Spinal reflexes
d. Inhibitory processes
14. __________________ is a peanut-sized forebrain structure that is part of the limbic
system and regulates behaviors related to survival, such as eating, drinking and sexual
activity.
a. Hypothalamus
b. Spinal cord
c. Pituitary gland
d. Endocrine system
15. __________________ division of the nervous system that includes all the nerves lying
outside the central nervous system.
a. Central nervous system
b. Peripheral nervous system
c. Sympathetic nervous system
d. Parasympathetic nervous system
16. __________________ subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that regulates
involuntary functions.
a. Somatic nervous system
b. Autonomic nervous system
c. Sympathetic nervous system
d. Parasympathetic nervous system
17. The central nervous system is a major division of the nervous system and consists of the
brain and _________________.
a. Spinal cord
b. Hypothalamus
c. Pituitary gland
d. Limbic system
18. The _________________ response refers to physiological changes, such as increased
heart rate, accelerated breathing, dry mouth and perspiration, which occur in response to
perceived threats or danger.
a. Fight
b. Flight
c. Fight-or-flight
d. Spinal reflex
19. ________________ are the chemical messengers that are secreted into the bloodstream
by endocrine glands.
a. Hormones
b. Nerves
c. Spinal reflexes
d. Pituitary glands
20. __________________ is a research method that involves observing and giving a highly
detailed description of a single individual or event.
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Page 3 School of Distance Education a. Observation
b. Experimental study
c. Field study
d. Case study
21. _____________ are produced by surgically altering or destroying specific portions of the
brain.
a. Pons
b. Lesions
c. Injuries
d. Fractures
22. By electrically stimulating specific _______________ areas with electrodes, researchers
can study the behavioral effects.
a. Amygdala b. Hypothalamus
c. Spinal cord
d. Brain
23. The _______________ uses electrodes placed on the scalp to record the brain's electrical
activity.
a. EEG
b.ECG
c.X-ray
d. CAT scan
24. The _________________ provides three-dimensional, highly detailed views of the brain
using electrical signals generated by the brain in response to magnetic fields.
a. EEG
b.ECG
c.MRI scanner
d. CAT scan
25. A new technique that takes a rapid series of brain images that are then put together by a
computer to produce clear, sharp "movies" of brain activity is called________________.
a. Functional MRI
b.CAT scan
c.MRI scanner
d. EEG
26. The ___________________ provides color coded images of the brain's activity by
measuring the amount of glucose used in different brain regions.
a. Functional MRI
b.CAT scan
c.MRI scanner
d. PET scan
27. The ___________________ includes the hindbrain and the midbrain which are located at
the base of the brain.
a. Medulla
b. Brainstem
c. Cerebellum
d. Hypothalamus
28. The __________________ connects the spinal cord with the rest of the brain.
a. Forebrain
b. Midbrain
c. Hindbrain
d. Amygdala
29. The three structures that make up the ________________ are the medulla, pons and
cerebellum.
a. Forebrain
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b. Midbrain
c. Hindbrain
d. Amygdala
Page 4 School of Distance Education 30. The ____________________ controls vital life functions such as breathing, circulation
and muscle tone.
a. Medulla
b. Brainstem
c. Cerebellum
d. Hypothalamus
31. The _________________ connects other regions of the brain to the cerebellum which
helps coordinate and integrate movements on each side of the body.
a. Medulla
b. Pons
c. Cerebellum
d. Hypothalamus
32. The ___________________ is a large two-sided structure at the back of the brain
responsible for muscle coordination, fine motor movements, and maintaining posture and
equilibrium.
a. Hypothalamus
b. Cerebellum
c. Amygdala
d. Medulla
33. At the core of the medulla and the pons is network of neurons called the
____________________, which plays an important role in regulating attention, arousal
and sleep.
a. Prefrontal association
b. Reticular formation
c. Hippocampus
d. Thalamus
34. The brain structure that is part of the brain stem and is an important relay station that
helps coordiante auditory and visual information before sending it on to higher brain
centers is called the ___________________.
a. Forebrain
b. Midbrain
c. Hindbrain
d. Hippocampus
35. The __________________ is involved in motor control and contains a large
concentration of neurons that produce dopamine.
a. Hypothalamus
b. Pons
c. Amygdala
d. Substantia nigra
36. The outer portion of the forebrain is called the _____________________ which is
divided into two cerebral hemispheres.
a. Cerebral cortex
b. Cerebellum
c. Amygdala
d. Medulla
37. A thick bundle of axons called the __________________ connects the two hemispheres
and serves as their primary communication link.
a. Medulla oblangata
b. Hippocampus
c. Corpus callosum
d. Cerebral cortex
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Page 5 School of Distance Education 38. The __________________ lobe is near the temples and contains the primary auditory
cortex and is where the auditory information is received.
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. Occipital
39. The __________________ lobe is at the back of the brain and contains the primary visual
cortex and is where visual information is received.
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. Occipital
40. The ___________________ lobe is involved in processing somatosensory information,
such as touch, temperature, body position and temperature.
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. Occipital
41. The ____________________ lobe processes voluntary movement and is involved in
anticipatory thinking, planning, and emotional expression and control.
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. Occipital
42. The __________________ are involved in processing and integrating sensory and motor
information, language, abstract reasoning, creative thought, and the integration of
perceptions and memories.
a. Prefrontal association
b. Reticular formation
c. Association areas
d. Substantia nigra
43. The prefrontal association cortex is involved in the ____________________________.
a. Planning of voluntary movements b. Somatosensory information
Auditory information
c.
d. Visual information
44. The _____________________ consists of the hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala
and thalamus.
a. Spinal cord
b. Endocrine gland
c. Pituitary gland
d. Limbic system
45. The finding that rats and other animals would work hard to obtain electrical brain
stimulation led researchers to speculate that there might be __________________ in
certain regions of the limbic system.
a. Lesion
b. Pleasure centers
c. Hole
d. No particular centers
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Page 6 School of Distance Education 46. The _________________ is involved in emotions, motivation, memory and learning.
a. Limbic system
b. Endocrine gland
c. Pituitary gland
d. Pons
47. The structure that identifies and integrates sensory information for all the senses except
smell and relays it to higher brain centers is the ____________________.
a. Cerebral cortex
b. Corpus callosum
c. Hippocampus
d. Thalamus
48. The peanut-sized structure that is involved in diverse functions, including eating,
drinking, frequency of sexual activity, fear, aggression, and exerting control over the
secretion of endocrine hormones, is called the ________________.
a. Hypothalamus
b. Pons
c. Amygdala d. Substantia nigra
49. The curved structure that is involved in learning and forming new memories is the
____________________.
a. Cerebral cortex
b. Corpus callosum
c. Hippocampus
d. Thalamus
50. The almond-shaped structure that is involved in controlling a variety of emotional
response patterns, including fear, anger, and disgust, and in learning and memory
formation is the ________________.
a. Hypothalamus
b. Pons
c. Amygdala
d. Substantia nigra
51. _________________ is an area of the hypothalamus taht plays a key role in regulating
daily sleep/wake cycles and other rhythms of the body.
a. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
b. Substantia nigra
c. Corpus callosum
d. Cerebral cortex
52. __________________ is the nearly symmetrical left and right halves of the cerebral
cortex.
a. Cerebral hemispheres
b. Corpus callosum
c. Hippocampus
d. Hypothalamus
53. _________________ is an area on each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex located above
the temporal lobe that processes somatic sensations.
a. Frontal lobe
b. Temporal lobe
c. Parietal lobe
d. Occipital lobe
54. Substantia nigra is a midbrain area involved in motor control and containing a large
concentration of __________________ producing neurons.
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Page 7 School of Distance Education a. Acetylcholine
b. Norepinephrine
c. Dopamine d. Serotonin
55. _________________ is a hindbrain structure that connects the medulla to the two sides of
the cerebellum, helps coordinate and integrate movement on each side of the body.
a. Hippocampus
b. Pons
c. Amygdala d. Thalamus
56. Thalamus is a __________________ structure that processes sensory information from
all of the senses, except smell, and relays it to the cerebral cortex.
a. Forebrain
b. Midbrain
c. Hindbrain d. Endocrine
57. _________________ is a curved forebrain structure that is part of the limbic system and
is involved in learning and forming new memories.
a. Cerebral cortex
b. Corpus callosum
c. Hippocampus
d. Thalamus
58. ________________ is the largest lobe of the cerebral cortex.
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. Occipital
59. The __________________ is a band of tissue on the parietal lobe that receives
information from touch receptors in different parts of the body.
a. Primary motor cortex
b. Primary auditory cortex
c. Somatosensory cortex
d. Primary visual cortex
60. The _________________ is a region at the base of the brain that controls several
structures that regulate basic life functions.
a. Forebrain
b. Midbrain
c. Hindbrain d. Cerebellum
61. The ________________ is the most complex brain region, containing centers for
complex behaviors and mental processes
a. Forebrain
b. Midbrain
c. Hindbrain d. Corpus callosum
62. The _________________ is the wrinkled portion of the forebrain that contains the most
sophisticated brain centers.
a. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
b. Substantia nigra
c. Corpus callosum
d. Cerebral cortex
63. An area in the lower left frontal lobe, known to play a crucial role in speech production is
called ________________ area.
a. Wernicke's
b. Broca's
c. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
d. Corpus callosum
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Page 8 School of Distance Education 64. The procedure of surgically cutting the corpus callosum is called the ________________.
a. Alternative-brain surgery
b. Vertical-brain surgery
c. Split-brain surgery
d. Horizontal-brain surgery
65. Patients who have difficulty comprehending language and whose speech often makes
little sense are most likely to have damage on the left ________________ lobe in
Wernicke's area.
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. Occipital
66. Someone with either a partial or complete inability to articulate ideas or understand
spoken or written language due to brain injury or brain damage is likely to be given the
general diagnosis of ________________
a. Deaf
b. Dumb
c. Aphasia
d. Disabled
67. An area in the left temporal lobe, known to play an important role in language
comprehension is called ___________________ area.
a. Wernicke's
b. Broca's
c. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
d. Corpus callosum
68. The American psychologist who pioneered research on brain specialization in split-brain
patients was _________________.
a. Pierre Paul Broca
b. Karl Wernicke
c. John Andrews
d. Roger Sperry
69. The primary function of the nervous system is _________________ of information
from one part of the body to another.
a. Communication
b. Formation
c. Production
d. Exchange
70. The process by which a form of physical energy is converted into a coded neural
signal that can be processed by the nervous system is called ____________.
a. Transfusion
b. Transduction
c. Transformation
d. Transmission
71. ____________________ refers to the point at which a stimulus is strong enough to be
detected by activating sensory receptors.
a. Absolute threshold
b. Difference threshold
c. Sensory threshold
d. Minimal threshold
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Page 9 School of Distance Education 72. _________________ is the visual ability to see fine details.
a. Brightness b. After image
c. Blind spot d. Visual acuity
73. __________________ is the visual experience that occurs after the original source of
stimulation is no longer present.
a. Brightness b. After image
c. Blind spot d. Visual acuity
74. ___________________ is the long, thin, blunt sensory receptors that are highly
sensitive to light but not color and are primarily responsible for peripheral vision and
night vision.
a. Cones
b. Rods
c. Hue
d. Fovea
75. __________ is the thick nerve that exits from the back of the eye and carries visual
information to the visual cortex in the brain.
a. Fovea
b. Optic nerve
c. Cornea
d. Pupil
76. _________________ is the distinctive quality of a sound, determined by the
complexity of sound waves.
a. Timbre
b. Ear canal
c. Pinna
d. Eardrum
77. _______________ is the small, tightly stretched membrane that seperates the middle
ear from the inner ear.
a. Timbre
b. Ear canal
c. Oval window
d. Eardrum
78. ________________ is the physical stimuli that produce our sensory experience of
sound.
a. Frequency b. Amplitude c. Pitch
d. Sound waves
79. According to ________________ theory, the basilar membrane vibrates at the same
frequency as the sound wave, thereby enabling low-frequency sound to be transmitted to
the brain.
a. Sound
b. Place
c. Frequency d. Amplitude
80. ________________ is the part of the ear where sound is transduced into neural
impulses; consists of cochlea and semicircular canals.
a. Inner ear
b. Outer ear
c. Middle ear d. Hair cells
81. _______________ is the technical term for our sense of taste.
a. Olfaction
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b. Kinesthetic sense
c. Vestibular sense
d. Gustation
Page 10 School of Distance Education 82. _________________ is the specialized sensory receptors for taste that are located on
the tongue and inside the mouth and the throat.
a. Taste buds
b. Free nerve endings
c. Pheromones
d. Olfactory bulb
83. _______________ is the technical name for the sense of location and position of
body parts in relation to one another.
a. Olfaction
b. Kinesthetic sense
c. Vestibular sense
d. Gustation
84. The German word ___________________ means a unified whole, and this
perspective maintains that we perceive whole objects or figures rather than isolated bits
and pieces of information.
a. Pragnanz
b. Gradient
c. Gestalt
d. Iridology
85. _____________ is the binocular cue that relies on the fact that our eyes are set a
couple of inches apart and thus a slightly different image of an object is cast on the retina
of each eye.
a. Depth perception
b. Texture gradient
c. Motion parallax
d. Binocular disparity
86. ___________________ is the distance or depth cues that require the use of both eyes.
a. Monocular cues
b. Binocular cues
c. Pictorial cues
d. Linear perspective
87. ________________ is the use of visual cues (either monocular or binocular) to
perceive the distance or three-dimensional characteristics of objects.
a. Depth perception
b. Texture gradient
c. Motion parallax
d. Binocular disparity
88. _________________ is the process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting
sensory information in a way that is meaningful.
a. Sensation
b. Illusion
c. Perception
d. Accommodation
89. ________________ is a binocular cue that relies on the degree to which muscles
rotate the eyes to focus on an object; the less convergence, the farther away the object
appears to be.
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Page 11 School of Distance Education a. Convergence
b. Texture gradient
c. Motion parallax
d. Binocular disparity
90. ________________ is the influence of prior assumptions and expectations on
perceptual interpretations.
a. Perceptual constancy
b. Perceptual set
c. Perceptual illusion
d. Extrasensory perception
91. _________________ is the tendency to perceive objects, especially familiar objects,
as constant and unchanging despite changes in sensory.
a. Perceptual constancy
b. Perceptual set
c. Perceptual illusion
d. Extrasensory perception
92. ____________ is the term for the investigation of claims of various paranormal
phenomena.
a. Illusion
b. Extrasensory perception
c. Iridology
d. Parapsychology
93. ________________ is the perception of an object as maintaining the same size
despite changing images on the retina.
a. Size constancy
b. Shape constancy
c. Perceptual constancy
d. Object constancy
94. Stereograms use the binocular depth cue of _______________.
a. Depth perception
b. Texture gradient
c. Motion parallax
d. Binocular disparity
95. _________________ refers to the fact that when we view a scene, we automatically
separate the elements of that scene into the feature that clearly stands out and its less
distinct background.
a. Size constancy
b. Shape constancy
c. Perceptual constancy
d. Extrasensory perception
96. __________________ is the perception that the brightness of an object remains the
same even though the lighting conditions change.
a. Light constancy
b. Object constancy
c. Perceptual constancy
d. Brightness constancy
97. ___________________ is based on the idea that sensory information can be detected
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Page 12 School of Distance Education by some means other than through the normal processes of sensation.
a. Size constancy
b. Shape constancy
c. Perceptual constancy
d. Extrasensory perception
98. ___________________ is an illusion of movement that results when two, separate,
carefully timed flashing lights are perceived as one light moving back and forth.
a. Stroboscopic motion
b. Induced motion
c. Muller-Lyer
d. Figure-ground
99. The cues used to judge the distance of objects that require the use of only one eye are
called ______________.
a. Monocular cues
b. Binocular cues
c. Pictorial cues
d. Linear perspective
100. One object partially blocks or obscures the view of another object and the partially
blocked object is perceived as being farther away: _______________
a. Relative size
b. Linear perspective
c. Overlap
d. Texture gradient
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Page 13 School of Distance Education ANSWER KEY
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