Download European Neuroscience Conference for Doctoral Students

European Neuroscience Conference for
Doctoral Students
4-6 May 2017, Benidorm, Alicante (Spain)
Plenary lecture speakers
Howard Eichenbaum
Boston University, United States
Learning and memory
Peter Somogyi
University of Oxford, United Kingdom
Rhythmicity in the brain
Keynote speakers
Sonia Garel
École Normale Supérieure Paris, France
Brain development and plasticity
Orly Reiner
Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
Developmental neuroscience
Camilla Bellone
University of Geneva, Switzerland
Reward circuits in development
Nikolaus Kriegeskorte
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Computations in visual processing
Tim Vogels
University of Oxford, United Kingdom
Computational neuroscience
[email protected]
Speakers’ Biography
Prof. Howard Eichenbaum
Center for Memory and Brain, Boston University
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Director of the Center for Memory and Brain (Boston University).
The main goal of his laboratory is to understand the neural basis of learning and
memory, specially declarative -or explicit- memory. He has made seminal contributions
to understanding the role of the hippocampus in the acquisition and recall of different
forms of memory. His work has covered a wide plethora of brain and cognitive
processes, such as the effect of aging in learning and memory, the molecular basis of
memory, the role of grid cells in spatial navigation, the spatial vs declarative memory
views of hippocampus, the changes in firing patterns of hippocampal neurons occurring
during learning, the existence of “time cells” that fire at specific time points during a
task, etc. To do so, Dr. Eichenbaum laboratory has adopted a multidisciplinary point of
view, using disparate techniques, such as electrophysiology, behavior and optogenetics.
Nowadays, the research methodology of the lab involves the analysis of the
psychological alterations present in animals with different hippocampal or cortical
damages. The latest advances in neuroanatomy and information flow modeling aid to
generate behavioral models that help to understand the pathways by which memoryrelated information is integrated and processed. Using this approach they have
assessed classic questions in neuroscience, such as the possible involvement of the
rodent hippocampus in declarative memory. Their results show that rats with
hippocampal damage perform worse in tasks that require declarative memory
performance, demonstrating that, as in humans, rodents’ hippocampus plays a critical
role in episodic memory.
[email protected]
Relevant publications.
Kraus BJ, Brandon MP, Robinson RJ 2nd, Connerney MA, Hasselmo ME, Eichenbaum
H. (2015). During Running in Place, Grid Cells Integrate Elapsed Time and Distance
Run. Neuron. 2015 Nov 4;88(3):578-89.
Eichenbaum H, Cohen NJ. (2014). Can we reconcile the declarative memory and
spatial navigation views on hippocampal function? Neuron. Aug 20;83(4):764-70.
MacDonald CJ, Lepage KQ, Eden UT, Eichenbaum H. (2011 ). Hippocampal "time cells"
bridge the gap in memory for discontiguous events. Neuron. Aug 25;71(4):737-49.
Fortin NJ, Wright SP, Eichenbaum H. (2004). Recollection-like memory retrieval in rats
is dependent on the hippocampus. Nature. Sep 9;431(7005):188-91.
Wood ER, Dudchenko PA, Robitsek RJ, Eichenbaum H. (2000). Hippocampal neurons
encode information about different types of memory episodes occurring in the same
location. Neuron. Sep;27(3):623-33.
Cho YH, Giese KP, Tanila H, Silva AJ, Eichenbaum H. (1998). Abnormal hippocampal
spatial representations in alphaCaMKIIT286A and CREBalphaDelta- mice. Science. Feb
6;279(5352):867-9.
[email protected]
Prof. Peter Somogyi
MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit
University of Oxford, United
Kingdom
Director of the Medical Research Council Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit at the
University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University.
Prof. Somogyi obtained his PhD in 1977 in the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest,
Hungary. He performed two postdoctoral stays, in the University of Oxford -being at
the same time research fellow at the University of Semmelweis (Hungary)- and in the
Flinders Medical School, in South Australia. In 1985 he became Associated, and later
Co-Director, of the medical Research Council Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit at
the University of Oxford, where he became director from October 1998.
Peter Somogyi has made fundamental and pioneering advances on the chemical
identification of neuronal types and localization of signaling molecules in identified
microcircuits. His work is a key pillar of contemporary neuroscience. He discovered and
defined many neuron types and their place in synaptic circuits of the neocortex, the
hippocampus, the cerebellum and the basal ganglia. His work has led to the molecular
dissection of synaptic junctions through the quantitative, high-resolution electron
microscopic localization of neurotransmitter receptors; he discovered the perisynaptic
domain as a specific molecular assembly and the pre- and postsynaptic
compartmentalization of distinct receptor types in or outside the synaptic junction.
Prof. Somogyi has delineated a basic cortical circuit from molecular composition
through cell types to the dynamic behavior of neuronal networks. Recently, he focused
on the temporal division of labor amongst inhibitory interneurons in the hippocampal
formation and on the way recognized several novel cell types. In general, Prof.
Somogyi’s work has demonstrated how a co-operative division of labor in time and
space between distinct identified neurons underlies the processing power of the brain.
His conceptual framework and multidisciplinary approaches to the study
of the
cerebral cortex leads to explanations of chronocircuitry, a term used to reflect the
unity of time and space in the brain.
[email protected]
During his career, Prof. Somogyi has published more than 200 original articles and
reviews.
He
is
member
of
the
editorial
board
of
many
first
lane scientist journal including Hippocampus or Cerebral Cortex, and member of
many prestigious scientific associations as the Medical Academy of Sciences, the
Royal Society, the Hungarian Academy of Sicences, the Academia Europaea, among
many others. Prof Somogyi has received many awards during all his career, including
the Brain prize (2011), but also the Yngve Zotterman prize (1995), the Feldberg Award
(2009), and the Semmelweis-Budapest Award (2012), and many others. He is
only a world reference
in
Neuroscience,
but
also
not
he has done scientific
and academic administration and his pupils lead institutions and research
programs around the world.
Relevant publications.
Viney T.J., Lasztoczi B., Katona L., Crump M.G., Tukker, J.J., Klausberger, T., Somogyi, P
(2013). Network state-dependent inhibition of identified hippocampal CA3 axo-axonic
cells in vivo. Nat. Neurosci. Dec; 16(12): 1802-11.
Klausberger T, Magill PJ, Márton LF, Roberts JDB, Cobden PM, Buzsáki G, Somogyi P
(2003). Brain state- and cell type-specific firing of hippocampal interneurons in vivo.
Nature, 421: 844-848.
Tamas G, Buhl EH, Lorincz A, Somogyi P (2000). Proximally targeted GABAergic synapses
and gap junctions precisely synchronize cortical interneurons. Nat. Neurosci. 3: 366-371.
Nusser Z, Hajos N, Somogyi P, Mody I (1998). Increased number of synaptic GABAA
receptors underlies potentiation at hippocampal inhibitory synapses. Nature 395: 172-177.
[email protected]
Dr. Sonia Garel
Institut de Biologie de l’École Normale
Supérieure Paris, France
Dr. Sonia Garel is the leader of the group Brain Development and Plasticity in
the Institut de Biologie de l’École Normale Supérieure since 2007.
Dr. Garel got her PhD in molecular and cellular pharmacology at the University of Paris
VI in 1999, which she followed by a postdoctoral stay at the University of California San
Francisco in the lab of John Rubenstein. She moved back to France in 2003 to develop
an independent line of research and in 2007 she had her own group. She has been
awarded with different prizes as the Career Development Award from Human Frontier
Science Organisation, the European Young Investigator Award (EURYI) and the Antoine
Lacassagne Award of the College de France.
Her research focuses on understanding how the telencephalon is formed and
organised during development. Along this process, both cell migration and axon
guidance play essential roles by controlling the accurate positioning of neuronal
subtypes and the formation of specific connections, respectively. Her group uses
mouse molecular genetics, ex-vivo manipulations and advanced imaging techniques to
discover how these processes occur.
One of her reasons for investigating the development of the telencephalon is to
advance our understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders, as an abnormal
morphogenesis of this structure participates in the etiology of many of these disorders.
Among her discoveries, one of the most important is how the formation of
thalamocortical projections depends upon interactions with a subpopulation of
migrating “corridor” neurons within the developing basal ganglia.
[email protected]
Relevant publications.
Lokmane L, Proville R, Narboux-Nême N, Györy I, Keita M, Mailhes C, Léna C, Gaspar P,
Grosschedl R, Garel S. Sensory map transfer to the neocortex relies on pre-target ordering
of thalamic axons. Curr Biol 2013 ; 23:810-6.
Deck M, Lokmane L, Chauvet S, Mailhes C, Keita M, Niquille M, Lebrand C, Yoshida M,
Yoshida Y, Mann F, Grove E, Garel S. Pathfinding of corticothalamic axons relies on a
rendezvous with thalamic projections. Neuron 2013 ; 77 :472-84.
Bielle F, Marcos-Mondéjar P, Leyva-Díaz E, Lokmane L, Mire E, Mailhes C, Keita M, García
N, Tessier-Lavigne M, Garel S, López-Bendito G. Emergent growth cone responses to
combinations of slit1 and netrin 1 in thalamocortical axon topography. Curr Biol. 2011 Oct
25 ; 21(20):1748-55.
Bielle F, Marcos-Mondejar P, Keita M, Mailhes C, Verney C, Nguyen Ba-Charvet K, TessierLavigne M, Lopez-Bendito G, Garel S. Slit2 activity in the migration of guidepost neurons
shapes thalamic projections during development and evolution. Neuron. 2011 Mar 24 ;
69(6):1085-98.
Lopez-Bendito G., Cautinat A., Sanchez J.A., Bielle F., Flames N., Garrat A.N., Talmage D.,
Role L.W., Charnay P., Marin O., Garel S. , Tangential neuronal migration controls axon
guidance : a role for neuregulin- 1 in thalamocortical axon navigation. Cell (2006), 125 —
127-42.
[email protected]
Prof. Orly Reiner
Department of Molecular Genetics.
Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot,
Israel
Orly Reiner obtained her PhD in 1990 in the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel.
After her postdoctoral fellow in the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston (EEUU), she
got a position as senior researcher in the Weizmann Institute of Science at 1993,
where she also holds a position as professor.
Orly Reiner is an expert in Developmental Neuroscience. Her research focuses on
neuronal migration in embryonic brain development. Neurons are born in the nearest
ventricle layer and they need to migrate to their final destination. The proper dynamics
of this process are crucial for the normal formation of the mammalian brain and
aberrant neuronal migration may result in devastating consequences as severe brain
malformation, mental retardation, epileptic seizures and early death. In particular, her
group is mainly interested in one group of malformations called "lissencephaly" which
consist in a "smooth brain", lacking cortical gyri. Interestingly, the same genes that are
involved in the regulation of neuronal migration participate in additional fundamental
cell processes such as neuronal transport. Therefore, their studies have implications on
neurodegenerative diseases as well. Her studies have tackled several topics like
Gaucher Disease, Genes on Xq28 or Miller-Dicker lissencephaly. Thanks to this, her
laboratory has unraveled key regulators of migration process and neuronal diseases.
During her career, Orly Reiner has published almost 100 articles and reviews.
Moreover she has been the recipient of the Neuroscience Centre of Excellence
Chancellor Award, Medical School Louisiana State University (New Orleans) and also
the Excellence Award in Memory of Profs. Daphna and Dov Izraeli from the Israel
Cancer Association.
[email protected]
Relevant publications.
Vinograd-Byk H, Sapir T, Cantarero L, Lazo PA, Zeligson S, Lev D, Lerman-Sagie T, Renbaum
P, Reiner O, Levy-Lahad E. (2015) The spinal muscular atrophy with pontocerebellar
hypoplasia gene VRK1 regulates neuronal migration through an amyloid-β precursor
protein-dependent mechanism. J Neurosci 35(3): 936-42.
Liu P, Kaplan A, Yuan B, Hanna JH, Lupski JR, Reiner O. (2014) Passage number is a major
contributor to genomic structural variations in mouse iPSCs. Stem Cells 32(10): 2657-67.
Greenman R, Gorelik A, Sapir T, Baumgart J, Zamor V, Segal-Salto M, Levin-Zaidman S,
Aidinis V, Aoki J, Nitsch R, Vogt J, Reiner O (2015) Non-cell autonomous and non-catalytic
activities of ATX in the developing brain. Front Neurosci.
Gerlitz G, Reiner O, Bustin M. (2012) Microtubule dynamics alter the interphase nucleus.
Cell Mol Life 70(7):1255-68.
Sapir T, Levy T, Sakakibara A, Rabinkov A, Miyata T, Reiner O. (2013) Shootin1 acts in
concert with KIF20B to promote polarization of migrating neurons. J Neurosci 33(29):
11932-48.
Reiner O. & Sapir T (2006) Cdk5 checks p27kip1 in neuronal migration. Nature 8, 11-13.
[email protected]
Prof. Camila Bellone
Department of Basic Neuroscience
University of Geneva UNIGE, Switzerland
Camilla Bellone obtained a Master in Pharmacy from the University of Milano where
she did her master thesis project under the supervision of Prof. Monica di Luca. In 2002
she joined the laboratory of Prof. Christian Lüscher at the University of Geneva where
she specialized in synaptic mechanisms underlying drug addiction. After obtaining her
PhD from the University of Milano in 2006, Camilla moved to San Francisco for a
postdoc in the laboratory of Prof. Roger Nicoll at the University of California, San
Francisco (UCSF). She moved back to Switzerland in 2008 as a senior postdoc in the
laboratory of Prof. Christian Lüscher at the University of Geneva and in January
2011, she received the
Ambizione
grant
from
the
Swiss
National
Science
Foundation to become junior investigator affiliated to his laboratory. In May 2014
she was awarded the position of assistant professor from the Swiss National
Science Foundation at the University of Lausanne. Currently, she is an assistant
professor at University of Geneva, where she is leading her independent research
group.
She focuses on the role of the reward system in neurodevelopmental disorders and she
is currently investigating which are the molecular determinants that control the
postnatal maturation of excitatory transmission onto the dopamine neurons of the
Ventral Tegmental Area, part of the mesocorticolimbic system. In particular in mouse
animal model, combining electrophysiological techniques with molecular approaches
and behavioral paradigms, her laboratory investigates how the reward system during
the postnatal development encodes experience and how defect in these processes may
lead to neurodevelopmental disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) or
Schizophrenia.
[email protected]
Recently, she was nominated as a scholar (2014-2018) of FENS-KAVLI Network of
Excellence, which is a prestigious network of 30 outstanding young European
neuroscientists who represent the most talented researchers among their peer.
Relevant publications.
Pouchelon G, Gambino F, Bellone C, Telley L, Vitali I, Lüscher C, Holtmaat A, Jabaudon
D. (2014) Modality-specific thalamocortical inputs instruct the identity of postsynaptic
L4 neurons. Nature,24;511(7510):471-4.
Kehoe, L. A., Bellone, C., De Roo, M., Zandueta, A., Dey, P. N., Perez-Otano, I. and
Muller, D. (2014) GluN3A promotes dendritic spine pruning and destabilization during
postnatal development. JNeurosci, 34,9213-9221.
Yuan, T., Mameli, M., EC, O. C., Dey, P. N., Verpelli, C., Sala, C., Perez-Otano, I., Luscher,
C. and Bellone, C. (2013) Expression of cocaine-evoked synaptic plasticity by GluN3Acontaining NMDA receptors. Neuron, 80, 1025-1038.
Paoletti P, Bellone C, Zhou Q. (2013) NMDA receptor subunit diversity: impact on
receptor properties, synaptic plasticity and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci, 14(6):383-400.
Bellone, C., Mameli, M. and Luscher, C. (2011). In utero exposure to cocaine delays
postnatal synaptic maturation of glutamatergic transmission in the VTA. Nat Neurosci,
14, 1439-1446.
[email protected]
Prof. Nikolaus Kriegeskorte
Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Dr. Kriegeskorte is Programme Leader at the Medical Research Council's Cognition and
Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge, UK. With a background in psychology and computer
science, he did his PhD at the Frankfurt Max Planck Institute for Brain Research and
Maastricht University, and worked as postdoctoral fellow at the University of
Minnesota and at the National Institutes of Mental Health. Nowadays, he is funded by
a tenured position at the Medical Research Council and has received a European
Research Council Starting Grant and a Welcome Trust project grant. He is part of the
Council and Program Committee of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping and
currently serves as Education Chair for the organization.
The objective of his lab is to understand the computational and neural mechanisms of
visual object perception in health and disease and their variation across individuals. In
this sense, they study representations of objects, places, and faces and higher-level
semantic content in healthy volunteers and also in selected clinical populations,
starting with autism. Their main methodology is high-resolution functional magnetic
resonance imaging combined with pattern-information analyses.
Object recognition is effortless for humans and animals, and yet it is one of the
unsolved problems of artificial intelligence. Their central challenge is to understand the
transformation of representations along the ventral visual stream, the level at which
natural categories and semantic dimensions are represented and the computational
mechanisms that enable the brain to perform object recognition so swiftly and more
reliably than current computer vision systems.
The contributions of his laboratory include characterizing the inferior temporal
representational space in humans and monkeys and modeling this representation with
deep convolutional networks. He introduced two widely used statistical analysis
techniques for brain-imaging data: information-based searchlight mapping and
[email protected]
representational similarity analysis. He has drawn the field’s attention to statistical
circularities that were widespread in systems neuroscience and helped the field address
this methodological challenge. He has advocated on reforming the scientific publication
system, favoring opened evaluation. Working with Diana Deca, he edited a
collection of visions for the future of scientific
publishing
in
Frontiers in
Computational Neuroscience.
Relevant publications.
Henriksson L, Mur M, Kriegeskorte N (2015). Faciotopy—a face-feature map with facelike topology in the human occipital face area. Cortex 72, 156-167.
Wimber M, Alink A, Charest I, Kriegeskorte N, Anderson MC (2015). Retrieval induces
adaptive forgetting of competing memories via cortical pattern suppression. Nature
neuroscience 18 (4), 582-589.
Kriegeskorte N, Mur M, Ruff D, Kiani R, Bodurka J, Esteky H, Tanaka K, Bandettini P.
(2008). Matching categorical object representations in inferior temporal cortex of
man and monkey. Neuron 60(6): 1126-41.
Kriegeskorte N, Mur M and Bandettini PA (2008). Representational similarity analysis
– connecting the branches of systems neuroscience. Frontiers in Systems
Neuroscience. doi:10.3389/neuro.06.004.2008.
Kriegeskorte N, Goebel R and Bandettini P. (2006). Information-based functional
brain mapping. PNAS 103: 3863-3868.
Wardle SG, Kriegeskorte N, Grootswagers T, Khaligh-Razavi SM and Carlson CA
(2016). Perceptual similarity of visual patterns predicts dynamic neural activation
patterns measured with meg. NeuroImage 132, 59-70.
Dr. Tim Vogels
Department of Physiology, Anatomy and
Genetics. Medical Sciences Division.
University of Oxford. Oxford, United
Kingdom.
Dr. Tim Vogels is a German computational neuroscientist working at the Centre for Neural
Circuits at the University of Oxford. He graduated in physics at Technische Universität Berlin
and neuroscience at Brandeis University. He received his PhD in 2007 in the laboratory of
Larry Abbott. After a postdoctoral stay as a Patterson Brain Trust Fellow in experimental
neuroscience with Rafael Yuste at Columbia University, he returned to computational
neuroscience as a Marie Curie Reintegration Fellow in the laboratory of Wulfram Gerstner
at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Tim was awarded the Bernstein
Award for Computational Neuroscience in 2012. Currently he works at the Centre for
Neural Circuits at the University of Oxford.
His work focuses on building models of cortical networks that contain our cumulative
current knowledge. In particular, they are interested in the neuronal interplay of excitatory
and inhibitory activity in cortex and how those dynamics can form reliable sensory
perceptions and stable memories. His aims to validate or falsify some of the current ideas
of how the brain works, and to generate testable predictions of cause and effect in active
neuronal circuits. His team hopes to contribute to a more targeted approach to both
experimental work and clinical application by suggesting hypotheses and probable
outcomes in a fast-developing field growing on big data.
[email protected]
Relevant publications.
Hennequin G, Vogels TP Gerstner W. (2014). Optimal control of transient dynamics in
balanced networks supports generation of complex movements. Neuron 82, 1394-1406.
Araya R, Vogels TP, Yuste R. (2014). Activity-dependent dendritic spine neck changes are
correlated with synaptic strength. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 111, E2895-E2904.
Vogels TP, Sprekeler H, Zenke F, Clopath C, Gerstner T. (2011). Inhibitory Plasticity Balances
Excitation and Inhibition in Sensory Pathways and Memory Networks. Science 334, 1569-1573.
Vogels TP, Abbot LF. (2009). Gating multiple signals through detailed balance of excitation and
inhibition in spiking networks. Nat. Neurosci. 12, 483-491.
Vogels TP, Abbot LF. (2005). Signal Propagation and Logic Gating in Networks of Integrateand-Fire Neurons. J. Neurosci. 25(46), 10786-10795.
[email protected]