ORAL UPF/ TESI DOCT Nicotine addiction phenotypes in a BAC transgenic mouse
... learning and memory processes and the differential effects of nicotine in genetically susceptible individuals. The first question to be addressed was if overexpression of nAChRs would increase the sensitivity to the pharmacological effects of nicotine, thus leading more easily to consumption. We the ...
... learning and memory processes and the differential effects of nicotine in genetically susceptible individuals. The first question to be addressed was if overexpression of nAChRs would increase the sensitivity to the pharmacological effects of nicotine, thus leading more easily to consumption. We the ...
Neural Mechanisms of Extinction Learning and Retrieval
... particular phase of extinction learning in which the animal is engaged. Like other types of learning, extinction occurs in three phases: acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval (Figure 1). Acquisition of extinction is the initial learning that occurs when conditioned responses are declining within ...
... particular phase of extinction learning in which the animal is engaged. Like other types of learning, extinction occurs in three phases: acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval (Figure 1). Acquisition of extinction is the initial learning that occurs when conditioned responses are declining within ...
Mismatch Negativity: Different Water in the Same River
... in frequency and suggested that these represented the normal N1 and an MMN, with the MMN occurring earlier than it would have if the frequency change had been part of a separate deviant stimulus. This idea is appealing, but it is also possible that the two components are part of the normal N1 respon ...
... in frequency and suggested that these represented the normal N1 and an MMN, with the MMN occurring earlier than it would have if the frequency change had been part of a separate deviant stimulus. This idea is appealing, but it is also possible that the two components are part of the normal N1 respon ...
Curriculum Vitae - Laureate Institute for Brain Research
... body, which is integrated in the insula cortex to provide “a general state of the body” contributing to how an individual feels at any given moment in time. The goal of this center is to determine whether modulation of interoceptive processing can be used to develop novel treatments for drug addicti ...
... body, which is integrated in the insula cortex to provide “a general state of the body” contributing to how an individual feels at any given moment in time. The goal of this center is to determine whether modulation of interoceptive processing can be used to develop novel treatments for drug addicti ...
Gastric Effects of Cholecystokinin and Its Interaction with Leptin on
... washout. Tachyphylaxis was tested by reapplying the test compound to the gastric compartment and observing whether the response to a given concentration of the compound varied by less than 5%. At the end of eight experiments, after the NTS neuronal responses to gastric peptides were observed, the va ...
... washout. Tachyphylaxis was tested by reapplying the test compound to the gastric compartment and observing whether the response to a given concentration of the compound varied by less than 5%. At the end of eight experiments, after the NTS neuronal responses to gastric peptides were observed, the va ...
Neuro-Bio-Behavioral Mechanisms of Placebo and Nocebo
... the chosen title itself may present a “picturesque contradiction,” because by definition pharmacology is concerned with the chemical properties of drugs and their effects on biologic mechanisms. It was common knowledge at that time that the pharmacological action of drugs as well as “other forces at ...
... the chosen title itself may present a “picturesque contradiction,” because by definition pharmacology is concerned with the chemical properties of drugs and their effects on biologic mechanisms. It was common knowledge at that time that the pharmacological action of drugs as well as “other forces at ...
Orbital position dependency is different for the gain of externally and
... The gain of visually triggered saccades partly depends on the position of the eye at the start of the saccade. Centripetal saccades are signi®cantly larger than centrifugal saccades. In addition, the peak eye velocities of centrifugal saccades . 158 are smaller than those of centripetal saccades of ...
... The gain of visually triggered saccades partly depends on the position of the eye at the start of the saccade. Centripetal saccades are signi®cantly larger than centrifugal saccades. In addition, the peak eye velocities of centrifugal saccades . 158 are smaller than those of centripetal saccades of ...
Implicit Operant Learning of Pain Sens
... Perceptual sensitization is a dynamical feature of pain perception that is displayed in a subjective increase in sensation [126]. Perceptual sensitization is provoked by repetitive (≥ 0.3 Hz), phasic or prolonged, tonic nociceptive stimulation and persists less than a minute (short-term sensitizatio ...
... Perceptual sensitization is a dynamical feature of pain perception that is displayed in a subjective increase in sensation [126]. Perceptual sensitization is provoked by repetitive (≥ 0.3 Hz), phasic or prolonged, tonic nociceptive stimulation and persists less than a minute (short-term sensitizatio ...
SOP #11 Acoustic Startle and Pre
... conditions appropriate for other sensitive behavioral measures, including constant ambient temperature and a regular circadian lighting pattern. Startle is best measured in the dark phase of a rat’s circadian cycle, when it is most robust and least variable; effects of circadian cycle on startle pla ...
... conditions appropriate for other sensitive behavioral measures, including constant ambient temperature and a regular circadian lighting pattern. Startle is best measured in the dark phase of a rat’s circadian cycle, when it is most robust and least variable; effects of circadian cycle on startle pla ...
pathophysiology of attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder
... Children with ADHD who are treated with stimulants have increased abilities to perceive peer communications and situational cues and to modulate the intensity of their behavior. They also show improved communication, greater responsiveness, and fewer negative interactions. Neuropsychological studies ...
... Children with ADHD who are treated with stimulants have increased abilities to perceive peer communications and situational cues and to modulate the intensity of their behavior. They also show improved communication, greater responsiveness, and fewer negative interactions. Neuropsychological studies ...
1
... characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Converging data from different studies point to ADHD abnormalities in fronto-striatal circuits. Structural neuroimaging studies partially support fronto-striatal abnormalities and suggest an important role of the cerebellum. Ho ...
... characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Converging data from different studies point to ADHD abnormalities in fronto-striatal circuits. Structural neuroimaging studies partially support fronto-striatal abnormalities and suggest an important role of the cerebellum. Ho ...
A neurotoxic regimen of MDMA suppresses behavioral, thermal and
... may be due to the loss of 5-HT nerve terminals following the repeated dose regimen of MDMA. The resulting defect in 5-HT neurotransmission may only be evident under conditions of stimulated 5-HT release, inasmuch as the basal extracellular concentration of 5-HT in the striatum, as well as in other b ...
... may be due to the loss of 5-HT nerve terminals following the repeated dose regimen of MDMA. The resulting defect in 5-HT neurotransmission may only be evident under conditions of stimulated 5-HT release, inasmuch as the basal extracellular concentration of 5-HT in the striatum, as well as in other b ...
A role for sleep in brain plasticity
... to the ability of the brain to persistently modify its structure and function according to genetic ...
... to the ability of the brain to persistently modify its structure and function according to genetic ...
Gamma Oscillations in the Hippocampus
... It has long been known that gamma oscillations emerge in sensory cortices in response to sensory stimulation (1, 67). Interest in gamma oscillations increased in the 1980s when researchers began to suspect that gamma oscillations in sensory cortices offered a possible solution to the so-called “bind ...
... It has long been known that gamma oscillations emerge in sensory cortices in response to sensory stimulation (1, 67). Interest in gamma oscillations increased in the 1980s when researchers began to suspect that gamma oscillations in sensory cortices offered a possible solution to the so-called “bind ...
ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ داوری ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﮕﺮه ﻋﻠﻮم اﻋﺼﺎب ﭘﺎﯾﻪ و ﺑﺎ
... Delayed-coupled neuronal networks yield stimulus-dependent synchronization and communication channels Transplantation of very small embryonic like stem cells to spinal cord injury rat model promotes movement recovery Interference Control In Elderly Bilinguals: Appearances Can Be Misleading ...
... Delayed-coupled neuronal networks yield stimulus-dependent synchronization and communication channels Transplantation of very small embryonic like stem cells to spinal cord injury rat model promotes movement recovery Interference Control In Elderly Bilinguals: Appearances Can Be Misleading ...
Chronic Use and Cognitive Functioning and Mental Health
... Studies of attentional deficits among individuals who use cannabis chronically have also yielded mixed results. Specifically, an fMRI study that compared those who use cannabis chronically to controls during a visual-attention task showed no differences in task performance. However, individuals who ...
... Studies of attentional deficits among individuals who use cannabis chronically have also yielded mixed results. Specifically, an fMRI study that compared those who use cannabis chronically to controls during a visual-attention task showed no differences in task performance. However, individuals who ...
... grey matter volume decreases in dopamine related regions also corroborate such deficits. Adults diagnosed with this disorder are likely to neuropsychological deficits involving working memory, attention and inhibitory control. The multiple pathway model proposed by Sonuga-Barke implicates at least t ...
Changes in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Following Delay
... better understanding of the neural processes that occur in humans while they are forming or using a memory. However, these advancements led to studies that have primarily focused on the neural activity evoked by stimuli presented during either encoding or retrieval. While this stimulus-evoked activi ...
... better understanding of the neural processes that occur in humans while they are forming or using a memory. However, these advancements led to studies that have primarily focused on the neural activity evoked by stimuli presented during either encoding or retrieval. While this stimulus-evoked activi ...
Cortisol modifies extinction learning of recently acquired fear in men
... complicate the picture of cortisol effects on extinction. These phases depict different memory stages (encoding, consolidation, retrieval), on which stress hormones can exert opposing effects (Wolf, 2009; Schwabe et al., 2010). In particular, neuroimaging studies on the direct impact of cortisol on ...
... complicate the picture of cortisol effects on extinction. These phases depict different memory stages (encoding, consolidation, retrieval), on which stress hormones can exert opposing effects (Wolf, 2009; Schwabe et al., 2010). In particular, neuroimaging studies on the direct impact of cortisol on ...
Cortisol modifies extinction learning of recently acquired fear in men
... complicate the picture of cortisol effects on extinction. These phases depict different memory stages (encoding, consolidation, retrieval), on which stress hormones can exert opposing effects (Wolf, 2009; Schwabe et al., 2010). In particular, neuroimaging studies on the direct impact of cortisol on ...
... complicate the picture of cortisol effects on extinction. These phases depict different memory stages (encoding, consolidation, retrieval), on which stress hormones can exert opposing effects (Wolf, 2009; Schwabe et al., 2010). In particular, neuroimaging studies on the direct impact of cortisol on ...
response inhibition is differentially related to instrumental and
... although both behaviors can be present. The study by Loeber et al. (2002) investigated response inhibition in children with ADHD, ADHD with conduct disorder, conduct disorder, no disorder and anxiety disorders (the latter will not be discussed). They aimed to investigate if response inhibition was a ...
... although both behaviors can be present. The study by Loeber et al. (2002) investigated response inhibition in children with ADHD, ADHD with conduct disorder, conduct disorder, no disorder and anxiety disorders (the latter will not be discussed). They aimed to investigate if response inhibition was a ...
Mice Lacking M1 and M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Have
... recognition was not affected. In addition the KO mice showed impaired learning in an associative odor-learning task, learning to discriminate odors at a slower rate, indicating that both short and long-term memory is disrupted by mAChR dysfunction. Interestingly, the KO mice exhibited decreased olfa ...
... recognition was not affected. In addition the KO mice showed impaired learning in an associative odor-learning task, learning to discriminate odors at a slower rate, indicating that both short and long-term memory is disrupted by mAChR dysfunction. Interestingly, the KO mice exhibited decreased olfa ...
Everitt et al. (2000) in The Amygdala - Rudolf Cardinal
... There is perhaps a tendency to assume that the amygdala alone is involved in associations between environmental stimuli and reinforcing events, especially in studies of aversive conditioning. However, not only is it clear that some forms of fear-motivated learning, such as aversive eye-blink conditi ...
... There is perhaps a tendency to assume that the amygdala alone is involved in associations between environmental stimuli and reinforcing events, especially in studies of aversive conditioning. However, not only is it clear that some forms of fear-motivated learning, such as aversive eye-blink conditi ...
Lateral Hypothalamus Contains Two Types of Palatability
... neural responses are stable across this length of session and volume of fluid consumption (Fontanini and Katz, 2006). Although the general stimulus delivery design remained the same from day to day, the electrodes were sometimes moved in 0.075 mm increments between recording days to sample more of t ...
... neural responses are stable across this length of session and volume of fluid consumption (Fontanini and Katz, 2006). Although the general stimulus delivery design remained the same from day to day, the electrodes were sometimes moved in 0.075 mm increments between recording days to sample more of t ...
Technologies émergentes de mémoire résistive pour les systèmes
... Santosh. From my advisor Barbara I learnt important qualities such as (i) Being self-critical and looking at things objectively. (ii) Pinpointing what actually matters; Barbara has a hawk’s eye, from a great height she can see a small fish in the vast sea. In other words, when you work on strongly i ...
... Santosh. From my advisor Barbara I learnt important qualities such as (i) Being self-critical and looking at things objectively. (ii) Pinpointing what actually matters; Barbara has a hawk’s eye, from a great height she can see a small fish in the vast sea. In other words, when you work on strongly i ...