IL-10 Alters Immunoproteostasis in APP Mice, Increasing Plaque
... proteinopathy and degenerative phenotype. Because of these effects and the plethora of therapeutic targets in the innate immune system, there is considerable interest in manipulating immunoproteostasis for potential disease modification in neurodegenerative diseases. Two long-standing and interrelat ...
... proteinopathy and degenerative phenotype. Because of these effects and the plethora of therapeutic targets in the innate immune system, there is considerable interest in manipulating immunoproteostasis for potential disease modification in neurodegenerative diseases. Two long-standing and interrelat ...
stimulant treatment history predicts frontal-striatal
... Segal, 1997; Volkow et al., 2001). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques offer non-‐invasive, accessible, and versatile tools to study stimulant effects in the developing human brain. Especially functional MRI studies investigating acute st ...
... Segal, 1997; Volkow et al., 2001). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques offer non-‐invasive, accessible, and versatile tools to study stimulant effects in the developing human brain. Especially functional MRI studies investigating acute st ...
Olfactory Learning in Drosophila: Learning from Models
... parameters of the learning paradigm affects the behavioral outcome in different ways. The relative timing between CS and US affects the hedonic value of the CS. Reversing the order changes the behavioral response from conditioned avoidance to conditioned approach. We propose a timing-dependent bioch ...
... parameters of the learning paradigm affects the behavioral outcome in different ways. The relative timing between CS and US affects the hedonic value of the CS. Reversing the order changes the behavioral response from conditioned avoidance to conditioned approach. We propose a timing-dependent bioch ...
First-in-first-out item replacement in a model of
... recurrent inhibitory transmission from the gamma interneuron population. As in Lisman and Idiart (1995), spikes produced in ECII by stimulus input are reactivated repeatedly by the combination of ADP and positive theta modulation of membrane potential at a rate that matches the frequency of theta os ...
... recurrent inhibitory transmission from the gamma interneuron population. As in Lisman and Idiart (1995), spikes produced in ECII by stimulus input are reactivated repeatedly by the combination of ADP and positive theta modulation of membrane potential at a rate that matches the frequency of theta os ...
Prefrontal Cortex Activity during Flexible Categorization
... tation (100 – 600 ms after sample onset), memory delay (300 –1100 ms 45, 46, and 12). Isolated neurons were not prescreened for task-related after sample offset), and test image presentation [100 ms after test onset activity such as stimulus or category sensitivity. Rather, we recorded to 2 SDs befo ...
... tation (100 – 600 ms after sample onset), memory delay (300 –1100 ms 45, 46, and 12). Isolated neurons were not prescreened for task-related after sample offset), and test image presentation [100 ms after test onset activity such as stimulus or category sensitivity. Rather, we recorded to 2 SDs befo ...
The relation of emotions to placebo responses
... The intensity of pain is often measured by a visual analogue scale consisting of a 10 cm line anchored with the words ‘no pain’ and ‘worst pain imaginable’. Alternatively, pain can be indicated by having the subject state vocally a number between 0 and 10, indicating the intensity of pain. The unple ...
... The intensity of pain is often measured by a visual analogue scale consisting of a 10 cm line anchored with the words ‘no pain’ and ‘worst pain imaginable’. Alternatively, pain can be indicated by having the subject state vocally a number between 0 and 10, indicating the intensity of pain. The unple ...
The relation of emotions to placebo responses
... The intensity of pain is often measured by a visual analogue scale consisting of a 10 cm line anchored with the words ‘no pain’ and ‘worst pain imaginable’. Alternatively, pain can be indicated by having the subject state vocally a number between 0 and 10, indicating the intensity of pain. The unple ...
... The intensity of pain is often measured by a visual analogue scale consisting of a 10 cm line anchored with the words ‘no pain’ and ‘worst pain imaginable’. Alternatively, pain can be indicated by having the subject state vocally a number between 0 and 10, indicating the intensity of pain. The unple ...
Viral restoration of dopamine signaling to the dorsal striatum
... associative learning component, and not the motor component of the task, it was first necessary to pretrain the mice to learn to lever press and obtain food from the reinforcement receptacle. During the pretraining, DD mice (n=10) were treated with L-dopa (25 mg/kg, 30 min prior to test) and exposed ...
... associative learning component, and not the motor component of the task, it was first necessary to pretrain the mice to learn to lever press and obtain food from the reinforcement receptacle. During the pretraining, DD mice (n=10) were treated with L-dopa (25 mg/kg, 30 min prior to test) and exposed ...
Supplementary Information (doc 137K)
... the three other zones (as in Figure 2b). During this probe test, WT-GFP, WT-CREB and Tg-CREB mice spent more time in the zone in which the platform was located during training [target zone (T)] than in the other equally-sized areas of the pool (zones 1,2,3), while Tg-GFP mice failed to selectively s ...
... the three other zones (as in Figure 2b). During this probe test, WT-GFP, WT-CREB and Tg-CREB mice spent more time in the zone in which the platform was located during training [target zone (T)] than in the other equally-sized areas of the pool (zones 1,2,3), while Tg-GFP mice failed to selectively s ...
Role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the ventromedial prefrontal
... processing. In this study, the effects of beta-adrenergic compounds on the extinction of contextual conditioned fear responses were evaluated. Rats were trained with footshock in a conditioning box. In the 3 days following the training, the animals were re-exposed to the apparatus and received eithe ...
... processing. In this study, the effects of beta-adrenergic compounds on the extinction of contextual conditioned fear responses were evaluated. Rats were trained with footshock in a conditioning box. In the 3 days following the training, the animals were re-exposed to the apparatus and received eithe ...
Applications of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve State-of-the-Art Update
... The patients who used TENS for postoperative pain control required 30 times less pain medication than did those in the control group. Improved pulmonary function, appetite, and ambulation indicated an earlier recovery for those patients who used TENS than for those patients who did not. Because the ...
... The patients who used TENS for postoperative pain control required 30 times less pain medication than did those in the control group. Improved pulmonary function, appetite, and ambulation indicated an earlier recovery for those patients who used TENS than for those patients who did not. Because the ...
The Placebo Effect: A Psychosocial and Neurobiological Review
... key element in their potentiation. In placebo analgesia by classical conditioning, the active analgesic first provided is the unconditioned stimulus (US), and its accompanied analgesic effect the ...
... key element in their potentiation. In placebo analgesia by classical conditioning, the active analgesic first provided is the unconditioned stimulus (US), and its accompanied analgesic effect the ...
Coexposure of Neonatal Mice to a Flame
... maze was raised 60 cm off the floor. Each arm was baited 3 cm from its outer most walls by placing a small food pellet (5 mg) behind a low barrier preventing the animal from seeing if a specific arm was baited or not. The animals were tested on 3 consecutive days, one trial per day. The tests were p ...
... maze was raised 60 cm off the floor. Each arm was baited 3 cm from its outer most walls by placing a small food pellet (5 mg) behind a low barrier preventing the animal from seeing if a specific arm was baited or not. The animals were tested on 3 consecutive days, one trial per day. The tests were p ...
The unified theory of repression
... Substantial experimental literatures on attentional biases, thought avoidance, interference, and intentional forgetting exist, the oldest prototype being the work of Ebbinghaus, who showed that intentional avoidance of memories results in their progressive forgetting over time. It has now become cle ...
... Substantial experimental literatures on attentional biases, thought avoidance, interference, and intentional forgetting exist, the oldest prototype being the work of Ebbinghaus, who showed that intentional avoidance of memories results in their progressive forgetting over time. It has now become cle ...
Eyeblink Conditioning During an Interstimulus Interval Switch in
... The role of the cerebellar cortex in eyeblink classical conditioning remains unclear. Experimental manipulations that disrupt the normal function impair learning to various degrees, and task parameters may be important factors in determining the severity of impairment. This study examined the role o ...
... The role of the cerebellar cortex in eyeblink classical conditioning remains unclear. Experimental manipulations that disrupt the normal function impair learning to various degrees, and task parameters may be important factors in determining the severity of impairment. This study examined the role o ...
A Study of the Effects of Caffeine and Serotonin
... Serotonin Serotonin (5-hydroxytrytryptamine) is a neurotransmitter that acts as a mood stabilizer. Serotonin is made with a very important part of protein- tryptophan. Serotonin helps in providing healthy sleeping patterns. It also helps boost your mood and is sometimes used as a treatment for depr ...
... Serotonin Serotonin (5-hydroxytrytryptamine) is a neurotransmitter that acts as a mood stabilizer. Serotonin is made with a very important part of protein- tryptophan. Serotonin helps in providing healthy sleeping patterns. It also helps boost your mood and is sometimes used as a treatment for depr ...
The Roles of the Amygdala and the Hippocampus in Fear
... unpleasant and used to investigate the neural mechanisms of emotional learning across a wide range of species, especially in rats. The fear conditioning experiment tests a rat’s response to a specific stimulus and measures how the responses change after learning. In the pre-training stage, the rat r ...
... unpleasant and used to investigate the neural mechanisms of emotional learning across a wide range of species, especially in rats. The fear conditioning experiment tests a rat’s response to a specific stimulus and measures how the responses change after learning. In the pre-training stage, the rat r ...
PathoLOGIC Hgh Deficiency and Somatopause
... • Increased the frequency of sexual thoughts (P=0.006), sexual interest (P=0.002), and satisfaction with both mental and physical aspects of sexuality (P=0.009 and P=0.02, ...
... • Increased the frequency of sexual thoughts (P=0.006), sexual interest (P=0.002), and satisfaction with both mental and physical aspects of sexuality (P=0.009 and P=0.02, ...
ex1
... ____ 32. Ramon is looking at pictures of scantily clad women in a magazine. He is focusing on their body parts, particularly their chest and legs. Which part of Ramon's brain is activated by this viewing? a. Fusiform face area (FFA) b. Parahippocampal place area (PPA) c. Extrastriate body area (EBA) ...
... ____ 32. Ramon is looking at pictures of scantily clad women in a magazine. He is focusing on their body parts, particularly their chest and legs. Which part of Ramon's brain is activated by this viewing? a. Fusiform face area (FFA) b. Parahippocampal place area (PPA) c. Extrastriate body area (EBA) ...
Fear conditioning, synaptic plasticity and the amygdala
... BDNF to PTSD [49]. In addition, transgenic, molecular and behavioral studies in rodents have provided insights into the underlying mechanisms of BDNF signaling in PTSD. There is burgeoning evidence for an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BDNF gene (Val66Met) and vari ...
... BDNF to PTSD [49]. In addition, transgenic, molecular and behavioral studies in rodents have provided insights into the underlying mechanisms of BDNF signaling in PTSD. There is burgeoning evidence for an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BDNF gene (Val66Met) and vari ...
Antinociceptive Action of Nitrous Oxide Is Mediated
... suitable for the performance of surgery for ⬎150 years. Because it is relatively impotent, it cannot be used as a sole anesthetic agent except when administered under hyperbaric conditions; therefore, it is most often used as an adjunctive general anesthetic agent for surgical procedures. The state ...
... suitable for the performance of surgery for ⬎150 years. Because it is relatively impotent, it cannot be used as a sole anesthetic agent except when administered under hyperbaric conditions; therefore, it is most often used as an adjunctive general anesthetic agent for surgical procedures. The state ...
Memory Maintenance in Synapses with Calcium
... orders of magnitude; (ii) adding a bistability mechanism so that each synapse has two stable states at sufficiently low background activity leads to a further boost in memory time scale, since memory decay is no longer described by an exponential decay from an initial state, but by an escape from a ...
... orders of magnitude; (ii) adding a bistability mechanism so that each synapse has two stable states at sufficiently low background activity leads to a further boost in memory time scale, since memory decay is no longer described by an exponential decay from an initial state, but by an escape from a ...
Learning-related postburst afterhyperpolarization reduction in CA1
... hippocampus-dependent trace EBC task occluded the PKAmediated AHP reduction in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Additionally, the learning-related AHP reduction in CA1 neurons was again demonstrated ex vivo. This reproducible AHP reduction in CA1 neurons after hippocampus-dependent learning establishes it as ...
... hippocampus-dependent trace EBC task occluded the PKAmediated AHP reduction in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Additionally, the learning-related AHP reduction in CA1 neurons was again demonstrated ex vivo. This reproducible AHP reduction in CA1 neurons after hippocampus-dependent learning establishes it as ...
Neural substrates for conditioned taste aversion in the rat.
... Several researchers [8.141.169] have shown that reliable CTAs can be established when the CS presentation coincides with the injection of LiC1 (US), or even when the US precedes the CS by 5 to 10 rain. In other words, when the US precedes the CS more than 10 min. no reliable CTAs can be formed. Comp ...
... Several researchers [8.141.169] have shown that reliable CTAs can be established when the CS presentation coincides with the injection of LiC1 (US), or even when the US precedes the CS by 5 to 10 rain. In other words, when the US precedes the CS more than 10 min. no reliable CTAs can be formed. Comp ...