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Download Unit 01 Biology and the Brain_Part 2
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Cerebellum • Bottom rear of the brain. • Means “little brain” • Size of a baseball • Coordinates fine muscle movements, non verbal learning Cerebellum Thalamus • Switchboard of the brain. • Receives sensory signals from the spinal cord and sends them to other parts of the forebrain. • Every sense except smell. The Limbic System Hypothalamus • May be most important structure in the brain. Controls and regulates • Body temperature • Sexual Arousal • Hunger The most powerful • Thirst structure in the brain. • Endocrine System Hippocampus • Involved in the processing and storage of memories. Amygdala • Involved in how we process memory. • More involved in volatile emotions like The emotion of anger has anger. not changed much throughout evolution. The Cerebral Cortex • Made up of densely packed neurons we call “gray matter” • Wrinkles are called fissures. • If you lay brain out it would be as big as a large pizza. The Cerebral Cortex is made up of four Lobes. Frontal Lobes • Making plans, judgment, speaking • Contains Motor Cortex: sends signals to our body controlling muscle movements. • Contains Broca’s Area: responsible for controlling muscles that produce speech. • Damage to Broca’s Area is called Broca’s Aphasia: unable to make movements to talk. Motor and Sensory Cortexes Parietal Lobes • Contain Sensory Cortex: receives incoming touch sensations from rest of the body. Occipital Lobes • Deals with vision. • Contains Visual Cortex: interprets messages from our eyes into images we can understand. Temporal Lobes • Process sound sensed by our ears. • Interpreted in Auditory Cortex. • Contains Wernike's Area: interprets written and spoken speech. • Wernike's Aphasia: unable to understand language: the syntax and grammar jumbled. Association Areas • Any area not associated with receiving sensory information or coordinating muscle movements. The Corpus Callosum Divides the 2 hemispheres, connects and carries message b/w the 2 hemispheres