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NERVOUS
SYSTEM AND
ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
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Slide 1
Notes:
Nervous System and Endocrine
System
Duration: 00:00:06
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Nervous Systems and Endocrine System
NERVOUS
SYSTEM AND
ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
Slide 2
Notes:
Neuron
Duration: 00:00:47
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Dendrite
NEURON
Soma
Axon covered in myelin sheath
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Slide 3
Synapse
SYNAPSE
Duration: 00:00:32
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Neurons are the building blocks of the nervous
system. Neurons receive and transmit
information to other cells. Dendrites are the finely
branched fibers that accept most incoming
messages. Think of them as the receivers. The
soma receives two types of message: excitatory
(think excited!!!) and inhibitory (think inhibit).
They pass the information to the cell body or
soma. If the soma decides to pass along the
information then it will initiate a message and
send it along a single transmitter known as the
axon. The myelin sheath covers the axon.
Notes:
The message has to pass along to other neurons
(nerve cells). The best analogy to explain this
transfer of a message to other neurons is to
imagine a row of dominoes falling. When you
stack dominoes in a line they don’t touch; there
is a gap. Neurons don’t touch each other either!
This gap is called a synapse. The synapse
serves as the communication link between the
two neurons. The chemical message is called
the neurotransmitter
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Slide 4
Central Nervous System
Duration: 00:00:46
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Slide 5
Peripheral Nervous System
Duration: 00:00:15
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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Notes:
The Nervous System is the entire network of
neurons in the body. The nervous system is
divided into two major divisions: The Central
Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous
System.
The Central Nervous System (CNS) is comprised
of the brain and the spinal cord. It serves as the
command central for all messages. The spinal
cord is the means for the messages to travel to
the brain but it also is responsible for simple
reflexes. Relexes happen automatically without
brain power. People with spinal cord injuries are
able to react to painful stimulus even if they don't
feel the pain! We will discuss the brain in further
detail in the next lesson
Notes:
Peripheral Nervous System connects the CNS to
the rest of the body. The peripheral nervous
system is further divided into two divisions:
Autonomic nervous system and the Somatic
Nervous System.
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Slide 6
Somatic Nervous System uses your Senses
Notes:
Somatic Nervous System
Duration: 00:00:39
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These
cookies
taste great!
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Slide 7
Notes:
Automatic Nervous System
Duration: 00:01:04
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The Somatic Nervous System takes in
information from outside of your body and carries
it to be processed in the brain. It uses your sense
organs and voluntary muscles. For example, you
see and smell fresh baked chocolate chip
cookies. The sensory input is carried to the brain
through the afferent system. The scent and
visual messages are sent to the brain for
processing. Your motor or efferent nervous
system sends the message to your hand to pick
up the cookie and bring it to your mouth. It also
tells your mouth to open, take a bite, chew, and
swallow.
The Autonomic Nervous System communicates
with internal organs and glands. So once you
swallowed that bite of cookie, the autonomic
nervous system begins its process. ANS handles
internal jobs like digestion, respiratory, heart
rate, and arousal. These processes occur
without you thinking about it. The ANS is further
divided into two divisions: Sympathetic division
and Parasympathetic division.
Sympathetic division arouses the internal organs
during a stressful situation. Often referred to as
the "fight-or-flight" system. This system helps us
respond quickly to a stressful situation. Some
symptoms such as increase heart rate, difficult to
breathe, or even your palms starting to sweat.
Parasympathetic division's job is to calm your
organs. Basically, it reverses the symptoms the
sympathetic division aroused. The two systems
work together.
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Slide 8
Endocrine System
Duration: 00:01:53
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Notes:
•
•
•
•
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The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System is comprised of
endocrine glands:pituitary, thyroid,
parathyriod, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries,
and testes. Each of the glands secrete a
specific type of hormone that influences
body functions, behavior and emotions.
Located in the brain, the pituitary gland
or "head" gland regulates the other
glands. The glands produce chemical
messages called hormones. Hormones
are similar to neurotransmitters but they
travel through the bloodstream. The
hormones once secreted into the
bloodstream travel throughout the body
until they reach their target, which could
include not only other endocrine glands
but also muscles and organs.
The pituitary gland or master gland
oversees all the endocrine responses.
However, the pituitary gland takes orders
from the hypothalamus. We will take a
closer look at the hypothalamus in the
next lesson. The endocrine system and
the peripheral nervous system work side
by side to send messages to the brain. It
is the brain's duty to decide which
messages will be sent through to both
systems.
Under normal circumstances, the
endocrine system, along with the
parasymparathetic system,work to
sustain our basic body processes.
However, when faced with a crisis, the
endocrine system works along with the
sympathetic system. The hormone
epinephrine or adrenalin is released into
the bloodstream during an emergency or
stressful situation. The endocrine
systems helps sustain the "fight or flight"
situation.
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