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The Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System 1. 2. Control center for all body activities Responds and adapts to changes that occur both inside and outside the body (Ex: pain, temperature, pregnancy) Central Nervous System Neurons : microscopic nerve cells that make up the brain, spinal cord, and nerves - 30,000 neurons can fit on a pinhead Anatomy of a Neuron Each neuron contains: - Cell body with nucleus - Dendrites : fibers that receive messages from other neurons - Axons : fibers that send messages to other neurons • Neurons do NOT touch; there is a gap between them called a synapse • Messages are sent across the synapses by special chemicals called neurotransmitters Communication Between Neurons - The use of neurotransmitters causes an electrical current There is enough electrical current in the brain to power a flashlight Two Major Divisions of the Nervous System Central Nervous System Brain: See previous notes Spinal Cord : Column of nerves from brain to tailbone – protected by vertebrae of spine - Responsible for: - Conducting impulses between the brain and the rest of the body *Impulses may travel as fast at 268 miles/hr Peripheral Nervous System Nerves : visible bundles of axons and dendrites that entend from the brain and spinal cord to all other parts of the body -Responsibilities: - Sensory nerves carry messages from body to brain (pain, pressure, temperature) - Motor nerves – carry messages from brain to body to respond • What parts of the brain did you use in that activity? • How did they communicate with each other? • In what other daily tasks will multiple parts of your brain work together? • Why was this a (potentially) difficult task to accomplish? • Did you successfully describe your drawing? Explain.