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Nervous System Detects and processes information and formulates responses; coordinates and controls all bodily activity. Nervous System The nervous system sends and receives impulses Nervous System Impulses - electrical signals that travel though the nervous system and provide information to the brain. Types of Neurons Sensory Neurons – carry impulses towards the brain and spinal cord. Types of Neurons Connecting Neurons – carry impulses from one neuron to another. Types of Neurons Motor Neurons – carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord to the body. Cell body (soma) Dendrite Myelin sheath Axon Synapse Parts of a Neuron Cell Body - often called the soma - contains the cell nucleus Parts of a Neuron Dendrite - branch-like - receives impulses Parts of a Neuron Axon - sends impulses away from the cell Parts of a Neuron Synapse - space in between neurons Parts of a Neuron Synapse - contains a chemical substance called a neurotransmitter that helps impulses travel Parts of a Neuron Myelin - protective sheath around the neuron Central Nervous System – consists of: brain spinal cord Meninges Cerebrum Thalamus Cerebellum Spinal cord Hypothalamus Pituitary Brain gland stem Medulla oblongata Central Nervous System Brain – major organ of the nervous system. Central Nervous System Meninges – three-layered protective covering of the brain. Central Nervous System Cerebrum – largest part of the brain Central Nervous System Cerebrum - has four lobes that receive and store information and are responsible for giving signals for voluntary movement. Central Nervous System Cerebellum – coordinates all movement, muscle activity, and balance. Central Nervous System Brainstem – connects the brain to the spinal cord and contains the medulla oblongata. Central Nervous System Medulla oblongata - dictates all life functions including: heart rate, breathing, and reflex actions. Central Nervous System Thalamus – a central relay system for all nerve impulses except smell Central Nervous System Thalamus - receives the impulses and then directs them to the proper part of the brain. Central Nervous System Hypothalamus – serves as a link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. Central Nervous System Pituitary gland – secretes hormones important for reproduction and growth. Spinal Cord – pathway for all impulses going to and from the brain. Spinal Cord – connects to the medulla oblongata Peripheral Nervous System – consists of nerves that relay information to and from the spinal cord. Peripheral Nervous System Sympathetic Nervous System –Responsible for emergency and stress responses: “fight or flight” Peripheral Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System - Seeks to maintain and restore normal body function, often called Homeostasis Peripheral Nervous System Homeostasis - a state of balance of the physiologic systems within the body.