Download Document

29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
Sponge 5
1) Sensory neurons: detect stimuli and transmit signals to
the brain and the spinal cord
2) Interneurons: receive signals from sensory neurons and
relay them within the brain and spinal cord
3) Motor neurons: pass messages from the nervous system
to the other tissues in the body, such as muscles
Please use your personal
experiences, or others’ experiences to
give examples of each.
Ex: Sensory neurons: When I touch boiling water my sense of
touch will transmit a signal to my brain. My interneurons
receive the signal and process that the water is hot. My motor
neurons allow me to move my hand away from the water.
Set
Cornell Notes
on pg.
29.4upCentral
and Peripheral
Nervous Systems
43
29.4
Central
2.1
Atoms,
Ions,and Peripheral Nervous
and Molecules System
•Topic: 29.4 Central and
Peripheral Nervous System
•Essential Question(s):
1. On pg. 42 fill out the tree
map with descriptions
(function/examples) of
each part of the nervous
system
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
KEY CONCEPT
The central nervous system interprets information,
and the peripheral nervous system gathers and
transmits information.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Function
Function
Brain
Spinal Cord
Reflexes
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Function
Function Brainstem
Examples
Function
Function
Examples
Somatic
N.S.
Autonomic
N.S.
Function
Example
Function
Example
Sympathetic N.S.
Examples
Parasympathetic
N.S.
Pons
Midbrain
Function
Function Medulla
Oblongata
Function
Examples
Function
Examples
Function
Examples
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The nervous system’s two parts work together.
• The Central Nervous System
(CNS) includes the brain, and
spinal cord. Processes
information.
• The Peripheral Nervous
System (PNS) includes four
systems of nerves and links
the CNS to muscles and
organs.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
If you have a question, you will raise
your hand to ask it. How do your CNS
and PNS work together to allow you to
raise your hand?
Your CNS passes a signal to a motor neuron in your PNS
causing you to raise your hand.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The CNS:
• The brain has three parts.
1. cerebrum controls
thought, movement,
emotion
2. cerebellum allows for
balance so body can
move smoothly
3. brain stem
controls basic life
functions
Brain
stem
(breathing, heart
beat)
midbrain
pons
medulla
oblongata
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
• The brain stem has three parts.
– midbrain controls some
reflexes
– pons regulates breathing
– medulla oblongata connects
the brain and spinal cord
and controls heart function,
swallowing, coughing,
vomiting
midbrain
pons
medulla
oblongata
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The Peripheral Nervous System: Collection of nerves
that links the CNS to muscles and other organs
(Sensory neurons/motor neurons)
The somatic nervous
system regulates
voluntary movements
Ex: Walking
The autonomic nervous system
controls involuntary functions
Ex: Digestion
– parasympathetic – sympathetic nervous
system: action and
nervous system:
stress (Fight or Flight)
calms the body,
conserves
energy
*Maintain homeostasis
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
• The CNS and PNS pass signals between one another.
1. Sensory receptors in
PNS generate an impulse
• PNS passes
impulse to CNS
2.CNS interprets
impulse
• CNS passes
impulse to PNS.
3. PNS stimulates a
response
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
Reflex arc- A simple pathway, including only a few neurons, that
carry out the simplest responses…reflexes.
Reflexes – automatic, subconscious responses to external or
internal stimuli
• Maintain homeostasis by controlling: heart rate, breathing
rate, blood pressure, digestion, swallowing, sneezing,
coughing, and vomiting
12
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
• The spinal cord controls reflexes.
– sensory neuron sends impulse to spinal cord
– spinal cord directs impulse to motor neuron
– does not involve the brain!!!!
interneuron
motor neurons
sensory neuron
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
Label the parts of this reflex arc:
1
5
3
Spinal Cord
4
2
Key: Effector Motor Neuron
Sensory Neuron
Receptor Interneuron
14
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
1 Receptor
5 Effector
3 Interneuron
Spinal cord
4 motor
neuron
2 Sensory neuron
15
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
ReceptorSensory neuron Interneuron  Motor neuronEffector
16