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_________________ System Co-ordinates all incoming and out coming information =______________________________ Brain • • • • ___________________ System Responsible for coordinating the actions of the body All animals have a nervous system Humans have a dorsally located ___________________(vertebrae) Anterior end of the nerve cord is ______________________ and is dominant controller of the whole nervous system Spinal Cord ___________________ Nervous System Communicates between the CNS and the rest of the body _________________ Nervous System • Nerves which control internal organs =____________________ • Further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems = _____________________ • Damage to your CNS often results in reduced function or movement, while ______________ to parts of the PNS often results in death ________ Nervous System Contains nerves of the skin, skeletal muscle and bone =___________________ _________ neurons- sends information from the CNS to the muscle cells or the glands __________ Neurons- Nerve cells transmits information about the internal and external environment changes to the CNS Neurons • Neurons are the _______________ of all nervous systems. • Most nerves are composed of many ______________ • Transmit impulses ____________ from neuron to neuron. • These messages are a thousandths of a second long. Neuron Structure • Although neurons differ in size and function, all are composed of similar parts: o Cell body: area of the nerve containing the nucleus o Dendrites: made of cytoplasm ! ________________________________ __________________ o Axon: cytoplasmic tail that carries the nerve impulse to other nerves or effectors o Myelin sheath: fatty covering along the axon of a nerve and of Schwann cells ! ____________________________ ____________________ o Neurilemma: thin membrane ____________ _____________ of the peripheral nervous system which promotes the repair of damaged axons • Variations of this general structures result from specialization of neurons for different function Elements of the nervous system • ______________ o Any organ that picks up stimulus o Ex. eye, nose, skin • Effectors o Any organ that _________________ o Ex. Muscle gland • Conductors o Transmit information about __________ between the receptor and an effector o Ex. neurons (include those in the brain and spinal chord) • Elements of the nervous system • There are three types of neurons in mammals: • Sensory o ____________________________ and passes it to the control center (CNS) o Can be up to 1m long • Associative o Transmit the impulses _________________ to a motor neuron or vice versa o Links sensory neurons and motor neurons o In control center (CNS)= ________________ __________ o Microscopic in size • Motor o Carries ____________ to an effector, such as a muscle or a gland o Range in size up to a meter long These 3 neurons, combined with a receptor, which detects impulses, and the effector, which acts upon the impulse ________ _____________________