Download the brain: anatomical regions

The brain is one of the few organs that can only use glucose to get ATP as
its energy source. Therefore, without some sugar in our bloodstream, the
brain will die.
1
Longitudinal fissure
CEREBRUM is the largest portion of the brain
Cerebellum is the second largest portion of the brain
2
Cerebrum is made of grey matter
Grey matter is made of cell bodies, dendrites, neuroglia, and unmyelinated
axons.
White matter is made of myelinated axons
3
The gyri and sulci increase the surface area, and the surface is where the
information processing is.
CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES.
4
CORPUS CALLOSUM
The right cerebral hemisphere cannot communicate directly with the
left hemisphere.
Autism is a neurological disease that includes problems with
communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
5
The CEREBELLUM is the second largest portion of the brain, and is
responsible for being able to balance.
Brain stem: PONS, MIDBRAIN, and MEDULLA OBLONGATA.
6
PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX : UPPER MOTOR NEURONS
Damage to Brodmann areas 18 and 19 causes inability to recognize what
one sees
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PRIMARY SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX
SOMATOSENSORY ASSOCIATION AREA
PRECENTRAL GYRUS
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PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX
In the occipital lobe
VISUAL ASSOCIATION AREA
9
PRIMARY AUDITORY CORTEX
AUDITORY ASSOCIATION AREA
10
Frontal lobe
No
11
HIPPOCAMPUS
They are stored throughout the brain, especially in the cerebral cortex and
cerebellum.
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
12
ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA
STROKES
The LIMBIC SYSTEM
13
The hypothalamus
hypothalamus.
14
Temperature, autonomic nervous reflexes, glucose and hormone levels,
and the visceral reflexes (digestion, sweating, hunger, and sleep)
THALAMUS
PINEAL GLAND
15
MIDBRAIN
PONS
MEDULLA OBLONGATA
16
CEREBELLUM
dura mater.
ARACHNOID MATER
pia mater
17
Ventricles and subarachnoid space
arachnoid and pia
An epidural.
18
Choroid plexus
Ventricles and the subarachnoid space.
1. Allows the brain to float.
2. It cushions.
3. Acts as the lymphatic system of the brain (it doesn’t have one).
19
This is usually congenital, caused by a blockage of the cerebral aqueduct.
Can be caused by a tumor in adults
Can be caused from virus (not that bad) or bacteria (can be fatal).
The main symptom is a headache
20
SPINAL TAP
ENCEPHALITIS
It can be caused by mosquito-borne illnesses, or bacteria
The dura and arachnoid mater both have lots of blood vessels, which
might rupture
Potentially fatal – blood accumulates and squeezes the brain
Tx = drill a hole
21
Lateral ventricle (largest)
Third ventricle
Cerebral Aqueduct
Fourth ventricle
22
Similar to plasma be/c it is derived from plasma
Made in the 3rd and 4th ventricle by the CHOROID PLEXUS
There are fenestrated capillaries there; the fluid spreads into the
subarachnoid space
23
Brain hits inside of the skull
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