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Review Unit #3: The Biology of Psychology An effective introduction to the relationship between physiological processes and behavior—including the influence of neural function, the nervous system and the brain, and genetic contributions to behavior—is an important element in the AP course. Identify basic processes and systems in the biological bases of behavior, including parts of the neuron and the process of transmission of a signal between neurons. Discuss the influence of drugs on neurotransmitters. Discuss the effect of the endocrine system on behavior. Describe the nervous system and its subdivisions and functions. Recount historic and contemporary research strategies and technologies that support research. Discuss psychology’s abiding interest in how heredity, environment, and evolution work together to shape behavior. Predict how traits and behavior can be selected for their adaptive value. Identify key contributors. Terms: be able to define these terms, they will be key for the matching section but some may pop up on multiple choice, true/false or fill in the blank questions. Acetylcholine/Serotonin/Dopamine/Epinephrine/Norepinephrine/GABA/Endorphines:______________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Action Potential/Nerve Impulse: ________________________________________________________________________ Adrenal Glands: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Amygdala: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Apraxia/Agnosia/Alexia: ______________________________________________________________________________ Autonomic Nervous System: __________________________________________________________________________ Biological Psychology: _______________________________________________________________________________ Brain: ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Broca’s Area: ______________________________________________________________________________________ Central Nervous System: _____________________________________________________________________________ Cerebellum: _______________________________________________________________________________________ Cerebral Cortex: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Cognitive Psychology: _______________________________________________________________________________ Dendrites/Axon/Myelin Sheath/Nodes of Ranvier/Terminal Buttons/Neurotransmitters/Synapse: _____________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ DNA/Gene/Genotype/Phenotype: ______________________________________________________________________ Dominant v. Recessive Traits: _________________________________________________________________________ Down’s Syndrome: __________________________________________________________________________________ EEG/CAT Scan/MRI/PET Scan: _______________________________________________________________________ Endocrine System: __________________________________________________________________________________ Excitatory/Inhibitory Messages: ________________________________________________________________________ Forebrain: _________________________________________________________________________________________ Franz Gall: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Frontal/Parietal/Occipital/Temporal Lobes of the Brain: _____________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Heredity: __________________________________________________________________________________________ Hindbrain: _________________________________________________________________________________________ Huntington’s Chorea: ________________________________________________________________________________ Hypothalamus: _____________________________________________________________________________________ Left/Right Hemispheres of the Brain: ____________________________________________________________________ Limbic System: _____________________________________________________________________________________ Medulla Oblongata: _________________________________________________________________________________ Midbrain:__________________________________________________________________________________________ Motor Cortex: ______________________________________________________________________________________ Nature v. Nurture: ___________________________________________________________________________________ Nervous System: ___________________________________________________________________________________ Neuron (afferent/efferent):____________________________________________________________________________ Parasympathetic Nervous System: _____________________________________________________________________ Peripheral Nervous System: __________________________________________________________________________ Phineas Gage: _____________________________________________________________________________________ Phrenology: _______________________________________________________________________________________ Pituitary Gland: _____________________________________________________________________________________ Plasticity: _________________________________________________________________________________________ Pons: ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Punnett Square: ____________________________________________________________________________________ RAS: _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Reflexes: _________________________________________________________________________________________ Sensory Cortex: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Somatic Nervous System: ____________________________________________________________________________ Spinal Cord: _______________________________________________________________________________________ Sympathetic Nervous System: _________________________________________________________________________ Thalamus:_________________________________________________________________________________________ Threshold (absolute): ________________________________________________________________________________ Thyroid: __________________________________________________________________________________________ Wernicke’s Area: ___________________________________________________________________________________ Main Ideas: the following concepts will appear in the fill-in-the-blank or short answer sections of the test. These topics are broader and can be found in the “Binder” or textbook. The Building Block of the Nervous System Be able to identify, locate and describe the functions of the parts of the neuron. Organization of the Nervous System How is the CNS, PNS connected to one another? How is a message received from you hands transmitted to your brain and back again? Structures of the Brain Be able to identify, locate and describe the basic parts and functions of the brain. Endocrine System Describe the nature and function of the endocrine system and its interaction with the nervous system. What glands of the body produce which hormones; and how do those hormones affect behavior? History & Approaches of Psychology Material concerning the goals of psychology, old & new school theories, and fields/approaches of psychology are “fair game.” Research Methods All material covered regarding research ethics, methods of study, and analyzing descriptive & inferential statistics is “fair game.”