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Biology 30
Module 2
Assignment 8
Copyright: Ministry of Education, Saskatchewan
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Biology 30
249
Assignment 8
Biology 30
250
Assignment 8
Biology 30
251
Assignment 8
Biology 30
252
Assignment 8
Assignment 8
Values
(40)
A.
Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each of the following and
place a () beside it.
1.
2.
ATP, as a ready supply of energy in a nerve cell, is needed to ***.
____
a.
____
b.
____
c.
____
d.
Probably the main benefit of a reflex action is that it ***.
____
____
____
____
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
prevents a sensation of pain
is a fairly rapid protective movement of some sort
has been well thought out beforehand
is based on previously successful or satisfactory
actions
A wild, amusement park or circus ride, combining circular with up
and down motion, has a tendency to produce momentary motion
sickness in participants. This is mainly a result of stimulation of
receptors in the ***.
____
____
____
____
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rebuild the membrane every time it undergoes a
partial disintegration as an impulse passes
push electrons along the outer surface of the
membrane
destroy the transmitting chemical in a synapse
between impulses
pump sodium ions back outside the membrane after
an impulse passes
a.
b.
c.
d.
eyes
cochleas
muscles
semicircular canals
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4.
"Nerve nets" are usually part of ***.
____
a.
____
b.
____
c.
____
d.
organisms which must make rapid movements from
one location to another
organisms lacking centralized nerve areas or brains
and also lacking central nerve cords
body systems where cephalization has become a major
feature
body systems where selective movements of specific
body parts have to be made
5.
The apparent condition where light focuses "behind" a retina, or
forms a blurred image because it meets the retina before focusing
properly, is known as ***.
____
____
____
____
6.
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a.
b.
c.
d.
farsightedness (hyperopia)
nearsightedness (myopia)
astigmatism
retinitis
Nerve "fatigue" results most frequently when ***.
____
____
a.
b.
____
c.
____
d.
the supply of ATP in a nerve cell is used up
the body is lacking a proper nutrient diet to establish
the right balance of ions along membranes
axon terminals cannot keep up in the production of
stimulatory transmitter chemicals or
neurotransmitters
a brain begins to "ignore" stimulations which occur
over and over again
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Assignment 8
7.
Most of the cell bodies of sensory neurons in a vertebrate are
located ***.
____
____
____
____
8.
9.
____
____
____
a.
b.
c.
____
d.
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the organism's death
a halt in all movements
uncoordinated movements of different body parts to
various kinds of stimuli
continuous, wild and uncontrolled jumping or
thrashing about without stimulation
The neurotransmitter is formed and released at the synapse by ***.
a.
b.
c.
d.
the dentrite
the axon
the cell body
myselin sheath
The part of the human brain responsible for such things as
memory, analyzing, interpreting and decision-making is the ***.
____
____
____
____
11.
in the brain
in the spinal cord
in ganglia just outside the spinal cord
just beneath the skin surface
Removing the mass of ganglia functioning as a "brain" in a simple
multicellular organism such as an earthworm or in an arthropod
such as a grasshopper would have, as the most immediate effect,
***.
____
____
____
____
10.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
thalamus
medulla oblongata
cerebrum
cerebellum
The main purpose of the undifferentiated glial or Schwann cells
associated with neurons is to ***.
____
____
a.
b.
____
____
c.
d.
assist in the movements of electrons along an axon
form a sheath of fatty tissue around a portion of an
axon or dendrite
produce a stimulatory transmitter or neurotransmitter
supply ions which take part in an impulse
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Assignment 8
12.
The part of the vertebrate nervous system which regulates internal
organs and glands is the ***.
____
____
____
____
13.
a.
b.
c.
d.
positive phototropism
negative phototropism
positive phototaxis
negative phototaxis
a.
b.
c.
d.
rod
cone
retina
optic nerve tract
A row of receptors found in a fish, which is sensitive to small
pressure changes, is a(n) ***.
____
____
____
____
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acetylcholine
dopamine
norepinephrine
all of the above
An eye receptor which is sensitive to low light intensity but not to
color is a(n) ***.
____
____
____
____
16.
a.
b.
c.
d.
A unicellular "animal" organism, Euglena, is attracted and moves
toward a light source. This action illustrates ***.
____
____
____
____
15.
central
peripheral
autonomic
voluntary
Parkinson’s disease is associated with inadequate production of
the neurotransmitter ***.
____
____
____
____
14.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
lateral line organ
operculum
air bladder
gill raker
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Assignment 8
17.
Sensations of hunger and thirst are started by impulses in
receptors which are located in the ***.
____
____
____
____
18.
smell
feel in the mouth
look or appear
arouse feelings of hunger
a.
b.
c.
d.
sense odors
grind and crush the prey which they ingest
locate some organisms by their body heat
store poison or venom
The part carrying an impulse toward the cell body of a neuron in
the following diagram is ***.
____
____
____
____
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Some snakes use their Jacobson's organs to ***.
____
____
____
____
20.
stomach
mouth and throat
hypothalamus of the brain
salivary glands
In humans, taste sensations of particular foods are most often
related to how these foods ***.
____
____
____
____
19.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
A
B
C
D
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Assignment 8
(5)
B.
Analyzing Impulse Movements
Using the key below, for each statement 1-5, choose the most suitable
condition to match each statement. Place the letter of that condition in
the space provided in front of each statement.
Letters A, B and C represent areas where blockages of impulses due to
severing or a local anesthetic may occur.
KEY:
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A.
B.
C.
D.
Block
Block
Block
There
is
is
is
is
at along the spinal cord before the brain.
along the sensory neuron.
along the motor neuron.
no block.
____
1.
An individual can feel something touching the hand but
cannot move the hand away.
____
2.
An outside tap on a certain area of the hand causes a twitch
or jerk to occur without the person ever being aware of it.
____
3.
Running a feather along the skin creates a tickling sensation
for the individual, so the hand is moved away.
____
4.
The person can move the hand, but there is no feeling of
movement.
____
5.
Placing a stick in the palm of the hand causes the fingers to
quickly close around it, with the individual only becoming
aware of the action after it is done.
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Assignment 8
(10)
C.
The Human Brain
Beside each number write the name of the brain part to which that
number refers on the illustration and indicate its main function.
Brain Part
Main Function
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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D.
(10)
Short Answer
1.
True/False: : Circle the T beside each statement that is true.
Circle the F beside each statement that is false.
Correct the false statements by crossing out the bolded word(s)
and writing the correct word above or below it.
Biology 30
T
F
a.
Sensory neurons transmit messages from skin
receptors to the brain and spinal cord.
T
F
b.
The brain and spinal cord constitute the
peripheral nervous system.
T
F
c.
The three main parts of a neuron are a dendrite,
an axon, and a nerve impulse.
T
F
d.
The gap between two neurons is called a
synapse.
T
F
e.
An involuntary action of the nervous system is
called a reflex.
T
F
f.
Motor neurons carry information away from
muscles and glands.
T
F
g.
Wrapped around the axon of a neuron, the
myelin sheath acts as an insulator.
T
F
h.
The corpus callosum connects the right and left
hemispheres of the brain.
T
F
i.
A chemical released at the synapse is called a
neurotransmitter.
T
F
j.
The spinal cord is protected by bones called
modules.
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Assignment 8
(15)
2.
a.
Distinguish between a neuron and a nerve.
b.
Identify the three general types of neurons and indicate the
function of each.
Type of neuron
Function of neuron
1.
2.
3.
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Assignment 8
c.
State two possible values of myelin to nerve cells.
d.
Describe the nervous system of Planaria and compare it to
the earthworm and to humans.
Planaria
Earthworm
Human
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Assignment 8
(10)
3.
a.
List four general roles of receptors and sensations to
organisms.
1)
2)
3)
4)
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b.
Distinguish between a receptor and a sense organ. Give one
example of each.
c.
What is nerve fatigue (or nerve adaptation)? Give an
example of nerve fatigue.
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Assignment 8
(10)
Biology 30
4.
d.
Pain receptors and the receptors which cause sensations of
pressures and stresses among the muscles and other
connective tissues within bodies tend to escape nerve
fatigue. Why is it important to organisms that they continue
to receive impulses from these two types of receptors?
a.
If the strength of a neural impulse is the same whenever a
stimulation occurs, why are some sensations of smell, taste,
sound, etc., stronger than others? (Give two reasons.)
b.
Why does an impulse eventually travel one way if it is
transmitted along a number of neurons?
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c.
State four ways in which the sympathetic part of the
autonomic nervous system may prepare a body for action.
1.
________________________________________
2.
________________________________________
3.
________________________________________
4.
________________________________________
d.
List two advantages arising from the increased size of the
cerebrum and cerebellum from reptiles to mammals
(humans).
e.
A person who may be involved in an accident, or who may
experience a stroke, could have a portion of the brain
destroyed. Certain skills could be lost. In some instances,
some skills could be redeveloped. Give a brief explanation of
the manner in which some skills could be redeveloped.
_____
(100)
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Assignment 8