Download auditory association cortex

Psychology 304:
Brain and Behaviour
Lecture 29
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Announcement
Please note that course evaluations are available online.
If you have not received an e-mail directing you to the
evaluations for this course, you may provide your
evaluation at: https://eval.olt.ubc.ca/arts.
Your feedback is extremely valuable—both to the
Psychology Department and to me.
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From last class ….
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The Structure of the Ear
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Pathways of the Auditory System
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Miscellaneous Points
1. Tip links.
2. Function of outer hair cells.
3. Duplex (duplicity) theory of pitch perception, duplex theory
of sound localization, tonotopic organization.
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Tip Links
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Cilia of Inner Hair Cells
Cilia of Outer Hair Cells
Hair Cells Images
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Tonotopic Organization
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The Auditory System
1. What are the major areas of the brain that are
associated with the perception of sound?
2. What is the neurological basis of deafness?
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By the end of today’s class, you should be able to:
1. identify the locations and functions of the primary
cortex, secondary cortex, and association areas for
the auditory system.
2. discuss the three primary causes of deafness.
3. explain how cochlear implants restore auditory ability.
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What are the major areas of the brain that are associated
with the perception of sound?
• The majority of thalamic neurons that receive sound
information subsequently project the information to the
primary auditory cortex. Thereafter, information is
projected to the secondary auditory cortex (SII) and
association areas.
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Auditory Areas of the Brain
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• Current theory suggests two large areas of auditory
association cortex: the prefrontal cortex and the posterior
parietal cortex.
• The anterior auditory pathway leading to the prefrontal
cortex is thought to be involved in identifying sounds; the
posterior auditory pathway is thought to be involved in
locating sounds.
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Pathways to Auditory Association Cortex
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What is the neurological basis of deafness?
• Although impaired hearing is a common human disability,
complete deafness is rare.
• There are three common classes of hearing impairments:
conductive deafness (outer or middle ear damage),
sensorineural deafness (inner ear damage), and central
deafness (cortical damage).
• Cochlear implants can improve the hearing of those who
have sensorineural deafness.
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Cochlear Implant
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Cochlear Implant
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The Auditory System
1. What are the major areas of the brain that are
associated with the perception of sound?
2. What is the neurological basis of deafness?
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