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Name: __________________________________ The nervous system Reference URL: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/nsdivide.html Divisions of the Nervous System 1. N_UR_A _A _O_Y is the study of the structure of the nervous 2. system. (1 mark) The two sections of the nervous system are: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ (2 marks) The Central Nervous System (CNS) The CNS consists of the _______________________ and the ___________________________ (2 marks) 4. The brain weighs __________________kg and consists of __________________________ neurons (nerve cells). (2 marks) 5. The spinal cord is about _____________ cms long and is encased within the backbone. (1 mark) 6. Does a bigger brain mean a smarter animal?? (Go to "My Brain is 3. Bigger than Your Brain" to find evidence and a reason to justify your answer) _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ (3 marks) The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) The diagram on the right labels the two sections of the CNS. Use a coloured pen to outline and label the Peripheral Nervous System. The PNS has two sections: the somatic and the autonomic nervous systems. Which of these systems is in use when you respond to touching a hot oven? _____________________________________________________(1 mark) 8. Which system is involved in the causing the contractions in your stomach as you digest food? ________________________________________________________(1 mark) 7. Practise pronouncing the parts of the brain by clicking on the wav file. 1 Name: __________________________________ The Brain (Part of the CNS) 9. Complete the table Part of the FUNCTIONS Brain Cerebral Cortex Cerebellum Brain Stem Hypothalamus Thalamus Hippocampus Basal ganglia Midbrain Refer to the diagram http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/nervous_anatomy.shtml Then go to URL: complete the drag and drop activity. http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/interactives/3djigsaw_02/index.shtml?nervous 10. What gender did you choose? __________________ What was your score? ______________________ (1 mark) Go to URL: Can you spot a fake smile from a genuine one? http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/mind/surveys/smiles/index.shtml 11. What was your score? _________________________________ (1 mark) 2 Name: __________________________________ 12. BRAIN BASICS Choose 2 topics from list one and 2 from list two: (4X2= 8 marks) Summarise what you find out (50 - 100 words for each) in a summary at the end of this document. Make sure you identify each topic. List One Our Divided Brain: Lobes of the Brain Functional Divisions of the Cerebral Cortex The Brain "Right Down the Middle" Brain Size/Cerebral Cortex 1 brain or 2? Split Brain Experiments She Brains - He Brains Brain Development The Nervous System in Old Age The Cranial Nerves The Blood-Brain-Barrier The Ventricles and CSF The Meninges Blood Supply of the Brain How the Nervous System Interacts with Other Body Systems Compare the brains of 9 different species The Invertebrate Nervous System The Brain during Sleep How Much do Animals Sleep? Brain Fitness - Your Guide to Good Brain Health Disorders of the Brain List Two "Higher" Functions Chocolate and the Nervous System Do We Use Only 10% of our Brain? Laughter and the Brain Oh Say Can You Say...The Brain and Language Nutrition and the Brain "Smart" Drugs? The Musical Brain What Became of Albert Einstein's Brain? Eugene O'Neill: What Went Wrong? Yawning: Why We Yawn and Why They are "Contagious" Moonstruck: Does the Full Moon Influence Behavior? Synesthesia Brain "Plasticity": Learning and Memory Face Recognition 3 Name: __________________________________ Go to URL: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/cells.html Types of Neurons (nerve cells) 13. How many neurons in a human brain? ______________________________ (1 mark) 14. What is the range of sizes of neurones? _____________________________(1 mark) 15. Neurons have similarities and differences to other types of cells: Complete the table Similarities to other cells Differences to other cells (4 marks) Neurons are specialized to carry electrochemical messages extremely quickly. Electrochemical pulses travel along the length of a neuron, then chemicals called neurotransmitters, carry the message across the gap (called a synapse) to the next neuron to start the electrochemical pulse in it. 16. Define these words: Dendrite: ______________________________________________________________________ Axon: ________________________________________________________________________ Cell Body: ____________________________________________________________________ Synapse: _____________________________________________________________________ Neurotransmitter: _______________________________________________________________ Sensory Neuron: _______________________________________________________________ Motor Neuron: _________________________________________________________________ Interneuron: _____________________________________________________________ (8 marks) 4 Name: __________________________________ 17. Make a neuron or brain model Go to: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/chmodel.html#string There are several ideas for making a model neuron or brain. Choose the model you wish to make. You will need to bring the materials you need (check out the requirements for each model). Your model must be completely labelled and you need to take a photo of the final product to include at the end of this document in your report. (10 marks) GO to http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/spinal.html 18. The appearance of the central nervous system is divided into gray matter and white matter. Find out what parts of the neurons make up the gray matter and white matter and describe them. Insert an image to show gray and white matter: _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Insert image _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________(3 marks) The Reflex Arc Go to: http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/reflexarcs.html 19. Complete the activity either stepping through the animations or watching as it is narrated. Complete the quiz at the end: What did you score? (2 marks) 5 Name: __________________________________ 20. Describe what is happening in this diagram. Use all the words in the diagram: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________(4 marks) Extension: E1. Complete activities and quizzes at end of page http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/cells.html E2. Complete reading on nerve gases: http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/weap.html E3. Watch the video on the fastest animal http://www.ted.com/talks/sheila_patek_clocks_the_fastest_animals.html E4. Uncode the message below C O D E D / M E S S A G E / G A M E __ __ __ __ __ / __ __ __ __ __ __ __ / __ __ __ __ 11 02 13 24 13 19 24 03 03 05 08 24 08 05 19 24 Use the code to find a quote about the brain from the famous neuroanatomist Santiago Ramon y Cajal (Born on May 1, 1852; Died on October 18, 1934). __ __ __ /__ __ __ __ __ /__ __ / __ / __ __ __ __ __ / 01 04 24 20 21 05 17 07 17 03 05 25 02 21 15 13 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ / __ __ 11 02 07 03 17 03 01 17 07 08 02 16 / __ / __ __ __ __ __ __ / 05 07 18 19 20 24 21 __ __ / __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ / __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ / 02 16 18 07 24 26 14 15 02 21 24 13 11 02 07 01 17 07 24 07 01 03 __ __ __ / __ __ __ __ __ / __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ / __ __ / 05 07 13 08 21 24 05 01 03 01 21 24 01 11 04 24 03 02 16 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ / __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ /. 18 07 10 07 02 25 07 01 24 21 21 17 01 02 21 09 6