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Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Chapter 9 Part 1: Organization of the Nervous System Part 2: Nervous Tissue: Structure & Function Part 3: The Synapse Part 4: Peripheral Nervous System Part 5: Developmental Aspects of the Nervous System & Drug Use Human Anatomy & Physiology The Nervous System Part 3: The Synapse Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System 9.5 AGENDA Do Now Introduction Mini-Lesson Summary Work Period Exit Slip Aim: What is a signal transmission? Objective: I will identify the general parts of a synapse and describe a signal transmission. SC.912.L.14.24 Do now: Think Ink…Pair Share Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System 9.5 AGENDA Do Now Introduction Mini-Lesson Summary Work Period Exit Slip Aim: What is a signal transmission? Real-world connection How drugs interact with the nervous system. Vocabulary nerve pathways, synapse, synaptic cleft, synaptic transmission, neurotransmitters, resting potential, action potential, reflex arc, receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector. Axons and Nerve Impulses Nerve impulses travel along complex nerve pathways. The junction between any two communicating neurons is called a synapse. The neurons are not in direct contact, but are separated by a gap called a synaptic cleft. Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System Slide 7.11 Nerve Impulses The process of crossing the synaptic cleft with a message is called synaptic transmission. Synaptic transmission is a one way process using chemicals called neurotransmitters. Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System 9.11 AGENDA Do Now Introduction Mini-Lesson Aim: What is a reflex arc? Objective: I will identify the parts of a reflex arc. SC.912.L.14.23 Summary Work Period Exit Slip Do now: Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System 9.11 AGENDA Do Now Introduction Mini-Lesson Summary Work Period Exit Slip Aim: What is a reflex arc? Real-world connection How drugs interact with the nervous system. Vocabulary nerve pathways, synapse, synaptic cleft, synaptic transmission, neurotransmitters, resting potential, action potential, reflex arc, receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector. Reflex Arcs 9.11 The simplest of our nerve pathways which includes on a few neurons is called a reflex arc. Reflex arcs are essential for involuntary actions called reflexes. Reflexes are automatic responses to changes within or outside the body. Examples Involuntary: heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, digestion Automatic actions: swallowing, sneezing, coughing and vomiting Reflex Arc Classification of Neurons Classified two ways: 1. Function (direction the impulse is traveling relative to the CNS…to or from) 2. Structure (# of processes extending from cell body) FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION Sensory (afferent) neurons Carry impulses from the sensory receptors Motor (efferent) neurons Carry impulses from the central nervous system Functional Classification of Neurons Interneurons (association neurons) Found in neural pathways in the central nervous system Connect sensory and motor neurons Animations http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/ chapter14/animation__the_nerve_impulse. html http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_wic kens_biopsych_3/114/29278/7495416.cw/ content/index.html Neurotransmitters Excitatory - increase membrane permeability, increases chance for threshold to be achieved Inhibitory - decrease membrane permeability, decrease chance for threshold to be achieved Types of Neurotransmitters • Acetylcholine - stimulates muscle contraction • Monoamines - Norepinephrine & Dopamine (sense of feeling good. Low levels = depression) • Serotonin (sleepiness) • Endorphins (reduce pain, inhibit receptors)