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The Nervous System -controls the body through electrical signals - is made up of the brain, spinal cord & nerves all over the body Neurons - are nerve cells Nerves – are a bundle of neurons Sensory neurons control your senses (taste, touch, see, hear & smell) Motor neurons control your muscles. Nucleus Dendrites – receive the message Cell Body Axon – sends the message Synapse – open space between two neurons The arrow shows the movement of the message A myelin sheath (found on some neurons) allows the message to travel faster (like insulation on an electrical cord ) Multiple Sclerosis - the myelin sheath is attacked by the immune system (autoimmune disease) After the myelin is destroyed it leaves behind scar tissue (sclerosis means scar). The scar blocks the message from being sent. To send a message the neurotransmitters are released into the synapse they bounce around & hit the receptors to send on the message. (like pinball hitting certain spots scores points) Neurotransmitters are destroyed by enzymes neurotransmitters axon synapse receptors Axon Neurotransmitters Synapse Receptors Dendrite Nerves and Drugs What kind of effects can drugs have? Axon What does this have to do with nerves? Why do different drugs create different effects? Different drugs affect nerves in different areas of the body Dendrite Enzyme destroying Example – hallucinogens affect the a neurotransmitter area of the brain that shows a visual image. Drugs affect the nerves at the synapse - They act like neurotransmitters hitting the receptors. - They block the enzyme from destroying the neurotransmitter after the message has been sent, so they keep sending the message The receptors get worn out & stop working (this is addiction) Addiction is when the person physically needs the drug to function normally.