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Hispanic and European Studies Program Course title: Neuroscience for Humanities Language of instruction: English Professor: Fernando Giraldez Professor’s contact and office hours: CEXS-UPF, at PRBB c/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona Office: 328.06. Office hours: 9am-5pm Phone: 933160838 [email protected] Course contact hours: 45 Recommended credit: 3 US credits-6 ECTS credits Course prerequisites: There are no prerequisites for this course. Keywords: Neurosciences, Perception, Mind, Art, Philosophy, Law. Language requirements: None Course focus and approach: Neurosciences study the brain, from genes and cells to behavior and it has provided radical new clues about how the brain works. This knowledge has strong implications for many areas of human activity outside the conventional environment of medicine or psychology, and expands to economics, laws, philosophy or art. The course focuses in the dialogue between neurosciences and humanities, breaking the gap between CP Snows’ “Two Cultures”. Course description: include here a brief description of the course contents (about 100 words) This is an accessible account of selected areas of Neurosciences of particular interest for Humanities and Social Sciences. The course starts with a general overview of the brain to then review how the sensory systems build up a representation of the world, with particular reference to the visual and auditory systems. Then we analyze examples of the constructive character of perception, brain categorization, and the construction of sensory images, space and movement. Finally, we address the question of consciousness and perception of self, to discuss the implications of Neurosciences in the foundations of knowledge, Law and Arts. Learning objectives: All courses should have a list of at least three academic goals clearly stated and defined by professor. Major goals are: 1) To understand the basic principles of brain function. 2) To understand the neural basis of perception. 3) To be able to apply knowledge in Neurosciences to central problems of Philosophy, Law and Arts.. Course workload: The course is based on lectures and discussion sessions. Students will read 4 short papers (two-three pages) and write 2 short papers/reports (one page) along the course. Students will do a 10 minute oral presentation to the class. There will be a mid-term and a final exam. Hispanic and European Studies Program- Universitat Pompeu Fabra 2014-2015 1 Hispanic and European Studies Program Teaching methodology: The course will be developed in a 2 hour class/session of a set of lectures (50%), seminar session (30%) and demonstrations (20%). Lectures are developed in 45 minutes and materials, power point PDFs, will be available in advance. There will be some selected lectures given by guest speakers. Seminars consist of problem solving, paper discussions and general discussions with invited speakers. Demonstrations include animations and interactive materials. Activities will be developed in English. It is expected that students contribute with their own background to discussions and works. Assessment criteria: Midterm exam: 30% Final exam: 30% Class participation: 10% Term paper and class presentation: 30% Midterm and final exam consist of an assay with four to five questions or problems to solve (typically in one written page) 2 Term paper and class presentation. For the Student Talks (STs), students will make an oral presentation to their classmates and teachers. Students will select a topic from a list of offered articles, or they may propose their own before week 5. They have to deliver an abstract by week 8, when presentations begin. The activity includes: 1) One page abstract of no more than 550 words (Arial 10) containing the relevant information and three references. A figure may be included if appropriate. 2) A talk of 10 minutes + 10 minutes discussion. 3) The presentation will be on the blackboard, a so-called "chalk talk", Power-Point not allowed. Absence policy After the add/drop, all registrations are considered final and HESP Absence Policy begins to apply. For the academic year 2014-2015, such policy is as follows: Attending class is mandatory and will be monitored daily by professors. Missing classes will impact on the student’s final grade as follows: Absences Up to two (2) absences Three (3) absences Four (4) absences Penalization No penalization 1 point subtracted from final grade (on a 10 point scale) 2 points subtracted from final grade (on a 10 point scale) Hispanic and European Studies Program- Universitat Pompeu Fabra 2014-2015 Hispanic and European Studies Program Five (5) absences or more The student receives an INCOMPLETE (“NO PRESENTAT”) for the course The PEHE/HESP attendance policy does not distinguish between justified or unjustified absences. The student is deemed responsible to manage his/her absences. Emergency situations (hospitalization, family emergency...) will be analyzed on a case by case basis by the Academic Director of the HESP. Classroom norms: - No food or drink is permitted in class - Students will have a ten-minute break after one one- hour session Weekly schedule (April 1st, 2014) Week 1. Tuesday Lesson 1. The neurons and the brain. Historical ideas on the brain. Basic principles of neuron function. Neuronal circuits and brain areas. Lesson 2 The evolution of the brain. How to explore the brain. Thursday Lesson 3. The representation of the world: the sensory systems. Organization of sensory systems: parallel processing sensory receptors, cerebral localization, distortion. Top-down and bottom–up processing. Seminar 1. How the brain works. Reading assignments: Kandel et al. (2013) The Brain and Behavior, in Principles of Neural Science chapter 1, pages 5-20 SfN (2012) Introduction to the Brain. Brain Facts. A companion to BrainFacts.org A primer on the brain and Nervous System. Introduction and Part 1, pages 4-17.. The Society for Neuroscience, http://www.brainfacts.org/~/media/Brainfacts/Article Multimedia/About Neuroscience/Brain Facts book.ashx Week 2. Tuesday Lesson 4. The visual world: from the retina to the brain. Rods and cones and retinal processing. Contrasts. Lesson 5. The visual areas in the brain. Feature extraction. The kantian brain. Brain categorisation: shape and objects. The conceptual neurons "face cells", the "object cells". Thursday Lesson 6. The construction of space. Binocular cues and monocular spatial reconstruction. The "place cells" and "grid cells": the Euclidean space in the brain. From Fra Angelico to Sorolla. The “tromp d’oeil” Seminar 2. The visual brain Reading assignments: Hispanic and European Studies Program- Universitat Pompeu Fabra 2014-2015 3 Hispanic and European Studies Program Vilis, T. (2014) L1The eye http://www.tutis.ca/Senses/L1Eye/L1eye.swf Vilis, T L2 The visual cortex http://www.tutis.ca/Senses/L2VisualCortex/l2v1.swf Week 3. Tuesday Lesson 7. Colour: what is colour and the construction of colour and light. Colour contrast. From medieval miniatures to Mondrian. Lesson 8. Neuroscience and art. Beauty and meaning. The evolutionary history of the beauty and history of art. Aesthetic universals?. Artists as intuitive neurologists. Is cubism a neurological fiasco? Thursday Lesson 9. Beauty and Neuroscience. Invited talk and discussion seminar. Thinking the Middle Ages: Images, simulacra and phantasmata by Prof. María Morrás, UPF Reading assignments: Zeki (1997) Satement on Neuroesthetics http://www.neuroesthetics.org/statement-on- neuroesthetics.php Conway & Livingstone (2007) Perspectives on science and art. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 17: 476 Ramachandran (2003) Reith Lectures. The emerging mind. Lecture 3: The artful Brain. Audio and printable versions: http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/reith2003/lecture3.shtml Week 4. Tuesday Lesson 10 Hearing. The inner ear. The auditory brain. The auditory space. Seminar 4 Audition Thursday Lesson 11 Music, hearing and brain. From hair cells of ecstasy. The role of anticipation. Music and language. Music and pleasure Seminar 5 Audition and music Reading assignments: Vilis (2014) L9 Hearing http://www.tutis.ca/Senses/L9Auditory/L9Auditory.swf Zatorre & Salimpoor (2013) From perception to pleasure: music and its neural substrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 110 Suppl 2 :10430-7 http://www.pnas.org/content/110/Supplement_2/10430.long Week 5. Tuesday Lesson 12. Smell, taste and flavour. The Proust's madeleine and the roots of neurogastronomy. Mid-term exam Thursday Lesson 13 Mirror neurons and dance. Invited talk and discussion seminar by Prof. Natalia Gozzano, Academia Nazionale di Danza. Reading assignments: Hispanic and European Studies Program- Universitat Pompeu Fabra 2014-2015 4 Hispanic and European Studies Program Shepherd (2006) Smell images and the flavour system in the human brain. Nature. 16;444(7117):316-21 http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v444/n7117/full/nature05405.html Week 6. Tuesday Lesson 14 Genes and culture: Early experience and perception. The “critical periods” of post-natal development. Brain plasticity: interactions between the brain and the environment. The question of "nature and nurture” Seminar 6 Genes and culture Thursday Lesson 15 Perception and consciousness. The problem of consciousness is it a scientific problem?. Do animals have consciousness? The levels of consciousness and states of consciousness. The perception of oneself. The body image. Seminar 7. Consciousness Reading assignments: Kandel et al. (2013) Experience and refinement of synaptic connections in Principles of Neural Science, chapter 56, pages 1259-1283 Edelman, Gally & Baars (2011) Biology of consciousness. Front. Psychol. 2011 Jan 25;2:4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3111444/ Ryle(1949) The concept of mind. Chapter 1, Descarte’s myth pages 1-12 Week 7 Tuesday Lesson 16 Conditions of knowledge: epistemology and neuroscience. Objectivity and truth. What is causality? Seminar 8 On knowledge Thursday Lesson 17 The religious brain. Myths and beliefs. Invited talk and discussion seminar by Prof. Emilio Suarez, UPF “The origins of myths” Reading assignments: Fingelkurts et al. (2009) Is our brain hardwired to produce God or is our brain hardwired to percieve God? Cogn. Process 10:293-326 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10339-009-0261-3 Week 8 Tuesday Lesson 18 Neurosciences and Law. Subjective responsibility. The question of the determination and free will. Invited talk and discussion seminar by Prof. ML Iglesias, UPF Thursday Student term paper presentations ST1 Reading assignments: Cashmore.A (2009)The Lucretian swervehttp://www.pnas.org/content/107/10/4499.long Ryle(1949) The concept of mind. Chapter III, The will, pages 49-68 Hispanic and European Studies Program- Universitat Pompeu Fabra 2014-2015 5 Hispanic and European Studies Program Week 9 Tue Student term paper presentations ST2 Thu Student term paper presentations ST3 Week 10 Tue Seminar 9 General discussion Thu Final exam Recommended bibliography: (ordered from most general to specific) KANDEL, E.R., SCHWARTZ, J.H., JESSEL, T.M., SIEGELBAUM, S.A. and HUNDSPETH, A.J. (2013) Principles of Neural Science. Fifth Edition. McGrawHill, New York, USA PURVES, D., CABEZA, R., HUETTEL, S.A., LaBAR, K. S., PLATT, M.L. WOLDORFF, M. G. (2013) Principles of Cognitive Neuroscience Second Edition., Sinauer Ass., Inc. Publishers, USA VILIS, T. (2014) The Physiology of the Senses Transformations for Perception and Action http://www.tutis.ca/Senses/index.htm ZEKI, S. (1997) The Wodhull Lecture: visual art and the visual brain. Proc. Royal Institution of Great Britain, pp29-63 http://www.vislab.ucl.ac.uk/pdf/Woodhull.pdf EDELMAN, G.M., GALLY, J.A. and BAARS, B.J. (2011) Biology of consciousness. Front. Psychol. 2011 Jan 25;2:4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3111444/ BUCKHOLTZ JW, MAROIS R. (2012) The roots of modern justice: cognitive and neural foundations of social norms and their enforcement. Nat Neurosci.15(5):655-6 http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v15/n5/full/nn.3087.html Further reading (following the order of lessons) ZEKI, S. (1999) Inner Vision. An exploration of art and the brain. Oxford University Press LIVINGSTONE, M. (2014) Vision and Art: The Biology of Seeing, Harry N. Abrams Pub. See also: (2009) What art can tell us about the brain. Lecture at the University of Michigan http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=338GgSbZUYU TH NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (2006) From mirror neurons to the Mona Lisa. Visual Art and Brain. http://www.nyas.org/publications/EBriefings/Detail.aspx?cid=c9e01685-57ed4a63-b917-f3bb862caa2b CONWAY, B.R. (2012) Color Consilence: color through the lens of art practice, history, philosophy, and neuroscience Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1251, The Year in Cognitive Neuroscience pages 77–94 Hispanic and European Studies Program- Universitat Pompeu Fabra 2014-2015 6 Hispanic and European Studies Program http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.17496632.2012.06470.x/abstract;jsessionid=B9E1A47026571CF924C26D219375B D9D.f04t02 BIZLEY J.K., COHEN Y.E. (2013) The what, where and how of auditory-object perception. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013 Oct;14(10):693-707 http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v14/n10/full/nrn3565.html SACKS, O. (2008) Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain. Vintage Books, US ZATORRE RJ, SALIMPOOR VN. (2013) From perception to pleasure: music and its neural substrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 110 Suppl 2:10430-7 http://www.pnas.org/content/110/Supplement_2/10430.long SHEPHERD GM (2006) Smell images and the flavour system in the human brain. Nature. 16;444(7117):316-21. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v444/n7117/full/nature05405.html RYLE, G. (1949) The concept of mind. Routledge, 2009 UTHealth (2014) Neuroscience Online. An electronic textbook for the Neurosciences, University of Texas, Dept. Neurobiology and Anatomy http://nba.uth.tmc.edu/neuroscience/ THE SECOND RAYMOND AND BEVERLY SACKLER U.S.A.-U.K. SCIENTIFIC FORUM: NEUROSCIENCE AND THE LAW http://sites.nationalacademies.org/PGA/stl/PGA_062477 7 Hispanic and European Studies Program- Universitat Pompeu Fabra 2014-2015