Download UNIT 2 REVIEW GUIDE *Be able to identify/label parts of the neuron

UNIT 2 REVIEW GUIDE
*Be able to identify/label parts of the neuron & synapse.
*Be able to identify lobes of the cerebral cortex.
1. A chemical or substance that blocks 2. What is the function of the axon?
a neurotransmitter or prevents its
release is known as a(n)….
3. What is the fatty substance that
surrounds the axon to speed up the
neural message?
4. Which division of the peripheral
nervous system is used when
voluntarily moving, such as to write
with a pencil or kick a soccer ball?
5. Which neurotransmitter is
associated with movement, attention,
and emotions such as pleasure and
satisfaction?
6. Which division of the peripheral
nervous system consists of
involuntary movements and
functions?
7. Which division of the autonomic
peripheral nervous system results in
the “fight or flight” response?
8. What are the physiological changes
that occur during the “fight or flight”
response?
9. Which division of the autonomic
peripheral nervous system calms the
body down after stress?
10. Describe a neuron at its resting
potential.
11. What happens when a neuron
reaches its action potential? How
does it reach the action potential?
12. A neuron will fire an impulse at
the same strength no matter what.
What is this called?
13. The fluid-filled gap between
14. The chemical messengers between 15. What are receptor sites?
neurons are the…
neurons is the _______________.
16. When a neurotransmitter
increases the likelihood that the
receiving neuron will fire an impulse,
it is considered a(n)….
17. When a neurotransmitter
decreases the likelihood that the
receiving neuron will fire an impulse,
it is considered a(n)….
18. Explain a simple reflex arc.
19. Too much dopamine is associated
20. Which part of the brain relays
incoming messages from the body to
higher parts of the brain?
21. Which brain scan uses electrodes
to show brain wave activity, mainly for
sleep and attention research?
22. A chemical or substance that
mimics a neurotransmitter and
therefore amplifies its effects is
known as a….
23. Which part of a neuron receives
messages from other neurons?
24. Which neurotransmitter is
responsible for reducing anxiety?
25. Which division of the nervous
system consists of just the brain and
spinal cord?
26. Which neurotransmitter regulates
mood, appetite, and sleep, as well as
helps in concentration?
27. Which neurotransmitter is
involved in the “fight or flight”
response by increasing heart rate?
28. Which neurotransmitter is
associated with memory and muscle
movement?
29. Which part of the brain primarily
manages our motor coordination and
balance?
30. A deficiency in which
neurotransmitter(s) is associated with
depression?
with ___________________. Too little
dopamine is associated with
____________________________.
31. Which brain scan uses a magnetic
field to show the structure of the
brain?
32. Which brain scan uses a tracer
substance to detect glucose or oxygen
use, so that we can tell the activity
levels and function of parts of the
brain?
33. Which rain scan combines the PET
and MRI scans to show both the
structure and function of the brain?
34. Which brain scan uses x-ray
imaging to detect the structure of the
brain?
35. Which part of the brain deals with
heart rate, respiration/breathing, and
other non-conscious but vital
functions?
36. What illness might result from too
little acetylcholine (ACh) in the brain?
37. Which part of the brain is
responsible for keeping our attention
focused as well as filtering incoming
stimuli?
38. Which part of the brain is
responsible for our
39. Which system in the brain consists
of the amygdala, hippocampus,
hypothalamus, and thalamus?
40. Which part of the brain processes
memories?
41. Which neurotransmitter is the
body’s natural painkiller?
42. Which part of the brain regulates
body temperature, hunger, and thirst,
as well as coordinates with the
endocrine system?
43. The wrinkly outer layer of the
44. What are the functions of the left
hemisphere of the cerebrum?
45. What are the functions of the right
hemisphere of the cerebrum?
cerebrum which consists of four lobes
is called the ____________________.
46. Which lobe of the brain interprets
visual information?
47. Which lobe of the brain interprets
auditory information?
48. Which lobe of the brain is
responsible for critical thinking,
personality, decision-making, and
forward planning?
49. Which lobe of the brain is
responsible for interpreting touch,
pain, and pressure sensations?
50. If I touch a piece of the ________
cortex, a part of the patient’s body
might move.
51. If I touch a piece of the
_________________ cortex, the
patient might feel a sensation in that
place of the body.
52. What structure transfers
information between right and left
hemispheres?
53. What area in the brain is
responsible for producing speech
(language output)?
54. What area in the brain is
responsible for understanding speech
(language input)?