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Question Answer What are the types of neurones in the parasympathetic nervous system? 2 neurons in parasympathetic nervous system. A preganglionic neurone and a post ganglionic neurone. Post ganglionic neurone is found in the target tissue. How do parasympathetic preganglionic neurons travel to the upper abdominal viscera? Through the vagus nerve How do sympathetic nerves travel? Originate in lateral horn and leave spinal cord through ventral roots through preganglionic roots to postganglionic neurone. The synapse between pre and post ganglionic neurons occur near spinal cord. What is interesting about some viscera's sympathetic innervation? in some abdominal viscera some preganglionic neurones travel through the sympathetic trunk through ganglia without synapsing and instead synapse at the target organs. What does the grey communicating ramus contain? neurons. It is more proximal Grey ramus contains post ganglionic What does the white communicating ramus contain? contains preganglionic neurones White communicating ramus is distal and What happens to preganglionic neurones before exiting the sympathetic trunk? preganglionic neurons can synapse with other preganglionic neurons and then can travel up the sympathetic trunk to the viscera of the head.Synapse with postganglionic neurons and travel to thoracic viscera continue through the trunk and synapse with the postganglionic neurons at the target tissue. What is the function of visceral afferent neurons? Provide sensory information from viscera. Sense distension of viscera. Cause sensing of visceral pain. How do visceral afferent neurons reach the CNS? They typically follow sympathetic pathways to the CNS.They can also follow parasympathetic pathways to the CNS.This is the reason for feeling referred pain. What causes referred pain? visceral pain is cause by the convergence of 2 inputs of a population of neurons at a given spinal segment. What kind of ribs are there and which ones are they? Ribs 1 - 7 are considered true.Ribs 8 - 10 are considered false (They do not connect to the sternum)Ribs 10 and 12 are considered floating (have no connection at costal cartilage) What are the features of typical ribs? typical ribs (ribs 3 - 9) have angles(posterolaterally), a head, neck, articular facet, and shaft. At its costal end it has costal cartilage.Typical ribs have a costal groove for nerves and blood vessels to pass through protected. What does the sternum look like? sternum is angled with many attachment sites for ribs. What structures on vertebrae articulate with ribs? inferior demifacet for the head of a rib. Each thoracic vertebra has a superior and