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Anatomy BISOT Name(s): _______________________ Team:_______________________ Multiple Choice _____1. Nociceptors are responsible for which taste sensation? a. bitter b. sour c. spicy d. umami _____2. Which disease of the eye is detected by tonometry? a. Macular degeneration b. uveitis c. glaucoma d. conjunctivitis _____3. What portion of the eye is visible? a. ½ b. ¼ c. 1/5 d. 1/6 _____4. What are the names of the muscles that are attached to the outer surface of the eye and are responsible for allowing the eyes to follow moving objects? a. Obicularis oculi b. extrinsic eye muscles c. conjunctiva d. lacrimal apparatus _____5. What are is the primary function of the conjunctiva? a. Protect the sclera b. Lubricate the cornea c. Produce fluid for the aqueous humor d. Block passage of fluid back into the eye _____6. What type of membrane is the conjunctiva? a. serous b. parietal c. synovial d. ocular _____7. What is the proper name for the decreasing elasticity of the lens due to the effects of aging? a. presbyopia b. astigmatism c. hyperopia d. myopia _____8. What is the enzyme that destroys bacteria on the surface of the eye? a. lysozyme b. lacrimal fluid c. cerumen d. none of these _____9. What is the delicate membrane that covers part of the exterior surface of the eyeball? a. conjunctiva b. sclera c. vitreous humor d. macula _____10. Which of the following is not a layer of the eyeball? a. lacrimus b. choroid c. sclera d. retina _____11. Which part of the eye is considered the “white” of the eye? a. choroid b. iris c. sclera d. retina _____12. Where are the rods and cones most concentrated in the retina? a. At the base of the optical nerve b. Near the fovea c. They are located throughout the retina d. Lon the cornea _____13. What is caused by unequal curvatures in different parts of the cornea or lens? a. myopia b. hyperopia c. astigmatism d. colorblindness _____14. What is a condition that results from the hardening of the lens and causes vision to become hazy? a. astigmatism b. glaucoma c. colorblindness d. cataracts _____15. Which major area of the ear is responsible for hearing and equilibrium? a. inner ear b. middle ear c. outer ear d. all of these _____16. The shell shaped structure also known as the auricle is the? a. pinna b. external auditory canal c. malleus d. stapes _____17. When the sound waves enter the external auditory canal, they then hit the ____. a. ceruminous glands b. oval window c. tympanic membrane d. auditory tube _____18. The inner ear structure that resembles a shell and houses multiple receptors is known as the ____. a. hammer b. cochlea c. vestibule d. semicircular canals _____19. The structure that contains the hearing receptors is known as the ____. a. cochlea b. organ of Corti c. vestibule d. stirrup _____20. This hearing deficit occurs when something interferes with the passage of sound vibrations to the fluids of the inner ear. a. conduction deafness b. presbycusis c. sensorineural deafness d. vertigo (Meniere’s disease) _____21. Which structures, located in the superior part of the nasal cavity, aid in your sense of smell? a. sensorineural receptors b. olfactory receptors c. auditory receptors d. organ of Corti _____22. Where are sweet receptors located on the tongue? a. Only on the tip b. Only on the sides c. Only in the back d. All over the tongue _____23. At which stage of development do the eyes begin to form? a. by the 2nd week b. by the 2nd month c. by the 4th week d. by the 4th month _____24. What is the name of the structure that links the middle ear with the throat? What is its function? a. Cerumen :: line the ear to allow passage of air b. Eardrum :: articulates sound to ear c. Pinna :: receives sound from exterior sources d. auditory tube :: allows balance of air pressure _____25. How much of taste is smell? a. 40% b. 50% c. 10% _____26. What sense of taste was most recently discovered as a result of studies of Asian cuisine? a. wasabi b. umami c. edamame d. Okazaki d. 80% Match the disorder to the descriptions _____27. Conjunctivitis a. age-related deafness that results in the inability to hear higher frequencies _____28. Presbycusis b. The inability to regulate the sense of up or down, causes dizziness _____29. Tinnitus c. clouding of the lenses resulting in a loss of the center of vision _____30. Colorblindness d. inflammation of the membrane that helps protect the sclera and eyelid _____31.Cataracts e. A constant ringing in the ears ae. the inability to distinguish between certain frequencies of light due to the absence of certain cone cells Match the following “common names” to the proper names. _____32. Hammer a. stapes _____33. Anvil b. hyperopia _____34. Stirrup c. cerumen _____35. Earwax d. tympanic membrane _____36. Nearsighted e. myopia _____37. Farsighted ab.. incus _____38. Conjunctivitis ac. pinkeye _____39. Lacrimal secretions ad. malleus _____40. Eardrum ae. tears Multiple Choice – Choose the letter of choice that best answers the question. 41. a. b. c. d. e. The ___________ system is the master controlling and communicating system of the body for ____________ changes. Endocrine::systemic Cardiovascular::speedy Nervous::gradual Skeletal::societal Integumentary::circulation a. b. c. d. e. The peripheral nervous system consists of the: Nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord Spinal cord Brain and spinal cord Brain Associative nerves only 42. a. b. c. d. e. 43. The central nervous system consists of the: Nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord Spinal cord Brain stem Brain and spinal cord Brain 44. a. b. c. d. e. The __________ division of the nervous system consists of nerve fibers that carry impulses to the CNS from the sensory receptors and keeps the CNS constantly informed of the activities going on inside and outside the body. Motor Sensory Efferent Somatic Autonomic 45. The ____________ division of the nervous system carries impulses from the CNS to the organs, glands, and muscles to activate them. a. b. c. d. e. Motor Sensory Afferent Different Parasympathetic a. b. c. d. 46. Which of the following does not match its function? Astrocytes: signaling changes to the neurons Microglia: cleaning out debris Oligodendrocytes: protections and insulation Ependymal cells: circulating cerebrospinal fluid a. b. c. d. e. 47. What is the correct path for a nerve signal? Axon, dendrites, nodes of Ranvier Body, axon, dendrites, Axon, body, dendrites Dendrite, body, axon, synapse Node of Ranvier, body, axon, dentrites a. b. c. d. e. 48. What are the components of the neuron that wrap around and insulate the axons called? Nissl substance Nucleus Node of Ranvier Schwann cells Dendrite a. b. c. d. e. 49. Neurons that carry impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands are called: Sensory Motor Efferent Parasympathetic B and c are correct a. b. c. d. e. 50. Neurons that have only 2 processes and are found only in the eye and ear are called: Sensory Motor Association Multipolar Bipolar a. b. c. d. e. 51. Rapid, predictable, and involuntary responses to stimuli are called: Receptors Transeivers Reflexes Impulses Twitches a. b. c. d. e. 52. This section of the brain is divided into the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes. Cerebrum Cerebellum Brain Stem Medulla Diencephalons a. b. c. d. e. 53. Which of the following is NOT a structural feature of a neuron? Synaptic cleft Cell body Dendrites Axon Node of Ranvier a. b. c. d. e. 54. The three major parts of the brain stem are the: Cerebrum, cerebellum, and diencephalons Thalamus, epithalamus, and hypothalamus Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata Basal nuclei, pineal body, and choroids a. b. c. d. e. 55. Control of set points like body temperature and blood pressure are functions associated with the: Medulla oblongata Cerebellum Hypothalamus Thalamus Cerebrum a. b. c. d. e. 56. Which of the following is the correct sequence from outermost to innermost layers of the meninges? Pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater Arachnoid mater, dura mater, pia mater Dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid mater Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater a. b. c. d. e. 57. Which of the following is a traumatic brain injury? Meningitis Alzheimer’s disease Aphasia Cerebral edema Parkinson’s disease a. b. c. d. e. 58. Afferent nerves are also called: Motor nerves Efferent nerves Mixed nerves Sensory nerves Cranial nerves a. b. c. d. e. 59. Preparing the body for the “fight-or-flight” response is the role of the: Sympathetic NS Cerebrum Parasympathetic NS Somatic NS Afferent NS 60. a. b. c. d. e. Which of the following parts of the brain deals with skeletal muscle movement? Damage to this part could result in ataxia and loss of muscle tone. Diencephalons Midbrain Cerebellum Cerebrum Brain stem a. b. c. d. e. 61. Which of the following is NOT a protection/barrier for the CNS? Pia mater CSF Skull Arachnoid mater Serotonin uptake inhibitors 62. a. b. c. d. e. This type of brain injury causes no permanent brain damage but may cause one to “see stars” or lose consciousness briefly: Contusion Concussion Cerebral edema Alzheimer’s disease Multiple sclerosis a. b. c. d. e. 63. A person injures his neck and suddenly is paralyzed in his face and neck. What nerves did he most likely injure? Mixed nerves Spinal nerves Cranial nerves Sensory nerves Motor nerves a. b. c. 64. This group of nerves is made of 31 pairs and serves the neck and limbs: Mixed nerves d. Sensory nerves Spinal nerves e. Motor nerves Cranial nerves a. b. c. 65. In 90% of the population, the ____________________ is dominant for speech, writing, and reading. Frontal Lobe d. Left Hemisphere Parietal Lobe e. Right Hemisphere Occipital Lobe Matching – Match the lobe with its correct function. 66. ________ Sense of vision A. Frontal Lobe 67. ________ Sense of hearing B. Parietal Lobe 68. ________ Sensations from the skin C. Occipital Lobe 69. ________ Primary motor area D. Temporal Lobe 70. ________ Controls speech and writing 71. ________ Memory of visual scenes and music 72. ________ Concentrating and problem solving 73. ________ Analyzing visual patterns 74. ________ Choosing words to express feelings