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Central Nervous System
Nervous tissue
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Axon
Dendrite
Myelin
Nodes of Ranvier
Schwann cells
Motor neuron
Interneurons
Somatic
Sensory neuron
A nerve fiber with thorn like spines that conducts an impulse towards
the cell body
Substance of Schwann cell composed of lipoprotein
Transmits impulse from sensory to motor neuron within CNS
Unmyelinated axon between Schwann cells on neurons of the
peripheral nervous system
Transmits impulse into brain or spinal cord from receptors
A nerve fiber; conducts impulse away from a neuron cell body
A myelinating cell that surrounds a fiber on a peripheral nerve
Pertaining to the body
Transmits impulse out of the brain or spinal cord to effectors
Interneurons
Meninges and Spinal Cord
Arachnoid mater
Outermost layer of meninges
Dura mater
Contains cerebrospinal fluid
Pia mater
Thin, weblike middle membrane
Epidural space
Inner delicate membrane
CSF
Protective fluid, the brain floats in
it
5
Word box
1
6
Midbrain
Pons
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2
3
4
Spinal cord
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Sulci
Thalamus
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
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10
Gyri
Corpus callosum
Diencephalon
Hypothalamus
Medulla
oblongata
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L
A
B
E
L
Sheep’s Brain
Gyrus-noodles
Diencephalon
Transverse
fissure
Sulcus- deep
grooves
Cerebrum
Corpus
callosum
CerebellumArbor vitae
Olfactory
bulb
Optic
chiasma
Spinal cord
Medulla
oblongata
Red arrows = brainstem
Midbrain
Pons
Lobes of Cerebrum, Motor, Sensory,
Association areas of Left Cerebral Cortex
Parietal lobe, sensory perception of all
the body, (feel itchy toe)
• Lobes in Black
Motor areas involved with the control
• Frontal
of voluntary muscles (moves to itch
• Parietal
toe)
• Temporal
• Occipital
Motor speech area (Broca’s
• Insula
area)
Occipital lobe,
vision from retina
Sensory,
motor,
association
areas in
purple
Interpretation of sensory
experiences, auditory patterns
Temporal lobe auditory
perception
Cerebellum, motor
coordination
Cranial Nerves
(Auditory)
On old Olympus towering top a Fin and German viewed a hops.
Reflex Arch
What are the five steps?
1. Receptor organ receives
stimulus at dendrite end of a
sensory (afferent) neuron
2. Sensory neuron
leads into the CNS and
communicates with
interneurons
3. Interneurons communicate
with motor (efferent) neurons
4. Axons of those efferent
neurons lead outward to
effectors
5. Effector organ responds
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Hypothalamus
 Pineal gland
 Pituitary
 White matter
 Gray matter
 Ventricles
 CSF fluid
 Spinal cord
 Central canal
 Fissure
 Afferent
 Efferent
 Thalamus
 Diencephalons
 convolutions
 Corpus callosum
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Connects hemispheres
Tube within the spinal cord
Seperates hemispheres, seperates cerebrum
from cerebellum
Impulse sent away from CNS, motor impulse
Impulse sent to the CNS, sensory
Sense of smell doesn’t pass through here
Part of the CNS, provides 2-way communication
Looks like a butterfly in the spinal cord
Surrounds gray matter
Spaces within the central canal, left and right
hemispheres of the brain and are filled with CSF
fluid
Occupies the ventricles of the brain, arachnoid
space of meninges, and the central canal
Maintains homeostasis, regulates body
temperature
Gyrus
A mass of gray matter at the base of the
cerebrum
A small structure within the diencephalons that
secretes melatonin
Lies under the hypothalamus