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Image courtesy of Salvatore Vuono at FreeDigitalPhotos.net Your Brain is Electrical! • Your brain is made up of millions of NEURONS • The neurons use chemicals and electricity to communicate with each other • It takes a lot of energy – The Brain takes 20% of the total body energy. – 2/3 of that brain energy is used to help Neurons send electrical signals • Brain cells use chemical reactions to make electricity • EEGs* measure the external brain voltages so we can look at them * ElectroEncephaloGraphs Image courtesy of Salvatore Vuono at FreeDigitalPhotos.net The MindFlex Game uses Brainwaves to Control Objects. • The Headset measures the Brain electrical signals and separates the different waves out • It uses the signals to sense how focused you are. • These signals are sent wirelessly to the base unit to control the ball or the fan position in the game. We can see the signals it measures “Frontier Nerds” (FN) made a way to see the Wave Signal Sizes (I used Wireless Bluetooth connection to the PC instead of USB) Serial link on Bluetooth Baseline electrode provides an electrical reference from the ear PC display - using FN Processing App. Arduino Parses data, based on Neurosky* “Mindset Communications Protocol” PC Display Samples move this way at 1/Sec Bar Graph Values of Current Sample * “Neurosky” is the company that designed the technology and game Brain Wave Pulse Rate Matches How Active your Brain is Delta waves – when unconscious or asleep 1/10 to 4 pulses a second Theta waves – when conscious but sleepy 4 to 7 pulses a second Alpha waves – when relaxing physically and mentally 7 to 13 pulses a second Beta waves -- when actively alert, tense or agitated 13 to 60 pulses a second Brain Waves • Brain Waves measured here are electrical signals detected on the outside of your brain • They result from the total average electrical activity inside your brain • You cannot get a shock from them, they are very small voltages • The signals change in size at regular intervals between 1/10 and 60 times a second depending how active the brain is. • Professional and Medical EEGs use a lot of sensors giving data for better analysis. Electrical signal pulses make neurotransmitter chemicals cross to the other neuron Electrical signal pulses Received neurotransmitter chemicals make new electrical signals Enough new electrical signals sensed makes an electrical pulse go New Electrical signal pulses Electricity in Brain cells • Brain cells use chemical reactions to make electricity • Brains do not have wires so they use human friendly chemicals to send electricity through the cells. • A neuron sends electricity using a pulse of IONs (charged chemicals - rather than the electrons themselves) to where it touches another neuron at a synapse. • The electric pulse makes a chemical called a neurotransmitter go to the next neuron. • If the next neuron gets enough neurotransmitters it will make an electrical pulse to send towards the next one.