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Name:_____________________________________________________ Class:______________________________________________________ Anatomy and Physiology: Nervous System Test (Part 1) I. Multiple Choice (2 pts each) You may use your notes for this part of the test. ______1. Which of the following neurons is located in the PNS a. sensory b. interneurons c. motor d. both a and c ______2. Which region of the brain do you use to complete a test? a. cerebellum b. cerebrum c. brain stem d. hypothalamus ______3. During physical activities, which region of the brain functions most? a. cerebellum b. cerebrum c. brain stem d. hypothalamus ______4. The reflex center of the nervous system is the a. medulla oblongata b. reflex arc c. muscle spindle d. spinal cord ______5. Type of neuron located inside the CNS that connects other types of neurons is the a. axon b. sensory neuron c. interneuron d. motor neuron _____6. When a gymnast does a flip on the balance board, which of the following lobe(s) of the brain is she using? a. parietal b. occipital c. frontal d. all of these are correct _____7. What is the effector muscle activated by the biceps-jerk reflex? a. biceps b. gastrocnemius c. triceps d. anterior tibialis ____8. _________ initiates an impulse in a reflex arc. a. axon b. muscle spindle fiber c. chemoreceptor d. none of these _____9. _________ are reflexes that occur when a muscle is stretched by a tap over its tendon. a. contract reflex b. relax reflex c. sensory d. stretch reflex _____10. Region of the brain that controls hunger, sleep and wakefulness, heart rate, and body temperature. a. Cerebrum b. cerebellum c. brain stem d. diencephalon _____11. Reflex that indicates damage to the corticospinal tract of the brain if occurs in adults. It is normal in infants. a. babinski b. plantar reflex c. gastric d. sphenoid reflex _____12. 90% of the population is considered to be ________ hemisphere dominant. a. Right b. left c. codominant _____13. The thickest, outermost layer of the meninges a. dura mater b. pia mater c. arachnoid layer d. none of these _____14. An infant’s responses to stimuli are coarse and undifferentiated because nerve fibers a. have not yet appeared b. are incapable of carrying impulses c. have not yet developed connections to the brain d. are not completely myelinated ____15. . autoimmune disease that attacks the myelin sheaths in the CNS a. multiple sclerosis b. muscular dystrophy c. depression d. Teuretts _____16. The spinal cord consists of ____ segments, each giving rise to a pair of spinal nerves. a. 2 b. 5 c. 31 d. 41 _____17. Branch of the nervous system responsible for processing information is the a. CNS b. PNS c. ANS d. SNS _____18. The branch of the nervous system responsible for transporting nerve impulses is the a.CNS b. PNS c. ANS d. SNS _____19. Place the following steps of the reflex arc in order. 1. interneuron communicates with motor neuron, whose axons lead out to effector muscles or glands. 2. sensory neuron communicates with interneurons in CNS 3. Sensory receptor at the dendrite end of sensory neuron is stimulated a. b. c. d. 3, 1, 2 1, 2, 3 2, 3, 1 3, 2, 1 _____20. Which of the following activities is controlled by the brain stem? a. heart rate b. critical thinking c. balance d. none of these _____21. ____ is an electrochemical process that carries information to and from the CNS a. reflex b. synapse c. nerve impulse d. fissure _____22. . sudden death of brain tissue caused by a lack of oxygen due to interrupted blood supply a. multiple sclerosis b. Stroke (CVA) c. gout d. both a and c are correct _____23. chemical messengers in the nervous system that help start and stop the transmission of nerve impulses a. hormone b. neurotransmitter c. reflex arc d. meninges _____24. Membranous coverings of the brain and spinal cord a. Viscera b. neural coverings c. meninges d. cortices ____25. Which of the following areas within the brain is responsible for reflexes associated with coughing, vomiting, and sneezing? a. cerebrum b. brain stem c. thalamus d. medulla oblongata ____26. ____ is the dramatic decline of intellectual function marked by forgetfulness. a. dementia b. rickets c. migraines d. parkinson’s ____27. A ____ is an excessive discharge of electrical activity in the brain, leading to changes in movement, sensation, or consciousness. a. reflex b. muscle twitch c. seizures d. none of these ____28. In Parkinson’s disease, cells that produce the neurotransmitter _____ (important for planning and controlling body movement) are destroyed. a. acetycholine b. dopamine c. norepinephrine d. endorphins _____29. Which of the following is a symptom of depression? a. feelings of guilt, fear, or worthlessness b. changes in energy c. thought of death or suicide d. all of these are correct ______30. Region of the brain that connects the two cerebral hemispheres is called the a. hypothalamus b. midbrain c. pineal gland d. corpus callosum Name:_____________________________________________________ Class:______________________________________________________ Anatomy and Physiology: Nervous System Test (Part 2) II. Short Answer. Choose ONLY 3 (5 pts each) 31.Distinguish between the CNS and the PNS. Discuss the function of each and the organs of each. 32.If Christopher is in a car accident and, due to brain damage, loses his sight, which of the lobes of the cerebrum would most likely be damaged? Why? 33.When you sing with the radio, which lobes of the cerebrum would be involved? Explain. 34.What functional losses would you expect in a patient who has suffered injury to the right occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex? The right temporal lobe? 35.A reflex called the biceps-jerk uses motor neurons that exit the spinal cord in the fifth spinal nerve (C5). Another reflex, called the triceps-jerk reflex, utilizes motor neurons in the seventh spinal nerve (C7). How might these reflexes help locate the site of damage in a patient with a neck injury? III. Draw and label a simple neuron. Label the axon, dendrite, cell body, nodes of Ranvier, Schwann cell, and nucleus. Indicate with an arrow which direction a nerve impulse travels (15 points).