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Transcript
Name _________________________________ Date_________________ Period _______________ DNA What does DNA mean? Where do I find DNA? Why is it important? How do I use DNA? DNA Information *stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid. *makes up chromosomes w/proteins. *located in the Nucleus. *NEVER leaves the nucleus. *is passed from one generation to the next in chromosomes. *looks like a ladder, twisted around itself, called a double helix DNA Timeline Facts… Early 1950’s o 1st picture of DNA taken by Rosalind Franklin using an X-ray machine. 1953 o DNA structure discovered by James Watson & Francis Crick. 1962 o Watson, Crick and Franklin received Nobel Prize in Medicine. Gene Definition: a short, active section of DNA, which contains the instructions (code) for building all proteins. The code (directions for building the protein) is the order of bases on DNA. Each chromosome is made up of many hundreds of genes. Each gene is made up of hundreds or thousands of bases long. DNA Structure - is composed of many small subunits called “nucleotides” Nucleotides are made up of 3 parts: 1. a phosphate 2. deoxyribose sugar 3. nitrogen containing base Nucleotides are held together by covalent, ester bonds. *The ladder shape is formed by linking matching bases together. Name _________________________________ Date_________________ Nitrogenous Bases in DNA 1. Adenine 2. Guanine 3. Cytosine 4. Thymine Complementary Base Pair Rules: says, “Each base has a complement or partner in DNA.”. *Adenine only bonds w/ Thymine *Guanine only bonds w/ Cytosine *Hydrogen bonds between the bases hold the strands together. Shape of DNA The ladder is twisted into a shape scientists call a “Double Helix” Period _______________
