* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Chapter 17 - Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
DNA supercoil wikipedia , lookup
X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Human genome wikipedia , lookup
DNA methylation wikipedia , lookup
Behavioral epigenetics wikipedia , lookup
Bisulfite sequencing wikipedia , lookup
Point mutation wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of depression wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Cancer epigenetics wikipedia , lookup
Vectors in gene therapy wikipedia , lookup
Microevolution wikipedia , lookup
Nucleic acid analogue wikipedia , lookup
RNA interference wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics in stem-cell differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Nucleic acid tertiary structure wikipedia , lookup
Non-coding DNA wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics wikipedia , lookup
Histone acetyltransferase wikipedia , lookup
Polyadenylation wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of diabetes Type 2 wikipedia , lookup
Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases wikipedia , lookup
Deoxyribozyme wikipedia , lookup
History of RNA biology wikipedia , lookup
Transcription factor wikipedia , lookup
Messenger RNA wikipedia , lookup
Polycomb Group Proteins and Cancer wikipedia , lookup
Long non-coding RNA wikipedia , lookup
Nutriepigenomics wikipedia , lookup
Epigenomics wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of human development wikipedia , lookup
RNA silencing wikipedia , lookup
Therapeutic gene modulation wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics in learning and memory wikipedia , lookup
Non-coding RNA wikipedia , lookup
Chapter 17 Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes Study Outline 1. Regulatory transcription factors a. Structural features of regulatory transcription factors allow them to bind to DNA b. Regulatory transcription factors recognize regulatory elements that function as enhancers or silencers c. Regulatory transcription factors may exert their effects through TFIID and mediator d. The function of regulatory transcription factor proteins can be modulated in three ways e. Steroid hormones exert their effects by binding to a regulatory transcription factor 2. Chromatin remodeling, histone variation, and histone modification a. Chromatin remodeling complexes alter the positions and compositions of nucleosomes b. Histone variants play specialized roles in chromatin structure and function c. The histone code also controls gene transcription d. Eukaryotic genes are flanked by nucleosome-free regions and well-positioned nucleosomes e. Transcriptional activation involves changes in nucleosome locations, composition, and histone modifications 3. DNA methylation a. DNA methylation occurs on the cytosine base and usually inhibits gene transcriptoin b. DNA methylation is heritable 4. Insulators a. Insulators may act as a barrier to changes in chromatin structure or block the effects of neighboring enhancers b. Insulators may promote the formation of loops that block the effects of nearby enhancers 5. Regulation of RNA processing, RNA stability, and translation a. Alternative splicing regulates which exons occur in an RNA transcript, allowing different polypeptides to be made from the same structural gene b. The stability of mRNA influences mRNA concentration c. Double-stranded RNA can silence the expression of mRNA d. Fire and Mello show that double-stranded RNA is more potent than antisense RNA at silencing mRNA e. RNA interference is mediated by microRNAs or short-interfering RNAs via the RNAinduced silencing complex f. The regulation of iron assimilation is an example of the regulatory effect of RNA-binding proteins on translation