Nonsensemediated decay of glutathione peroxidase 1 mRNA in the
... the resulting cytoplasmic mRNA and (ii) an exon±exon junction located >50±55 nucleotides downstream of a translation termination codon functions to elicit cytoplasmic NMD, as is the case for nucleus-associated NMD. We go on to show using a doxycycline-repressible promoter to drive GPx1 gene expressi ...
... the resulting cytoplasmic mRNA and (ii) an exon±exon junction located >50±55 nucleotides downstream of a translation termination codon functions to elicit cytoplasmic NMD, as is the case for nucleus-associated NMD. We go on to show using a doxycycline-repressible promoter to drive GPx1 gene expressi ...
Endonucleolytic processing of CCAless tRNA precursors by RNase
... Condon and Putzer, 2002), with Aquifex aeolicus being the only documented species in any of the three kingdoms not possessing RNase P activity (Willkomm et al., 2002). In bacteria, RNase P is a two-component enzyme consisting of a protein and an RNA subunit, with the RNA subunit providing the cataly ...
... Condon and Putzer, 2002), with Aquifex aeolicus being the only documented species in any of the three kingdoms not possessing RNase P activity (Willkomm et al., 2002). In bacteria, RNase P is a two-component enzyme consisting of a protein and an RNA subunit, with the RNA subunit providing the cataly ...
Cold-induced silencing by long antisense transcripts of an
... is mostly unknown1. We are investigating the link between noncoding RNA and chromatin regulation through analysis of FLC — a regulator of flowering time in Arabidopsis and a target of several chromatin pathways. Here we use an unbiased strategy to characterize non-coding transcripts of FLC and show ...
... is mostly unknown1. We are investigating the link between noncoding RNA and chromatin regulation through analysis of FLC — a regulator of flowering time in Arabidopsis and a target of several chromatin pathways. Here we use an unbiased strategy to characterize non-coding transcripts of FLC and show ...
Mutations at the Darkener of apricot Locus Modulate Transcript
... at wa and w5Ps5,since white alleles with point mutations do not respond (RABINOW and BIRCHLER 1989). Doa acts upon wa as an inverse function ofits own dosage, i.e., is lightened by additional copies of wild-type Doa. Conversely, WJfis5 is directly affected by Doa, addition of wild-type copies produc ...
... at wa and w5Ps5,since white alleles with point mutations do not respond (RABINOW and BIRCHLER 1989). Doa acts upon wa as an inverse function ofits own dosage, i.e., is lightened by additional copies of wild-type Doa. Conversely, WJfis5 is directly affected by Doa, addition of wild-type copies produc ...
Par-1
... machinery Many components of RNAi machinery have been identified through genetic screening for RNAi defective mutants and through biochemical studies using cell extracts (e.g. Drosophila embryo extract). ...
... machinery Many components of RNAi machinery have been identified through genetic screening for RNAi defective mutants and through biochemical studies using cell extracts (e.g. Drosophila embryo extract). ...
p68/DDX5 DEAD-box RNA helicase gene encodes a novel miRNA
... that while p68 RNA helicase activity appears to be important for some functions (e.g., RNA processing), it does not appear to be required for its role as a transcriptional coactivator. The p68 gene contains a large intron (intron 11, 1.2 kb in the human gene), which has been conserved through evolut ...
... that while p68 RNA helicase activity appears to be important for some functions (e.g., RNA processing), it does not appear to be required for its role as a transcriptional coactivator. The p68 gene contains a large intron (intron 11, 1.2 kb in the human gene), which has been conserved through evolut ...
Novel mutants of 23S RNA: characterization of
... resistance was nearly 2 times higher than at 10 mM (Table I)It is clear from table I that in all cases the resistance to thiostrepton was higher on the ribosomes derived from E.coli pop2136 strain. Thus, the data from poly(U) translation in the presence and absence of thiostrepton are in good correl ...
... resistance was nearly 2 times higher than at 10 mM (Table I)It is clear from table I that in all cases the resistance to thiostrepton was higher on the ribosomes derived from E.coli pop2136 strain. Thus, the data from poly(U) translation in the presence and absence of thiostrepton are in good correl ...
IMPROVE SMALL RNA-MEDIATED GENE SILENCING
... Mello took the approach of directly testing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as the silencing trigger in Caenorhabditis elegans and proposed the term RNA interference (RNAi) for the first time (Fire et al. 1998). Later on, the potency of dsRNA to induce gene silencing was also demonstrated in plants (Wa ...
... Mello took the approach of directly testing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as the silencing trigger in Caenorhabditis elegans and proposed the term RNA interference (RNAi) for the first time (Fire et al. 1998). Later on, the potency of dsRNA to induce gene silencing was also demonstrated in plants (Wa ...
A rule-based kinetic model of RNA polymerase II C
... lines indicate the model simulations of (a) thresholded and scaled to best approximate the measured phosphorylation. ...
... lines indicate the model simulations of (a) thresholded and scaled to best approximate the measured phosphorylation. ...
RNA-based regulation of genes of tryptophan synthesis
... capability was dispensed with when the trp aporepressor, while charged and uncharged tRNATrp determine whether transcription organisms evolved that were capable of will or will not be terminated in the operon’s leader region. A poorly expressed internal provides transcripts producing low levels of t ...
... capability was dispensed with when the trp aporepressor, while charged and uncharged tRNATrp determine whether transcription organisms evolved that were capable of will or will not be terminated in the operon’s leader region. A poorly expressed internal provides transcripts producing low levels of t ...
informe tecnológico de patentes
... disorder caused by the expression of mutant huntingtin protein (Htt). Suppression of Htt expression, using RNA interference, might be an effective therapy. However, if reduction of wild-type protein is not well tolerated in the brain, it may be necessary to suppress just the product of the mutant al ...
... disorder caused by the expression of mutant huntingtin protein (Htt). Suppression of Htt expression, using RNA interference, might be an effective therapy. However, if reduction of wild-type protein is not well tolerated in the brain, it may be necessary to suppress just the product of the mutant al ...
An Introduction to RNA Interference (RNAi)
... Prize in Physiology or Medicine, even though they did not show or expect the RNAi mechanism to work in mammalian systems when their early work was performed. Short double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) mediate RNAi in human cells Shortly after Fire and Mello’s discovery, dsRNAs were found to induce similar ...
... Prize in Physiology or Medicine, even though they did not show or expect the RNAi mechanism to work in mammalian systems when their early work was performed. Short double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) mediate RNAi in human cells Shortly after Fire and Mello’s discovery, dsRNAs were found to induce similar ...
mRNA Export - e
... Collectively, these recent findings indicate that specific mRNA export factors can modulate diverse processes such as DNA repair, haematopoiesis and maintenance of pluripotency, thus demonstrating the potential impact that selective mRNA export can have on biological function. The finding that TREX ...
... Collectively, these recent findings indicate that specific mRNA export factors can modulate diverse processes such as DNA repair, haematopoiesis and maintenance of pluripotency, thus demonstrating the potential impact that selective mRNA export can have on biological function. The finding that TREX ...
Biochemistry Lecture 23 THE LAST ONE!
... specific site on subunit • Called P site (for “Peptidyl” site) • Lies next to A site (for “Aminoacyl” site) ...
... specific site on subunit • Called P site (for “Peptidyl” site) • Lies next to A site (for “Aminoacyl” site) ...
pyrimidine
... Laser fluorescence detection allows for primer identification in real time An automated sequencing machine can handle 4500 bases/hour That’s one of the technologies that has made large-scale sequencing projects like the human genome project possible ...
... Laser fluorescence detection allows for primer identification in real time An automated sequencing machine can handle 4500 bases/hour That’s one of the technologies that has made large-scale sequencing projects like the human genome project possible ...
Epigenetic inheritance of acquired traits through sperm RNAs and
... Is DNA methylation the cause? At the molecular level, a plausible explanation for this paternal germline inheritance could be environmentally induced aberrant DNA methylation patterns that are maintained in the sperm and escape at least two waves of epigenetic reprogramming 13, resulting in the pers ...
... Is DNA methylation the cause? At the molecular level, a plausible explanation for this paternal germline inheritance could be environmentally induced aberrant DNA methylation patterns that are maintained in the sperm and escape at least two waves of epigenetic reprogramming 13, resulting in the pers ...
Applications of Bioinformatics and Genomics/Proteomics
... Summary: In this final course of the BPG program, students will be familiarized with the most advanced computational techniques, programs and databases used at the frontiers of biomedical sciences. Advanced applications will be covered in four broad areas: new bioinformatics tools, genomics, proteom ...
... Summary: In this final course of the BPG program, students will be familiarized with the most advanced computational techniques, programs and databases used at the frontiers of biomedical sciences. Advanced applications will be covered in four broad areas: new bioinformatics tools, genomics, proteom ...
Antisense Transcript and RNA Processing
... In chloroplasts, the control of mRNA stability is of critical importance for proper regulation of gene expression. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain D26pAtE is engineered such that the atpB mRNA terminates with an mRNA destabilizing polyadenylate tract, resulting in this strain being unable to co ...
... In chloroplasts, the control of mRNA stability is of critical importance for proper regulation of gene expression. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain D26pAtE is engineered such that the atpB mRNA terminates with an mRNA destabilizing polyadenylate tract, resulting in this strain being unable to co ...
Evolutionary dynamics of RNA-like replicator systems
... Interestingly, a similar situation exists in RNA and DNA. RNA and DNA are chemically very similar to each other, the only difference being the presence or absence of one oxygen atom per nucleotide. Although RNA molecules are the only templates from which proteins are translated in the cell, DNA can ...
... Interestingly, a similar situation exists in RNA and DNA. RNA and DNA are chemically very similar to each other, the only difference being the presence or absence of one oxygen atom per nucleotide. Although RNA molecules are the only templates from which proteins are translated in the cell, DNA can ...
Transcriptional Attenuation
... bacterial gene regulation, however, it has acquired a more restricted definition and is used to describe a mechanism in which the level of transcriptional termination at a single, specific site within an operon, called an attenuator, is regulated in response to a physiologically relevant signal (Bau ...
... bacterial gene regulation, however, it has acquired a more restricted definition and is used to describe a mechanism in which the level of transcriptional termination at a single, specific site within an operon, called an attenuator, is regulated in response to a physiologically relevant signal (Bau ...
The Structures of DNA and RNA
... of DNA are linked together by covalent bonds and how the resulting molecules are arranged in three-dimensional space. Not surprisingly, there initially were fears that DNA might have very complicated and perhaps bizarre structures that differed radically from one gene to another. Great relief, if no ...
... of DNA are linked together by covalent bonds and how the resulting molecules are arranged in three-dimensional space. Not surprisingly, there initially were fears that DNA might have very complicated and perhaps bizarre structures that differed radically from one gene to another. Great relief, if no ...
Abundant RNA editing sites of chloroplast protein
... editing phenomenon is a relic of ancient RNA world and is involved in primordial error correction, such as repairing UV damage at the transcript level. Others argue that the editing system produces additional mutations to adapt to different physiological functions. However, this does not explain why ...
... editing phenomenon is a relic of ancient RNA world and is involved in primordial error correction, such as repairing UV damage at the transcript level. Others argue that the editing system produces additional mutations to adapt to different physiological functions. However, this does not explain why ...
5 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Types of Ribonucleic
... Like cell transcriptional process, the DNA containing miRNAs sequences can reside within intergenic or intronic regions of coding sequence, untranslated region or exonic regions of non-coding sequence. These are transcribed into long miRNA primary transcripts (primiRNAs) by RNA polymerase II (Ambros ...
... Like cell transcriptional process, the DNA containing miRNAs sequences can reside within intergenic or intronic regions of coding sequence, untranslated region or exonic regions of non-coding sequence. These are transcribed into long miRNA primary transcripts (primiRNAs) by RNA polymerase II (Ambros ...
Control of Growth and of the Nuclear Division Cycle in Neurospora
... eucaryotes, the 5S and 4S RNAs do not derive from this precursor. This pattern of maturation is quite similar to that described for cytoplasmic rRNA of S. cerevisiae (177). The molecular weights of mature rRNA's in Neurospora are very close to those found in other fungi and green plants (27). The ra ...
... eucaryotes, the 5S and 4S RNAs do not derive from this precursor. This pattern of maturation is quite similar to that described for cytoplasmic rRNA of S. cerevisiae (177). The molecular weights of mature rRNA's in Neurospora are very close to those found in other fungi and green plants (27). The ra ...
Cotranscriptional coupling of splicing factor recruitment and
... U1-70K, U2AF65 and U5-116K are, respectively, about 4.5-, 6- and It has previously been proposed that direct binding to Pol II leads to 12-fold enriched at their peaks in the presence of camptothecin. In splicing factor recruitment to active transcription units1,31; indeed, contrast, camptothecin tr ...
... U1-70K, U2AF65 and U5-116K are, respectively, about 4.5-, 6- and It has previously been proposed that direct binding to Pol II leads to 12-fold enriched at their peaks in the presence of camptothecin. In splicing factor recruitment to active transcription units1,31; indeed, contrast, camptothecin tr ...
RNA world
The RNA world refers to the self-replicating ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that were precursors to all current life on Earth. It is generally accepted that current life on Earth descends from an RNA world, although RNA-based life may not have been the first life to exist.RNA stores genetic information like DNA, and catalyzes chemical reactions like an enzyme protein. It may, therefore, have played a major step in the evolution of cellular life. The RNA world would have eventually been replaced by the DNA, RNA and protein world of today, likely through an intermediate stage of ribonucleoprotein enzymes such as the ribosome and ribozymes, since proteins large enough to self-fold and have useful activities would only have come about after RNA was available to catalyze peptide ligation or amino acid polymerization. DNA is thought to have taken over the role of data storage due to its increased stability, while proteins, through a greater variety of monomers (amino acids), replaced RNA's role in specialized biocatalysis.The RNA world hypothesis is supported by many independent lines of evidence, such as the observations that RNA is central to the translation process and that small RNAs can catalyze all of the chemical group and information transfers required for life. The structure of the ribosome has been called the ""smoking gun,"" as it showed that the ribosome is a ribozyme, with a central core of RNA and no amino acid side chains within 18 angstroms of the active site where peptide bond formation is catalyzed. Many of the most critical components of cells (those that evolve the slowest) are composed mostly or entirely of RNA. Also, many critical cofactors (ATP, Acetyl-CoA, NADH, etc.) are either nucleotides or substances clearly related to them. This would mean that the RNA and nucleotide cofactors in modern cells are an evolutionary remnant of an RNA-based enzymatic system that preceded the protein-based one seen in all extant life.Evidence suggests chemical conditions (including the presence of boron, molybdenum and oxygen) for initially producing RNA molecules may have been better on the planet Mars than those on the planet Earth. If so, life-suitable molecules, originating on Mars, may have later migrated to Earth via panspermia or similar process.