RNA Interference and Small Interfering RNAs
... sequence-specific signals appear to spread from cell to cell via repeat genes confer potent and long-lasting specific gene plasmodesmata until they reach the vascular system and spread inactivation, including neuronally expressed genes that otherthrough the entire plant. Even though the plant cell c ...
... sequence-specific signals appear to spread from cell to cell via repeat genes confer potent and long-lasting specific gene plasmodesmata until they reach the vascular system and spread inactivation, including neuronally expressed genes that otherthrough the entire plant. Even though the plant cell c ...
a heat-sensitive cellular function located in the nucleolus
... These lesions appear at 42°C and consist of a loss of the granular ribonucleoprotein (RNP) component and intranucleolar chromatin, and a disappearance of the nucleolar reticulum. The material remaining in the morphologically homogeneous nucleolus is a large amount of closely packed fibrillar RNP. Th ...
... These lesions appear at 42°C and consist of a loss of the granular ribonucleoprotein (RNP) component and intranucleolar chromatin, and a disappearance of the nucleolar reticulum. The material remaining in the morphologically homogeneous nucleolus is a large amount of closely packed fibrillar RNP. Th ...
NIH Public Access
... RNA itself and its affinity for components of chromatin. However, a major question is whether XIST RNA is indifferent to the sequence of the underlying DNA. We briefly consider below current knowledge regarding RNA and chromatin protein factors, but focus primarily on evolving evidence which suggest ...
... RNA itself and its affinity for components of chromatin. However, a major question is whether XIST RNA is indifferent to the sequence of the underlying DNA. We briefly consider below current knowledge regarding RNA and chromatin protein factors, but focus primarily on evolving evidence which suggest ...
Application of Bruchin B to pea pods results in
... appropriate treatment period, the pods were removed from the plant, placed onto ice, and split along the suture. The seeds and the untreated portions of the pod were removed. The pod samples were frozen immediately in liquid nitrogen and stored at ÿ80 8C. RNA extraction, poly(A)+ RNA selection and c ...
... appropriate treatment period, the pods were removed from the plant, placed onto ice, and split along the suture. The seeds and the untreated portions of the pod were removed. The pod samples were frozen immediately in liquid nitrogen and stored at ÿ80 8C. RNA extraction, poly(A)+ RNA selection and c ...
poster_CSHL_2007
... FIRE (for Finding Informative Regulatory Elements) is a highly sensitive approach for motif discovery from expression data, based on mutual information. It has the following characteristics: ...
... FIRE (for Finding Informative Regulatory Elements) is a highly sensitive approach for motif discovery from expression data, based on mutual information. It has the following characteristics: ...
The E-Class PPR Protein MEF3 of Arabidopsis
... mitochondrial editing factors MEF1, MEF11, MEF14 and MEF22 as well as the OGR1 factor in rice (Kim et al. 2009, Zehrmann et al. 2009, Takenaka et al. 2010, Verbitskiy et al. 2010, Verbitskiy et al. 2011), belong to the DYW subgroup which is characterized by an approximately 100 amino acids long DYW ...
... mitochondrial editing factors MEF1, MEF11, MEF14 and MEF22 as well as the OGR1 factor in rice (Kim et al. 2009, Zehrmann et al. 2009, Takenaka et al. 2010, Verbitskiy et al. 2010, Verbitskiy et al. 2011), belong to the DYW subgroup which is characterized by an approximately 100 amino acids long DYW ...
RNA Splicing
... • Another splicing factor, called SF1in mammals and BBP in yeast. connects V2AF/Mud2 to the U1 snRNP bound at the 5' splice site. Complex formation is enhanced by the cooperative reactions of the two proteins; SF 1 and U2AF (or BBP and Mud2) bind together to the RNA substrate -1 Ox more effectively ...
... • Another splicing factor, called SF1in mammals and BBP in yeast. connects V2AF/Mud2 to the U1 snRNP bound at the 5' splice site. Complex formation is enhanced by the cooperative reactions of the two proteins; SF 1 and U2AF (or BBP and Mud2) bind together to the RNA substrate -1 Ox more effectively ...
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The
... copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or ...
... copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or ...
Interfering RNA
... written description since the claim reads on targeting many different nucleic acids. – Analysis turns on what is shown in the specification and what was known about the various versions of the gene at the time of filing. – Provide evidence RNAi targets shown functionally correlate with targeting oth ...
... written description since the claim reads on targeting many different nucleic acids. – Analysis turns on what is shown in the specification and what was known about the various versions of the gene at the time of filing. – Provide evidence RNAi targets shown functionally correlate with targeting oth ...
RNA-Seq analysis
... RNA-Seq analysis (II): In contrast to small RNAs (like piRNAs, miRNAs, siRNAs) larger RNA must be fragmented RNA fragmentation or cDNA fragmentation (different techniques) Methods create different type of bias: RNA: depletion for ends cDNA: biased towards 5’ end ...
... RNA-Seq analysis (II): In contrast to small RNAs (like piRNAs, miRNAs, siRNAs) larger RNA must be fragmented RNA fragmentation or cDNA fragmentation (different techniques) Methods create different type of bias: RNA: depletion for ends cDNA: biased towards 5’ end ...
RNA Editing, ADAR1, and the Innate Immune Response
... in Aicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) [57], a severe autoimmune disease with early onset encephalopathy associated with a high level of IFN-α in the cerebrospinal fluid and upregulated ISG transcription [58–61]. A subtype of AGS was found to be associated with multiple mutations in the ADAR1 gene [57] ...
... in Aicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) [57], a severe autoimmune disease with early onset encephalopathy associated with a high level of IFN-α in the cerebrospinal fluid and upregulated ISG transcription [58–61]. A subtype of AGS was found to be associated with multiple mutations in the ADAR1 gene [57] ...
Read the Nobel Lecture
... getting longer? And why were they fuzzy? Collecting more pieces of the puzzle: telomere sequence addition When Liz Blackburn and Jack Szostak met for the first time at a conference, they were both interested in DNA ends. They knew about the curious structure of telomeres and their elongation, and th ...
... getting longer? And why were they fuzzy? Collecting more pieces of the puzzle: telomere sequence addition When Liz Blackburn and Jack Szostak met for the first time at a conference, they were both interested in DNA ends. They knew about the curious structure of telomeres and their elongation, and th ...
Isolation and characterization of an RNA that binds with high affinity
... the presence and in the absence of authentic TAR RNA (F i g . 3 ). As seen in Figure 4A, which shows a representative autoradiogram, the basal level of transcription (lane 1) from the CMV early promoter was greatly reduced by the addition of 100 pmole of authentic TAR RNA (lanes 3 and 4). Quantifica ...
... the presence and in the absence of authentic TAR RNA (F i g . 3 ). As seen in Figure 4A, which shows a representative autoradiogram, the basal level of transcription (lane 1) from the CMV early promoter was greatly reduced by the addition of 100 pmole of authentic TAR RNA (lanes 3 and 4). Quantifica ...
The RNA world meets behavior: AfiI pre
... transcriptome remains unknown. Although we understand the chemical basis and are learning about both the mechanism and the preferred targets for this type of editing, an essential question remains: why do organisms recode mRNAs enzymatically rather than simply incorporating those changes into the ge ...
... transcriptome remains unknown. Although we understand the chemical basis and are learning about both the mechanism and the preferred targets for this type of editing, an essential question remains: why do organisms recode mRNAs enzymatically rather than simply incorporating those changes into the ge ...
Life 9e - Garvness
... Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 4. Which of the following are model organisms used in biological research? a. Pea plants b. Fruit flies c. E. coli d. Bread mold e. All of the above Answer: e Textbook Reference: 14.1 What Is the Evidence that Genes Code for Proteins? Page: 292 Bloom’s Category: 1. R ...
... Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 4. Which of the following are model organisms used in biological research? a. Pea plants b. Fruit flies c. E. coli d. Bread mold e. All of the above Answer: e Textbook Reference: 14.1 What Is the Evidence that Genes Code for Proteins? Page: 292 Bloom’s Category: 1. R ...
Interaction of Sesbania Mosaic Virus Movement Protein
... mostly confined to a single cell. Infection spreads to adjacent cells with the help of viral encoded specialised proteins, called movement proteins (MPs) [1]. The cell to cell movement of viruses is a complex and dynamic process which involves functional contribution from many proteins of viral and ...
... mostly confined to a single cell. Infection spreads to adjacent cells with the help of viral encoded specialised proteins, called movement proteins (MPs) [1]. The cell to cell movement of viruses is a complex and dynamic process which involves functional contribution from many proteins of viral and ...
BIOLOGY (Theory) 57/2 SECTION – A 1. Name the two gases
... (a) Drosophila male has one X and one Y chromosome (b) Drosophila male has two X chromosomes Ans. Drosophila male has one X and one Y chromosome ...
... (a) Drosophila male has one X and one Y chromosome (b) Drosophila male has two X chromosomes Ans. Drosophila male has one X and one Y chromosome ...
- SciTech Connect
... Some of the earliest support for RNA-based transgenerational epigenetic inheritance comes from research in several plant systems. In contrast to animals, plants do not sequester the germline early in development; rather, at a specified time during its life, the plant switches from vegetative growth ...
... Some of the earliest support for RNA-based transgenerational epigenetic inheritance comes from research in several plant systems. In contrast to animals, plants do not sequester the germline early in development; rather, at a specified time during its life, the plant switches from vegetative growth ...
Text S13.
... than the unconserved codons. We calculated the ratio in average ribosome density between codons with strong RNA folding strengths at offset +12 and codons with weak RNA folding strengths at offset +12. The weak (or strong) folding is defined as nucleotides with the 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or 50% low ...
... than the unconserved codons. We calculated the ratio in average ribosome density between codons with strong RNA folding strengths at offset +12 and codons with weak RNA folding strengths at offset +12. The weak (or strong) folding is defined as nucleotides with the 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, or 50% low ...
RNA and Protein Synthesis
... that consists of a long chain of nucleotides. In a general way, genes contain coded DNA instructions that tell cells how to build proteins. The first step in decoding these genetic instructions is to copy part of the base sequence from DNA into RNA. RNA then uses these instructions to direct the prod ...
... that consists of a long chain of nucleotides. In a general way, genes contain coded DNA instructions that tell cells how to build proteins. The first step in decoding these genetic instructions is to copy part of the base sequence from DNA into RNA. RNA then uses these instructions to direct the prod ...
Distinct Roles for Drosophila Dicer-1 and Dicer
... •2003: Ahringer & Kamath unveil the results of a genome-wide RNAi screen ...
... •2003: Ahringer & Kamath unveil the results of a genome-wide RNAi screen ...
PTC_241Lecture005Cells
... and that if you had, say, ten proteins in your body--of course, you have many more than that--if you had ten proteins in your body you would have correspondingly ten genes to make those ten proteins. So we work with that theory for a long time but then we realized that there were actually many, man ...
... and that if you had, say, ten proteins in your body--of course, you have many more than that--if you had ten proteins in your body you would have correspondingly ten genes to make those ten proteins. So we work with that theory for a long time but then we realized that there were actually many, man ...
Monday March 10th in-class “assignment”: studying SRS and BWS
... Chiesa et al. (2012) The KCNQ1OT1 imprinting control region and non-coding RNA: new properties derived from the study of Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome and Silver–Russell syndrome cases ...
... Chiesa et al. (2012) The KCNQ1OT1 imprinting control region and non-coding RNA: new properties derived from the study of Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome and Silver–Russell syndrome cases ...
[PDF]
... these reviews (28–30). Another important consideration relevant to the function of miRNA in human disease is the potential contribution of genetic variation at miRNA target sites. This topic has itself been thoroughly reviewed (31). Although this is a rapidly emerging area of interest in human disea ...
... these reviews (28–30). Another important consideration relevant to the function of miRNA in human disease is the potential contribution of genetic variation at miRNA target sites. This topic has itself been thoroughly reviewed (31). Although this is a rapidly emerging area of interest in human disea ...
File
... d. Once transcription has initiated, RNA polymerase transcribes until it reaches the end of the chromosome. e. RNA polymerase transcribes through a stop codon, causing the polymerase to stop advancing through the gene and release the mRNA. 10. Which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gen ...
... d. Once transcription has initiated, RNA polymerase transcribes until it reaches the end of the chromosome. e. RNA polymerase transcribes through a stop codon, causing the polymerase to stop advancing through the gene and release the mRNA. 10. Which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gen ...
RNA world
The RNA world refers to the self-replicating ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that were precursors to all current life on Earth. It is generally accepted that current life on Earth descends from an RNA world, although RNA-based life may not have been the first life to exist.RNA stores genetic information like DNA, and catalyzes chemical reactions like an enzyme protein. It may, therefore, have played a major step in the evolution of cellular life. The RNA world would have eventually been replaced by the DNA, RNA and protein world of today, likely through an intermediate stage of ribonucleoprotein enzymes such as the ribosome and ribozymes, since proteins large enough to self-fold and have useful activities would only have come about after RNA was available to catalyze peptide ligation or amino acid polymerization. DNA is thought to have taken over the role of data storage due to its increased stability, while proteins, through a greater variety of monomers (amino acids), replaced RNA's role in specialized biocatalysis.The RNA world hypothesis is supported by many independent lines of evidence, such as the observations that RNA is central to the translation process and that small RNAs can catalyze all of the chemical group and information transfers required for life. The structure of the ribosome has been called the ""smoking gun,"" as it showed that the ribosome is a ribozyme, with a central core of RNA and no amino acid side chains within 18 angstroms of the active site where peptide bond formation is catalyzed. Many of the most critical components of cells (those that evolve the slowest) are composed mostly or entirely of RNA. Also, many critical cofactors (ATP, Acetyl-CoA, NADH, etc.) are either nucleotides or substances clearly related to them. This would mean that the RNA and nucleotide cofactors in modern cells are an evolutionary remnant of an RNA-based enzymatic system that preceded the protein-based one seen in all extant life.Evidence suggests chemical conditions (including the presence of boron, molybdenum and oxygen) for initially producing RNA molecules may have been better on the planet Mars than those on the planet Earth. If so, life-suitable molecules, originating on Mars, may have later migrated to Earth via panspermia or similar process.